python - Pygame - 尝试射击时崩溃

Question

我正在尝试学习 Python，并想使用 Pygame 进行练习。我目前使用Python 3.6.5并在Atom 1.27.2中运行代码并安装atom-runner包。我一直在关注KidsCanCode tutorial YouTube 上的 Pygame。

我想更改代码，所以我不仅仅是复制教程。目前一切正常，直到我尝试从我的船上产生一颗子弹。子弹应该从左到右，从屏幕左侧的飞船中产生。程序加载后，所有船只都会按预期移动并发生碰撞，但是当我按空格键时，游戏崩溃并出现以下错误:

TypeError: add() argument after * must be an iterable, not int

我认为这与我的player.shoot函数有关，但如果我删除该函数并尝试在...下生成子弹

if event.key == pg.K_SPACE:

还是不行。

我的代码与视频上的代码类似，但它似乎仍然不起作用。也许这与我的子弹的 .rect 位置有关，但目前我不太确定。任何帮助将不胜感激。

import pygame as pg
import random
import os

WIDTH = 1200
HEIGHT = 700
FPS = 60

#-----define colors-----
WHITE = (255,255,255)
BLACK = (0, 0, 0)
RED = (255, 0, 0)
GREEN = (0, 255, 0)
BLUE = (0, 0, 255)

# set up assets folders
game_folder = os.path.dirname(__file__)
img_folder = os.path.join(game_folder, 'graphics')

pg.init()
pg.mixer.init()
screen = pg.display.set_mode((WIDTH, HEIGHT))
pg.display.set_caption('First Game')
clock = pg.time.Clock()

# ------Load graphics-------------
player_img = pg.image.load(os.path.join(img_folder, 'blueship1.png')).convert()
enemy1_img = pg.image.load(os.path.join(img_folder, 'enemy1.png')).convert()


# ------------ Sprite for the player---------
class Player(pg.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pg.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = pg.transform.scale(player_img, (80, 60))
        self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.midleft =  (0, HEIGHT / 2)
        self.speedx = 0
        self.speedy = 0

    def update(self):
        self.rect.x += self.speedx
        self.speedy = 0
        keystate = pg.key.get_pressed()
        if keystate[pg.K_UP]:
            self.speedy = -5
        if keystate[pg.K_DOWN]:
            self.speedy = 5
        self.rect.y += self.speedy
        if self.rect.bottom > HEIGHT:
            self.rect.bottom = HEIGHT
        if self.rect.top < 0:
            self.rect.top = 0

    def shoot(self):
        laser = laser1(self.rect.midright, self.rect.centery)
        all_sprites.add(laser)
        lasers.add(laser)

class Enemy1(pg.sprite.Sprite):
    def __init__(self):
        pg.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = pg.transform.scale(enemy1_img, (80, 60))
        self.image.set_colorkey(BLACK)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.y = random.randrange(HEIGHT - self.rect.height)
        self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH + 40, WIDTH + 100)
        self.speedx = random.randrange(-8, -1)
    def update(self):
        self.rect.x += self.speedx
        if self.rect.right < 0:
            self.rect.y = random.randrange(HEIGHT - self.rect.height)
            self.rect.x = random.randrange(WIDTH + 40, WIDTH + 100)
            self.speedx = random.randrange(-8, -1)

class laser1(pg.sprite.Sprite):
    def __int__(self, x, y):
        pg.sprite.Sprite.__init__(self)
        self.image = pg.Surface((10, 5))
        self.image.fill(RED)
        self.rect = self.image.get_rect()
        self.rect.centery = y
        self.rect.left = x
        self.speedx = 15

    def update(self):
        self.rect.x += self.speedx
        #kill at right side of screen
        if self.rect.left > WIDTH:
            self.kill()

#  ---initializes pygame and creates window---
all_sprites = pg.sprite.Group()
mobs = pg.sprite.Group()
lasers = pg.sprite.Group()
player = Player()
all_sprites.add(player)
for i in range(8):
    m = Enemy1()
    all_sprites.add(m)
    mobs.add(m)

# --------------Game loop-----------------

running = True
while running:
    # ------keep loop running at right speed-----
    clock.tick(FPS)
    # ------Process input (events)--------
    for event in pg.event.get():
        #check for closing window
        if event.type == pg.QUIT:
            running = False
        elif event.type == pg.KEYDOWN:
            if event.key == pg.K_SPACE:
                player.shoot()

    # ----------Update---------------
    all_sprites.update()

    # --------------Checking for Collisions----------------
    hits = pg.sprite.spritecollide(player, mobs, False)
    if hits:
        running = False

    # ---------Draw / render----------------
    screen.fill(BLACK)
    all_sprites.draw(screen)
    # flip after drawing
    pg.display.flip()

Answer 1

该问题是由拼写错误引起的。构造函数的名称是 __init__ 而不是 __int__

def __int__(self, x, y):

def __init__(self, x, y):