ansible - 如何在 Ansible 中将 DEFAULT_HASH_BEHAVIOR 替换为 `group_vars`？

Question

Ansible 2.10.1 提供以下弃用警告:

[DEPRECATION WARNING]: DEFAULT_HASH_BEHAVIOUR option, This feature is fragile
and not portable, leading to continual confusion and misuse , use the ``combine``
filter explicitly instead. This feature will be removed in version 2.13.

我目前正在使用此设置来管理 group_vars 和 host_vars 是如何隐式合并的。所以我想知道如何为变量的隐式加载“明确地”做一些事情？是否有另一个更具体的 ansible 设置可用于此特定合并？或者这是否意味着我根本不能依赖 group_vars 和 host_vars 被隐式加载，而我必须自己明确地执行这些变量的包含和合并？或者是否还有其他方法可以实现非默认哈希行为，以便 ansible 方便地自动加载 group_vars？

Answer 1

Q: "How can I replace DEFAULT_HASH_BEHAVIOR for group_vars in Ansible?"

答:弃用警告说:“使用组合过滤器”。细节取决于用例。例如，让我们有库存

shell> cat hosts
[grp001]
srv001

[grp002]
srv002

[grp003]
srv001
srv002

group_vars

shell> cat group_vars/grp001.yml 
test_var:
    x: grp001
    y: grp001

shell> cat group_vars/grp002.yml 
test_var:
    x: grp002
    z: grp002

shell> cat group_vars/grp003.yml 
test_var:
    x: grp003

和剧本

shell> cat pb.yml
- hosts: srv001,srv002
  tasks:
    - debug:
        var: test_var

默认行为是替换变量

shell> ansible-playbook pb.yml

ok: [srv001] => {
    "test_var": {
        "x": "grp003"
    }
}
ok: [srv002] => {
    "test_var": {
        "x": "grp003"
    }
}

可选地，字典可以合并

shell> ANSIBLE_HASH_BEHAVIOUR=merge ansible-playbook pb.yml

ok: [srv001] => {
    "test_var": {
        "x": "grp003",
        "y": "grp001"
    }
}
ok: [srv002] => {
    "test_var": {
        "x": "grp003",
        "z": "grp002"
    }
}

---

没有可用的 DEFAULT_HASH_BEHAVIOR(在 2.13 中弃用)“使用组合过滤器”。例如，使用 group_names包含变量并显式组合字典

shell> cat pb.yml
- hosts: srv001,srv002
  tasks:
    - include_vars:
        file: "group_vars/{{ item }}.yml"
        name: "{{ item }}"
      loop: "{{ group_names }}"
    - set_fact:
        test_var: "{{ test_var|default({})|combine(item) }}"
      loop: "{{ group_names|
                map('extract', hostvars[inventory_hostname], 'test_var')|
                list }}"
    - debug:
        var: test_var

给予

shell> ansible-playbook pb.yml

ok: [srv002] => {
    "test_var": {
        "x": "grp003",
        "z": "grp002"
    }
}
ok: [srv001] => {
    "test_var": {
        "x": "grp003",
        "y": "grp001"
    }
}

---

<支持> 引用

• Merging dictionaries for "environment" parameter

• ansible_merge_vars: An action plugin for Ansible

• Thinking outside the box with Ansible