r - 如何计算给定时间间隔内的小时数

Question

我有一个包含使用该服务的开始时间和结束时间的数据集。总共大约1000行。 我需要计算任何给定时间间隔内的小时数。

数据集:

   court_number       start_time         end_time  service
1:      court 2 2020-03-01 11:00:00 2020-03-01 12:30:00  booking
2:      court 3 2020-03-01 12:30:00 2020-03-01 13:30:00 coaching
3:      court 1 2020-03-01 11:00:00 2020-03-01 13:00:00  booking
4:      court 5 2020-03-01 12:00:00 2020-03-01 16:00:00  booking
5:      court 5 2020-03-01 16:30:00 2020-03-01 18:30:00 coaching

library(data.table)
dt <- data.table(court_number = c('court 2','court 3','court 1','court 5','court 5'),
            start_time = c('2020-03-01 11:00:00', '2020-03-01 12:30:00', '2020-03-01 11:00:00', '2020-03-01 12:00:00', '2020-03-01 16:30:00'),
            end_time = c('2020-03-01 12:30:00', '2020-03-01 13:30:00', '2020-03-01 13:00:00', '2020-03-01 16:00:00', '2020-03-01 18:30:00'),
            service = c('booking','coaching','booking','booking','coaching'))

例如，我想计算从“12:00”到“17:00”之间的小时数。 因此，我需要创建一个时间为 12 点到 17 点的专栏:

   court_number       start_time         end_time  service interval_12_17
1:      court 2 2020-03-01 11:00:00 2020-03-01 12:30:00  booking            0,5
2:      court 3 2020-03-01 12:30:00 2020-03-01 13:30:00 coaching              1
3:      court 1 2020-03-01 11:00:00 2020-03-01 13:00:00  booking              1
4:      court 5 2020-03-01 12:00:00 2020-03-01 16:00:00  booking              4
5:      court 5 2020-03-01 16:30:00 2020-03-01 18:30:00 coaching            0,5

我在 stackoverflow 上读到了很多类似的已解决问题，但由于我是 R 新手，所以它对我没有帮助 =)

Answer 1

我们将“time”列转换为 Datetime 类，获取“end_time”的“Time”的 pmin 的 difftime 以及“17:00:00”以及“start_time”和“12:00:00”的 pmax

library(dplyr)
library(lubridate)
library(data.table)
dt %>%
    mutate_at(vars(ends_with('time')), ymd_hms) %>% 
    mutate(interval_12_17 = difftime(pmin(as.ITime(end_time), 
           as.ITime("17:00:00")),
         pmax(as.ITime(start_time),as.ITime("12:00:00")), unit = 'hour'))
#   court_number          start_time            end_time  service interval_12_17
#1:      court 2 2020-03-01 11:00:00 2020-03-01 12:30:00  booking      0.5 hours
#2:      court 3 2020-03-01 12:30:00 2020-03-01 13:30:00 coaching      1.0 hours
#3:      court 1 2020-03-01 11:00:00 2020-03-01 13:00:00  booking      1.0 hours
#4:      court 5 2020-03-01 12:00:00 2020-03-01 16:00:00  booking      4.0 hours
#5:      court 5 2020-03-01 16:30:00 2020-03-01 18:30:00 coaching      0.5 hours

---

或者使用data.table

dt[, interval_12_17 := difftime(pmin(as.ITime(end_time), as.ITime("17:00:00")),
        pmax(as.ITime(start_time),as.ITime("12:00:00")), unit = 'hour')][]
#    court_number          start_time            end_time  service interval_12_17
#1:      court 2 2020-03-01 11:00:00 2020-03-01 12:30:00  booking      0.5 hours
#2:      court 3 2020-03-01 12:30:00 2020-03-01 13:30:00 coaching      1.0 hours
#3:      court 1 2020-03-01 11:00:00 2020-03-01 13:00:00  booking      1.0 hours
#4:      court 5 2020-03-01 12:00:00 2020-03-01 16:00:00  booking      4.0 hours
#5:      court 5 2020-03-01 16:30:00 2020-03-01 18:30:00 coaching      0.5 hours