新款SimpleMembershipProvider在 ASP.NET MVC4 中实现的 ASP.NET MVC4 允许对两个流行的 OpenID 提供者(谷歌和雅虎)和三个 OAuth 提供者(微软、Facebook、Twitter)提供简单的内置支持。
在 DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet.Clients 中实现的提供程序用于 SimpleMembershipProvider所有的身份服务都使用静态 URL --- 也就是说，所有用户都使用相同的众所周知的 URL 来访问提供者。用户的 OpenID 标识符与用于访问身份服务的 URL 是分开的。
例如，Google 的 OpenID 服务 URL 是 https://www.google.com/accounts/o8/id对于所有用户。
这适用于 SimpleMembershipProvider在 MVC4 中，身份提供者的 URL 需要在您的 MVC 应用程序启动时知道、保持不变并注册。
问题是，其他 OpenID 提供商通常使用用户唯一的 OpenID 标识符作为 URL 来访问身份服务。
例如，AOL 和 WordPress 使用 https://openid.aol.com/{username}和 https://{username}.wordpress.com ， 分别。
如果更换 SimpleMembershipProvider使用您自己的 ExtendedMembershipProvider 实现，然后您可以推出自己的提供程序实现，但是它不适用于 MVC4 Account开箱即用的 Controller 。
如何使用 SimpleMembershipProvider 实现新的 OpenID 依赖方，当提供者在 URL 中使用带有用户名的唯一标识符时？
最佳答案
我开发了以下适用于我的解决方案，我正在分享，以防它对其他人有所帮助，但我真的很想看看是否有更直接的方法或我缺少的“最佳实践”。
基本上，你需要实现一个 OpenIdClient用 ProviderIdentifier 初始化其 URL 包含关键字 __username__ .
在运行时，提供者名称和用户名被传递给 Account Controller ，其中提供者客户端是按名称选择的，用户名替换为 __username__将身份验证请求发送给提供者之前的关键字。
OpenID 客户端
Microsoft 贡献的 DotNetOpenAuth OpenID 提供程序类继承了基类 DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet.Clients.OpenIdClient ，它实现了 IAuthenticationClient OpenID 提供程序类所需的接口(interface)。从 source for the Google provider 开始因为它有一个直接的实现，自定义它以制作 GenericOpenIdClient使用自定义 URL 与提供程序一起使用的类。
要在运行时创建自定义 URL，我们将接受 OpenID 用户名作为 URI 片段，并替换 __username__ 的所有实例。在用户提交的用户名的 URL 中。 Providers 需要在应用程序启动时用 URL 注册，所以我们不能在知道用户名的情况下在运行时注册一个提供程序 URL。
我们将使用 OpenID Selector 向我们的 Account 提交表单。 Controller ExternalLogin与 provider 一起行动表单值设置为提供者名称和用户名，格式为 provider;{username} . OpenId Selector 具有内置逻辑来替换 {username} 的所有实例来自文本框的输入呈现给用户。在服务器端，我们将从用户名中分离提供者名称，从应用程序启动时注册的名称中查找提供者，并设置 GenericOpenIdClient.UserName属性为用户提交的用户名。
创建身份验证请求以发送到 OpenID 提供程序时，我们将检查 GenericOpenIdClient.UserName属性，如果设置，我们将在发送请求之前使用用户名重新创建提供者 URL。为此，我们需要覆盖 RequestAuthentication()使用我们的自定义 URL 创建身份验证请求的方法。 __username__用于代替 {username}这里是因为 {和 }不是主机名的有效字符，因此当我们需要将它们注册为通用提供程序标识符时，创建包含它们的 URL 会出现问题。
/GenericOpenIdClient.cs
namespace DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet.Clients
{
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web;
using System.Xml.Linq;
using DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId;
using DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId.Extensions.AttributeExchange;
using DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId.RelyingParty;
public class GenericOpenIdClient : OpenIdClient
{
#region Constants and Fields
/// <summary>
/// The openid relying party.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Pass null as applicationStore to specify dumb mode. Create a protected field to use internally; we can't access the private base class field.
/// </remarks>
protected static readonly OpenIdRelyingParty RelyingParty = new OpenIdRelyingParty(applicationStore: null);
/// <summary>
/// The provider identifier.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// Create a protected field to use internally; we can't access the private base class field.
/// </remarks>
protected readonly Identifier providerIdentifier;
#endregion
#region Constructors and Destructors
public GenericOpenIdClient(string providerName, Identifier providerIdentifier)
: base(providerName, providerIdentifier)
{
this.providerIdentifier = providerIdentifier; // initialize our internal field as well
}
#endregion
#region Public Properties
public String UserName { get; set; }
#endregion
#region Protected Properties
/// <summary>
/// The provider Identifier with the "__username__" keyword replaced with the value of the UserName property.
