c# - 保护 WCF NetHttpBinding 的最有效方法

Question

我将实现一个在 NetHttpBinding 下工作的 Web 服务支持双工连接。但问题是我不知道如何保护它。我试过使用 CostumUserNamePasswordValidationMode , 这是我的 web.config :

<behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors>
        <behavior name="Behavior1">
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="true"/>
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="true"/>
          <serviceCredentials>
            <serviceCertificate findValue="MyWebSite"
                  storeLocation="LocalMachine"
                  storeName="My"
                  x509FindType="FindBySubjectName" />
            <userNameAuthentication userNamePasswordValidationMode="Custom"
             customUserNamePasswordValidatorType="WcfWSChat.UserNamePassValidator, WcfWSChat" />
          </serviceCredentials>
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <bindings>
      <netHttpBinding>
        <binding name="Binding1">
          <security mode="Message">
            <message clientCredentialType="UserName"/>
          </security>
        </binding>
      </netHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <protocolMapping>
      <add scheme="http" binding="netHttpBinding"/>
    </protocolMapping>
    <services>
      <service name="WcfWSChat.WSChatService" 
               behaviorConfiguration="Behavior1" >
        <endpoint address="" 
                  binding="netHttpBinding"
                  bindingConfiguration="Binding1"
                  contract="WcfWSChat.IWSChatService" />
        <endpoint contract="IMetadataExchange" binding="mexHttpBinding" address="mex" />
      </service>
    </services>

我认为问题是<security mode="Message"> ，每当我运行该项目时，无论是在 IIS Express 还是 IIS 8.0 上，我都会收到此错误:

Could not find a base address that matches scheme https for the endpoint with binding NetHttpBinding. Registered base address schemes are [http].

如果我改变 mode属性(property)None ，我不会再看到错误，但验证不起作用!

我该如何解决这个问题？

Answer 1

我认为您已经接近解决方案了。我试图复制您的问题，这就是我的想法。

1. 在您的 ServiceMetadata 中添加 httpsGetEnabled 并将其设置为 true。元数据交换将在 HTTPS 中进行:

<serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True" httpsGetEnabled="True" />

1. 将 mexHttpBinding 更改为 mexHttpsBinding :

<endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpsBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange"/>

1. 在您的绑定(bind)中添加:

<netHttpBinding>
   <binding name="netHttpBinding">
       <security mode="TransportWithMessageCredential">
           <message clientCredentialType="UserName"/>
       </security>
   </binding>
</netHttpBinding>

1. 由于 netHttpBinding 默认使用 http，我们需要一些映射。

<protocolMapping>
    <add scheme="https" binding="netHttpBinding"/>
</protocolMapping>

1. 出于某种原因，即使我将 protocolMapping 更改为对 netHttpBinding 使用 HTTPS，我仍然收到一条错误消息，提示 “找不到与具有绑定(bind) NetHttpBinding 的端点的方案 https 匹配的基地址。已注册的基地址方案是 [http]。”。

所以我所做的是，我在我的服务下添加了这样的地址:

<host>
    <baseAddresses>
       <add baseAddress="https://localhost/Services/"/>
    </baseAddresses>
</host>

如果您没有看到上面突出显示的任何错误消息，您可以跳过第五步。我只是把它放在这里以防万一。

注意:我将我的证书安装在个人下的证书存储中，并将 CA 安装在受信任的根证书中。此示例仅在同一台机器下工作，因为我的证书名称只是 localhost。顺便说一下，我在这里使用的是 .Net framework 4.5。

下面是我的完整配置:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<configuration>
  <system.serviceModel>
    <services>
      <service name="WcfServiceLibrary1.Service1" behaviorConfiguration="ServiceBehavior">
        <host>
          <baseAddresses>
            <add baseAddress="https://localhost/Services/"/>
          </baseAddresses>
        </host>
        <endpoint address="" binding="netHttpBinding"  bindingConfiguration="netHttpBinding" contract="WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1" name="WcfServiceLibrary1.IService1"/>
        <endpoint address="mex" binding="mexHttpsBinding" contract="IMetadataExchange" listenUriMode="Explicit" />
      </service>
    </services>
    <behaviors>
      <serviceBehaviors >
        <behavior name="ServiceBehavior">
          <serviceCredentials>
            <serviceCertificate findValue="localhost" storeLocation="LocalMachine" storeName="My" x509FindType="FindBySubjectName" />
            **<!-- Retain your custom username password validator here -->**
          </serviceCredentials>
          <serviceMetadata httpGetEnabled="True" httpsGetEnabled="True" />
          <serviceDebug includeExceptionDetailInFaults="False" />
        </behavior>
      </serviceBehaviors>
    </behaviors>
    <bindings>
      <netHttpBinding>
        <binding name="netHttpBinding">
          <security mode="TransportWithMessageCredential">
            <message clientCredentialType="UserName"/>
          </security>
        </binding>
      </netHttpBinding>
    </bindings>
    <protocolMapping>
      <add scheme="https" binding="netHttpBinding"/>
    </protocolMapping>
  </system.serviceModel>
</configuration>