vim:仅显示前导空格/制表符

Question

我想使用 listchars (或某种插件，如果需要的话)，使我的缩进在 vim 中可见。但是，我只希望前导空格/制表符可见，而不是所有空格和制表符。

我发现了一些黑客行为here对于空间。评论里还有一个选项here 。问题是，由于选项卡具有可变宽度，因此这些选项不能用于选项卡。最好的情况是，我可以用 >--- 这样的恒定宽度字符串替换制表符，但这意味着如果我有一个 2 个字符的制表符，缩进最终会关闭。

有没有办法只显示前导选项卡，而不显示内联或尾随选项卡？

Answer 1

从 VIM 文档来看，VIM 可以区分前导空格和尾随空格，但不能区分前导制表符或尾随制表符。所以选项卡只是 VIM 的一个选项卡，用 tab:xy 表示。如果您同时定义了 space:c 和 trail:c，则前者将表示除尾随空格之外的所有空格，而横向表示尾随空格。

                        *'listchars'* *'lcs'*
'listchars' 'lcs'   string  (default "eol:$")
            global
            {not in Vi}
    Strings to use in 'list' mode and for the |:list| command.  It is a
    comma separated list of string settings.
                            *lcs-eol*
      eol:c     Character to show at the end of each line.  When
            omitted, there is no extra character at the end of the
            line.
                            *lcs-tab*
      tab:xy    Two characters to be used to show a tab.  The first
            char is used once.  The second char is repeated to
            fill the space that the tab normally occupies.
            "tab:>-" will show a tab that takes four spaces as
            ">---".  When omitted, a tab is show as ^I.
                            *lcs-space*
      space:c   Character to show for a space.  When omitted, spaces
            are left blank.
                            *lcs-trail*
      trail:c   Character to show for trailing spaces.  When omitted,
            trailing spaces are blank.  Overrides the "space"
            setting for trailing spaces.
                            *lcs-extends*
      extends:c Character to show in the last column, when 'wrap' is
            off and the line continues beyond the right of the
            screen.
                            *lcs-precedes*
      precedes:c    Character to show in the first column, when 'wrap'
            is off and there is text preceding the character
            visible in the first column.
                            *lcs-conceal*
      conceal:c Character to show in place of concealed text, when
            'conceallevel' is set to 1.
                            *lcs-nbsp*
      nbsp:c    Character to show for a non-breakable space character
            (0xA0 (160 decimal) and U+202F).  Left blank when
            omitted.

    The characters ':' and ',' should not be used.  UTF-8 characters can
    be used when 'encoding' is "utf-8", otherwise only printable
    characters are allowed.  All characters must be single width.

    Examples: >
        :set lcs=tab:>-,trail:-
        :set lcs=tab:>-,eol:<,nbsp:%
        :set lcs=extends:>,precedes:<
<   The "NonText" highlighting will be used for "eol", "extends" and
    "precedes".  "SpecialKey" for "nbsp", "space", "tab" and "trail".
    |hl-NonText| |hl-SpecialKey|

更好的方法可能是将 match 与 syntax 结合使用，例如::

highlight LeadingSpace ctermbg=red guibg=red
highlight TrailingSpace ctermbg=red guibg=red
highlight LeadingTab ctermbg=red guibg=green
highlight TrailingTab ctermbg=red guibg=green
call matchadd('LeadingSpace', '^\s\+', 80)
call matchadd('TrailingSpace', '\s\+$', 80)
call matchadd('LeadingTab', '^t\+', 99)    
call matchadd('TrailingTab', '\t\+$', 99)