/// </summary>
protected Identifier ProviderIdentifier
{
get
{
var customIdentifier = String.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(this.UserName) ?
this.providerIdentifier :
Identifier.Parse(HttpUtility.UrlDecode(this.providerIdentifier).Replace("__username__", this.UserName));
return customIdentifier;
}
}
#endregion
#region Methods
/// <summary>
/// Gets the extra data obtained from the response message when authentication is successful.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="response">
/// The response message.
/// </param>
/// <returns>A dictionary of profile data; or null if no data is available.</returns>
protected override Dictionary<string, string> GetExtraData(IAuthenticationResponse response)
{
FetchResponse fetchResponse = response.GetExtension<FetchResponse>();
if (fetchResponse != null)
{
var extraData = new Dictionary<string, string>();
extraData.AddItemIfNotEmpty("email", fetchResponse.GetAttributeValue(WellKnownAttributes.Contact.Email));
extraData.AddItemIfNotEmpty("country", fetchResponse.GetAttributeValue(WellKnownAttributes.Contact.HomeAddress.Country));
extraData.AddItemIfNotEmpty("firstName", fetchResponse.GetAttributeValue(WellKnownAttributes.Name.First));
extraData.AddItemIfNotEmpty("lastName", fetchResponse.GetAttributeValue(WellKnownAttributes.Name.Last));
return extraData;
}
return null;
}
public override void RequestAuthentication(HttpContextBase context, Uri returnUrl)
{
var realm = new Realm(returnUrl.GetComponents(UriComponents.SchemeAndServer, UriFormat.Unescaped));
IAuthenticationRequest request = RelyingParty.CreateRequest(ProviderIdentifier, realm, returnUrl);
// give subclasses a chance to modify request message, e.g. add extension attributes, etc.
this.OnBeforeSendingAuthenticationRequest(request);
request.RedirectToProvider();
}
/// <summary>
/// Called just before the authentication request is sent to service provider.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="request">
/// The request.
/// </param>
protected override void OnBeforeSendingAuthenticationRequest(IAuthenticationRequest request)
{
// Attribute Exchange extensions
var fetchRequest = new FetchRequest();
fetchRequest.Attributes.AddRequired(WellKnownAttributes.Contact.Email);
fetchRequest.Attributes.AddOptional(WellKnownAttributes.Contact.HomeAddress.Country);
fetchRequest.Attributes.AddRequired(WellKnownAttributes.Name.First);
fetchRequest.Attributes.AddRequired(WellKnownAttributes.Name.Last);
request.AddExtension(fetchRequest);
}
#endregion
}
/// <summary>
/// The dictionary extensions.
/// </summary>
internal static class DictionaryExtensions
{
/// <summary>
/// Adds the value from an XDocument with the specified element name if it's not empty.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dictionary">
/// The dictionary.
/// </param>
/// <param name="document">
/// The document.
/// </param>
/// <param name="elementName">
/// Name of the element.
/// </param>
public static void AddDataIfNotEmpty(
this Dictionary<string, string> dictionary, XDocument document, string elementName)
{
var element = document.Root.Element(elementName);
if (element != null)
{
dictionary.AddItemIfNotEmpty(elementName, element.Value);
}
}
/// <summary>
/// Adds a key/value pair to the specified dictionary if the value is not null or empty.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="dictionary">
/// The dictionary.
/// </param>
/// <param name="key">
/// The key.
/// </param>
/// <param name="value">
/// The value.
