read.xlsx 和 colClasses

Question

有谁知道为什么争论colClasses似乎在 read.xlsx 中不起作用?

我创建了一个示例 *.xlsx 文件:

> library(xlsx)
> d1 = data.frame(A=LETTERS[1:3], B=letters[1:3], C=1:3, D=c(1.1, NA, NA))
> str(d1)
'data.frame':   3 obs. of  4 variables:
 $ A: Factor w/ 3 levels "A","B","C": 1 2 3
 $ B: Factor w/ 3 levels "a","b","c": 1 2 3
 $ C: int  1 2 3
 $ D: num  1.1 NA NA
> write.xlsx(d1, 'test.xlsx', sheetName='Sheet1', row.names=F, showNA=F)

然后尝试用 read.xlsx 阅读它, 不带和带 colClasses争论:

> d2 = read.xlsx('test.xlsx', sheetName='Sheet1')
> str(d2)
'data.frame':   3 obs. of  4 variables:
 $ A: Factor w/ 3 levels "A","B","C": 1 2 3
 $ B: Factor w/ 3 levels "a","b","c": 1 2 3
 $ C: num  1 2 3
 $ D: num  1.1 NA NA
> d2 = read.xlsx('test.xlsx', sheetName='Sheet1', colClasses=c(B='character', 'A'='character'))
> str(d2)
'data.frame':   3 obs. of  4 variables:
 $ A: Factor w/ 3 levels "A","B","C": 1 2 3
 $ B: Factor w/ 3 levels "a","b","c": 1 2 3
 $ C: num  1 2 3
 $ D: num  1.1 NA NA

问题是colClasses好像没有效果。有任何想法吗？

感谢您的帮助。

阿列克谢

附言我有 R 3.0.1，xlsx 0.5.1

Answer 1

colClasses=正在工作，但问题是在您的系统上，导入数据时的默认操作是将字符列转换为因子。

如果您导入 test.xlsx并将所有列设置为 "character" ，你会看到所有的列都是作为因子(也是数字)。

d2 = read.xlsx('test.xlsx', sheetName='Sheet1', colClasses=rep("character",4))
 str(d2)
'data.frame':   3 obs. of  4 variables:
 $ A: Factor w/ 3 levels "A","B","C": 1 2 3
 $ B: Factor w/ 3 levels "a","b","c": 1 2 3
 $ C: Factor w/ 3 levels "1","2","3": 1 2 3
 $ D: Factor w/ 1 level "1.1": 1 NA NA

为确保字符不会转换为因子，您可以添加参数 stringsAsFactors=FALSE功能 read.xlsx() .

d2 = read.xlsx('test.xlsx', sheetName='Sheet1', 
                colClasses=c(B='character', A='character'),stringsAsFactors=FALSE)

str(d2)
'data.frame':   3 obs. of  4 variables:
 $ A: chr  "A" "B" "C"
 $ B: chr  "a" "b" "c"
 $ C: num  1 2 3
 $ D: num  1.1 NA NA