cloud - 云、网格和集群有什么区别？

Question

云、集群和网格之间有什么区别？请分别举一些例子，因为云的定义非常广泛。正如另一个回答question ，我可以将 Dropbox、Gmail、Facebook、Youtube、Rapidshare 等称为云吗？

集群和网格的例子是什么？

Answer 1

集群与云和网格的不同之处在于，集群是通过局域网(LAN)连接的一组计算机，而云和网格的规模更大，并且可以在地理上分布。另一种说法是集群是紧耦合的，而网格或云是松耦合的。此外，集群由具有相似硬件的机器组成，而云和网格则由具有可能非常不同的硬件配置的机器组成。

要了解更多有关云计算的信息，我建议阅读这篇论文: «Above the Clouds: A Berkeley View of Cloud Computing», Michael Armbrust, Armando Fox, Rean Griffith, Anthony D. Joseph, Randy H. Katz, Andrew Konwinski, Gunho Lee, David A. Patterson, Ariel Rabkin, Ion Stoica and Matei Zaharia 。以下是上述论文的摘要:

Cloud Computing refers to both the applications delivered as services over the Internet and the hardware and systems software in the datacenters that provide those services. The services themselves have long been referred to as Software as a Service (SaaS). The datacenter hardware and software is what we call a Cloud. When a Cloud is made available in a pay-as-you-go manner to the general public, we call it a Public Cloud; the service being sold is Utility Computing. We use the term Private Cloud to refer to internal datacenters of a business or other organization, not made available to the general public. Thus, Cloud Computing is the sum of SaaS and Utility Computing, but does not include Private Clouds. People can be users or providers of SaaS, or users or providers of Utility Computing.

云和网格之间的区别可以表达如下:

1. 资源分布:云计算是一种集中式模型，而网格计算是一种分散式模型，其中计算可以在许多管理域中进行。

2. 所有权:网格是由多个地点的多方拥有并连接在一起的计算机集合，以便用户可以共享资源的综合能力。而云是通常由一方拥有的计算机的集合。

云示例:Amazon Web Services (AWS)、Google App Engine。

网格示例:FutureGrid。

云计算服务示例:Dropbox、Gmail、Facebook、Youtube、RapidShare。