/// </param>
public static void AddItemIfNotEmpty(this IDictionary<string, string> dictionary, string key, string value)
{
if (key == null)
{
throw new ArgumentNullException("key");
}
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(value))
{
dictionary[key] = value;
}
}
}
}
要注册 Microsoft 提供的新 DotNetOpenAuth 类中内置的提供程序，请取消对现有 Microsoft、Facebook、Twitter 和 Google 提供程序的注释，并添加一个调用以注册内置的 Yahoo 提供程序。我们即将实现的 OpenID 提供程序不需要 key ，但如果您想使用它们，则需要从 OAuth 提供程序(Microsoft、Facebook 和 Twitter)获取 key 。可以根据自己的喜好添加 OpenID Selector 包中可用的其他提供程序。
/App_Start/AuthConfig.cs
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using DotNetOpenAuth.AspNet.Clients;
using DotNetOpenAuth.OpenId.RelyingParty;
using Microsoft.Web.WebPages.OAuth;
using Mvc4ApplicationOpenAuth.Models;
namespace Mvc4ApplicationOpenAuth
{
public static class AuthConfig
{
public static void RegisterAuth()
{
// To let users of this site log in using their accounts from other sites such as Microsoft, Facebook, and Twitter,
// you must update this site. For more information visit http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkID=252166
//OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterMicrosoftClient(
// clientId: "",
// clientSecret: "");
//OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterTwitterClient(
// consumerKey: "",
// consumerSecret: "");
//OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterFacebookClient(
// appId: "",
// appSecret: "");
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterGoogleClient();
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterYahooClient();
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("Aol", "https://openid.aol.com/__username__"), "Aol", new Dictionary());
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("LiveJournal", "https://__username__.livejournal.com/"), "LiveJournal", new Dictionary());
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("WordPress", "https://__username__.wordpress.com/"), "WordPress", new Dictionary());
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("Blogger", "https://__username__.blogspot.com/"), "Blogger", new Dictionary());
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("VeriSign", "https://__username__.pip.verisignlabs.com/"), "VeriSign", new Dictionary());
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("ClaimID", "https://claimid.com/__username__"), "ClaimID", new Dictionary());
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("ClickPass", "https://clickpass.com/public/__username__"), "ClickPass", new Dictionary());
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("Google Profile", "https://www.google.com/profiles/__username__"), "Google Profile", new Dictionary());
OAuthWebSecurity.RegisterClient(new GenericOpenIdClient("MyOpenID", "https://__username__.myopenid.com/"), "MyOpenID", new Dictionary());
}
}
}
最后，我们需要解析提交给
Account 的提供者表单值。 Controller ExternalLogin OpenID 选择器的操作以检查“;”指示用户名存在的分隔符。如果是这样，那么我们解析出提供者名称和用户名。/Controllers/AccountController.cs
[HttpPost]
[AllowAnonymous]
[ValidateAntiForgeryToken]
public ActionResult ExternalLogin(string provider, string returnUrl)
{
if (provider.Contains(';'))
{
string[] providerParts = provider.Split(';');
if (providerParts.Length == 2)
{
AuthenticationClientData clientData;
if (OAuthWebSecurity.TryGetOAuthClientData(providerParts[0], out clientData))
{
var genericClient = clientData.AuthenticationClient as GenericOpenIdClient;
if (genericClient != null)
{
provider = providerParts[0];
genericClient.UserName = providerParts[1];
}
}
}
}
return new ExternalLoginResult(provider, Url.Action("ExternalLoginCallback", new { ReturnUrl = returnUrl }));
}
用户界面
使用开源 OpenID Selector，UI 实现变得更加容易。 Download OpenID Selector并定制它以与
OAuthWebSecurity 一起使用类。openid您的 Web 应用程序中的文件夹:/Content/openid css , images , images.large , 和 images.small文件夹从openid-selector下载到/Content/openid文件夹，然后包括项目中的文件。
js文件夹，复制 openid-jquery.js和 openid-en.js到您的网络应用程序的 /Scripts文件夹，然后包含您的项目文件。 openid-en.js文件并对其进行自定义，以便提供程序 URL 是您将在
AuthConfig.cs 中添加的提供商名称文件。为了具有自定义 URL 的提供程序，使用格式
Provider;{username} :/Scripts/openid-en.js
var providers_large = {
google : {
name : 'Google',
url : 'Google'
},
facebook : {
name : 'Facebook',
url : 'Facebook',
},
twitter: {
name: 'Twitter',
url: 'Twitter'
},
microsoft : {
name : 'Microsoft',
url : 'Microsoft'
},
yahoo : {
name : 'Yahoo',
url : 'Yahoo'
},
aol : {
name : 'Aol',
label : 'Enter your Aol screenname.',
url : 'Aol;{username}'
}
};
var providers_small = {
livejournal: {
name : 'LiveJournal',
label : 'Enter your Livejournal username.',
url: 'LiveJournal;{username}'
},
wordpress : {
