ios - Opengl ES png 纹理渲染为黑色

Question

我只是想将全屏 .png 作为纹理绘制到 openGL 中。但是，我遇到了黑屏。我的代码可以很好地处理 jpeg，所以我只能假设这是透明度问题。

这是一个 png 示例，它不适用于:http://cl.ly/e5x4 (虽然它是不透明的，但它仍然不呈现)(不，它需要是一个 .png)

这是我的代码:

glView.m

struct vertex {
    float position[3];
    float color[4];
    float texCoord[2];
};

typedef struct vertex vertex;

const vertex vertices[] = {
    {{1, -1, 0}, {0, 167.0/255.0, 253.0/255.0, 1}, {1, 0}}, // BR (0)
    {{1, 1, 0}, {0, 222.0/255.0, 1.0, 1}, {1, 1}}, // TR (1)
    {{-1, 1, 0}, {0, 222.0/255.0, 1.0, 1}, {0, 1}}, // TL (2)
    {{-1, -1, 0}, {0, 167.0/255.0, 253.0/255.0, 1}, {0, 0}}, // BL (3)
};

const GLubyte indicies[] = {
    0, 1, 2,
    0, 3, 2
};

@implementation glView {
    EAGLContext* context;

    GLuint positionSlot, colorSlot, textureCoordSlot;

    GLuint texture, textureUniform;

    GLuint vertexBuffer, indexBuffer;

}

-(GLuint) compileShader:(NSString*)shaderName withType:(GLenum)shaderType {

    NSString* shaderPath = [[NSBundle mainBundle] pathForResource:shaderName ofType:@"glsl"];
    NSError* err;

    NSString* shaderString = [NSString stringWithContentsOfFile:shaderPath encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding error:&err];

    NSAssert(shaderString, @"Failed to load shader string: %@", err.localizedDescription);

    GLuint shaderHandle = glCreateShader(shaderType);

    const char* shaderStringUTF8 = [shaderString UTF8String];
    int shaderStringLength = (int)[shaderString length];
    glShaderSource(shaderHandle, 1, &shaderStringUTF8, &shaderStringLength);

    glCompileShader(shaderHandle);

    GLint compileSuccess;
    glGetShaderiv(shaderHandle, GL_COMPILE_STATUS, &compileSuccess);

    if (compileSuccess == GL_FALSE) {
        GLchar messages[256];
        glGetShaderInfoLog(shaderHandle, sizeof(messages), 0, &messages[0]);
        NSString* messageString = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:messages];
        NSLog(@"%@", messageString);
        @throw NSInternalInconsistencyException;
    }

    return shaderHandle;
}

-(void) complileShaders {

    GLuint vertexShader = [self compileShader:@"vertexShader" withType:GL_VERTEX_SHADER];
    GLuint fragmentShader = [self compileShader:@"fragmentShader" withType:GL_FRAGMENT_SHADER];

    GLuint programHandle = glCreateProgram();
    glAttachShader(programHandle, vertexShader);
    glAttachShader(programHandle, fragmentShader);
    glLinkProgram(programHandle);

    GLint linkSuccess;
    glGetProgramiv(programHandle, GL_LINK_STATUS, &linkSuccess);
    if (linkSuccess == GL_FALSE) {
        GLchar messages[256];
        glGetProgramInfoLog(programHandle, sizeof(messages), 0, &messages[0]);
        NSString* messageString = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:messages];
        NSLog(@"%@", messageString);
        @throw NSInternalInconsistencyException;
    }

    glUseProgram(programHandle);
    positionSlot = glGetAttribLocation(programHandle, "position");
    colorSlot = glGetAttribLocation(programHandle, "sourceColor");
    textureCoordSlot = glGetAttribLocation(programHandle, "texCoordIn");
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(positionSlot);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(colorSlot);
    glEnableVertexAttribArray(textureCoordSlot);

    textureUniform = glGetUniformLocation(programHandle, "tex");

}

-(instancetype) initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame {
    if (self = [super initWithFrame:frame]) {

        self.layer.opaque = YES;

        // Setup context
        context = [[EAGLContext alloc] initWithAPI:kEAGLRenderingAPIOpenGLES2];

        NSAssert(context, @"Failed to initialise context.");
        NSAssert([EAGLContext setCurrentContext:context], @"Failed to set the current context.");

        // Setup render buffer
        GLuint colorBuffer;
        glGenRenderbuffers(1, &colorBuffer);
        glBindRenderbuffer(GL_RENDERBUFFER, colorBuffer);
        [context renderbufferStorage:GL_RENDERBUFFER fromDrawable:self.layer];

        // Setup frame buffer
        GLuint frameBuffer;
        glGenFramebuffers(1, &frameBuffer);
        glBindFramebuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, frameBuffer);
        glFramebufferRenderbuffer(GL_FRAMEBUFFER, GL_COLOR_ATTACHMENT0, GL_RENDERBUFFER, colorBuffer);

        // Setup vertex buffer
        glGenBuffers(1, &vertexBuffer);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer);
        glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(vertices), vertices, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

        // Setup index buffer
        glGenBuffers(1, &indexBuffer);
        glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indexBuffer);
        glBufferData(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(indicies), indicies, GL_STATIC_DRAW);

        [self complileShaders];

        glEnable(GL_TEXTURE_2D);
        glEnable(GL_BLEND);
        glBlendFunc(GL_ONE, GL_SRC_COLOR);


        texture = [self loadTexture:@"justapng.png"];

        [self render];

    }
    return self;
}

-(GLuint) loadTexture:(NSString*)fileName {

    UIImage* textureImage = [UIImage imageNamed:fileName];
    NSAssert1(textureImage, @"Unable to load texture %@.", fileName);

    return [self loadTextureFromImage:textureImage];
}

-(GLuint) loadTextureFromImage:(UIImage*)image {

    CGImageRef textureImage = image.CGImage;

    size_t width = CGImageGetWidth(textureImage);
    size_t height = CGImageGetHeight(textureImage);

    GLubyte* spriteData = (GLubyte*) malloc(width*height*4);


    CGColorSpaceRef cs = CGImageGetColorSpace(textureImage);
    CGContextRef c = CGBitmapContextCreate(spriteData, width, height, 8, width*4, cs, kCGImageAlphaPremultipliedLast | kCGBitmapByteOrder32Big);
    CGColorSpaceRelease(cs);

    CGContextDrawImage(c, (CGRect){CGPointZero, {width, height}}, textureImage);
    CGContextRelease(c);

    GLuint glTex;
    glGenTextures(1, &glTex);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, glTex);

    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);
    glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_LINEAR);

    glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0, GL_RGBA, (int)width, (int)height, 0, GL_RGBA, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, spriteData);

    free(spriteData);

    return glTex;
}

-(void) render {
    glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);

    glViewport(0, 0, self.frame.size.width, self.frame.size.height);

    glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexBuffer);
    glBindBuffer(GL_ELEMENT_ARRAY_BUFFER, indexBuffer);

    glActiveTexture(GL_TEXTURE0);
    glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_2D, texture);
    glUniform1i(textureUniform, 0);

    glVertexAttribPointer(positionSlot, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(vertex), 0);
    glVertexAttribPointer(colorSlot, 4, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(vertex), (GLvoid*)(sizeof(float)*3));
    glVertexAttribPointer(textureCoordSlot, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, sizeof(vertex), (GLvoid*)(sizeof(float)*7));


    glDrawElements(GL_TRIANGLES, sizeof(indicies)/sizeof(indicies[0]), GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, 0);


    [context presentRenderbuffer:GL_RENDERBUFFER];
}


@end

vertexShader.glsl

attribute vec4 position;

attribute vec4 sourceColor;
varying vec4 destinationColor;

attribute vec2 texCoordIn;
varying vec2 texCoordOut;


void main() {
    destinationColor = sourceColor;
    gl_Position = position;
    texCoordOut = texCoordIn;
}

fragmentShader.glsl

varying lowp vec4 destinationColor;

varying lowp vec2 texCoordOut;
uniform sampler2D tex;

void main() {
    gl_FragColor = destinationColor*texture2D(tex, texCoordOut);
}

很抱歉转储了所有这些代码，但我不确定问题出在哪里。关于我做错了什么有什么想法吗？

Answer 1

这似乎是经典的非二次幂问题(例如，参见 Android OpenGL2.0 showing black textures )。您链接的纹理是 1005x335。

OpenGL ES 2.0 规范仅允许 NPOT 纹理与 glTexParameteriv(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_WRAP_S/T, GL_CLAMP_TO_EDGE) 一起“完成”。各种扩展允许 NPOT 纹理，但是，您的设备不一定支持这些，如果您获得黑色纹理，则可能不支持。如果纹理不完整，则根据规范将其采样为黑色。