name : 'WordPress',
label : 'Enter your WordPress.com username.',
url: 'WordPress;{username}'
},
blogger : {
name : 'Blogger',
label : 'Your Blogger account',
url: 'Blogger;{username}'
},
verisign : {
name : 'VeriSign',
label : 'Your VeriSign username',
url: 'VeriSign;{username}'
},
claimid : {
name : 'ClaimID',
label : 'Your ClaimID username',
url: 'ClaimID;{username}'
},
clickpass : {
name : 'ClickPass',
label : 'Enter your ClickPass username',
url: 'ClickPass;{username}'
},
google_profile : {
name : 'Google Profile',
label : 'Enter your Google Profile username',
url: 'Google Profile;{username}'
},
myopenid: {
name: 'MyOpenID',
label: 'Enter your MyOpenID username.',
url: 'MyOpenID;{username}'
}
};
openid.locale = 'en';
openid.sprite = 'en'; // reused in german& japan localization
openid.demo_text = 'In client demo mode. Normally would have submitted OpenID:';
openid.signin_text = 'Log in';
openid.image_title = 'Log in with {provider}';
openid.no_sprite = true;
openid.img_path = '/Content/openid/images/';
OpenID 选择器不附带适用于 Microsoft 或 Twitter 的图像，因此请下载您最喜欢的 Microsoft和 Twitter (蓝底白字)徽标，将它们转换为 100x60 像素的 GIF，然后将它们放入
/Content/openid/images.large文件夹。阅读 OpenID 选择器中的说明 README.txt如果要使用单个 Sprite 图像而不是单独的图像。套装openid.no_sprite = false;在 openid-en.js如果你使用 Sprite 。将 JS 和 CSS 文件注册为新包。开通
/App_Start/BundleConfig.cs并在 RegisterBundles() 中添加以下脚本和样式包方法。/App_Start/BundleConfig.cs
bundles.Add(new ScriptBundle("~/bundles/openid").Include(
"~/Scripts/openid-jquery.js",
"~/Scripts/openid-en.js"));
bundles.Add(new StyleBundle("~/Content/css/openid").Include("~/Content/openid/css/openid-shadow.css"));
我更喜欢 OpenID 选择器的“影子”风格，所以我选择只使用
openid-shadow.css CSS 文件并自定义以下类以在 MVC4 登录模板中工作。/Content/css/openid/openid-shadow.css
/*#openid_form {
width: 590px;
}*/
#openid_highlight {
padding: 0px;
background-color: #FFFCC9;
float: left;
border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
}
.openid_large_btn {
width: 100px;
height: 60px;
/* fix for IE 6 only: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CSS_filter#Underscore_hack */
_width: 104px;
_height: 64px;
border: 2px solid #DDD;
border-right: 2px solid #ccc;
border-bottom: 2px solid #ccc;
margin: 3px;
padding: 3px;
float: left;
border-radius: 5px;
-moz-border-radius: 5px;
-webkit-border-radius: 5px;
box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px #ddd;
-moz-box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px #ddd;
-webkit-box-shadow: 2px 2px 4px #ddd;
}
.openid_large_btn:hover {
margin: 4px 3px 3px 6px;
padding: 2px 3px 3px 0px;
border: 2px solid #999;
box-shadow: none;
-moz-box-shadow: none;
-webkit-box-shadow: none;
}
创建一个通用位置以将 CSS 脚本添加到页面的
<head>标签，添加 head <head>底部的部分标签。/Views/Shared/_Layout.cshtml
<head>
<meta charset="utf-8" />
<title>@ViewBag.Title - My ASP.NET MVC Application</title>
<link href="~/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" />
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width" />
@Styles.Render("~/Content/css")
@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/modernizr")
@RenderSection("head", false)
</head>
然后，在
/Views/Account/Login.cshtml文件，自定义 Login通过将我们之前注册的 OpenID 包添加到页面底部的相应部分来查看。/Views/Account/Login.cshtml
<section class="social" id="socialLoginForm">
@Html.Action("ExternalLoginsList", new { ReturnUrl = ViewBag.ReturnUrl })
</section>
@section Head {
@Styles.Render("~/Content/css/openid")
}
@section Scripts {
@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/jqueryval")
@Scripts.Render("~/bundles/openid")
<script type="text/javascript">
$(function () {
openid.init('provider');
});
</script>
}
UI 的最后一个元素涉及替换默认值
ExternalLogin带有 OpenID 选择器表单的表单。/Views/Account/_ExternalLoginsListPartial.cshtml
using (Html.BeginForm("ExternalLogin", "Account", new { ReturnUrl = ViewBag.ReturnUrl }, FormMethod.Post, new { id = "openid_form" }))
{
@Html.AntiForgeryToken()
<input type="hidden" name="action" value="verify" />
<h2>Use another service to log in.</h2>
<br />
<fieldset id="socialLoginList">
<legend></legend>
<div id="openid_choice">
<div id="openid_btns"></div>
</div>
<div id="openid_input_area">
<input id="provider" name="provider" type="text" value="" />
<input id="openid_submit" type="submit" value="Log in"/>
</div>
<noscript>
<p>OpenID is service that allows you to log-on to many different websites using a single indentity. Find out <a href="http://openid.net/what/">more about OpenID</a> and <a href="http://openid.net/get/">how to get an OpenID enabled account</a>.</p>
</noscript>
</fieldset>
}
关于asp.net-mvc - 如何在 ASP.NET MVC4 中使用具有唯一标识符 URL 的 OpenID 提供程序，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12878441/