java - 模拟封装集合的对象

Question

我想知道如何检查方法是否返回封装某个集合的容器，该集合是模拟对象返回的多个其他容器的聚合。也就是说，它包含各个容器的所有元素。我在其他地方有一些测试来检查容器“是否有效”(add/addAll/etc)，所以我知道这是有效的，但我不确定如何进行“createsRoadUsersAccordingToAllAddedCreators”下面的测试。

我有一个 RoadUserCreationDaemon 类，我称之为 create ，它根据添加的 RoadUserCreator 返回一个 RoadUserContainer 。简化版本:

public class RoadUserCreationDaemon {

    private SimulationManager simulationManager;
    private List<RoadUserCreator> roadUserCreators;

    public RoadUserCreationDaemon(SimulationManager simulationManager) {
        this.simulationManager = simulationManager;
        roadUserCreators = new ArrayList<RoadUserCreator>();
    }

    public void addRoadUserCreator(RoadUserCreator roadUserCreator) {
        roadUserCreators.add(roadUserCreator);
    }

    public RoadUserContainer createRoadUsers() {
        RoadUserContainer roadUsers = new RoadUserContainerImpl(); 
        for (RoadUserCreator creator : roadUserCreators) {
            roadUsers.addAll(createRoadUsers(creator));
        }
        return roadUsers;
    }

    public RoadUserContainer createRoadUsers(
            RoadUserCreator roadUserCreator) {
        return roadUserCreator.create();
    }
}

我首先为 createRoadUsers 编写一个测试(JUnit4/JMock2.5.1)，它返回一个带有提供的创建者的 RoadUserContainer。然后我开始为非参数化的 createRoadUsers 编写一个测试，看看它是否返回一个包含创建者返回的各个容器的所有元素的容器:

@RunWith(JMock.class)
public class TestRoadUserCreationDaemon {
    Mockery context = new JUnit4Mockery();      
    private RoadUserCreationDaemon daemon;      
    private RoadUserCreator roadUserCreator;    
    private SimulationManager simulationManager;        
    private RoadUserContainer createdRoadUsers;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        simulationManager = context.mock(SimulationManager.class);
        daemon = new RoadUserCreationDaemon(simulationManager);

        roadUserCreator = context.mock(RoadUserCreator.class);
        createdRoadUsers = context.mock(RoadUserContainer.class);
    }       

    @Test
    public void createsRoadUsersAccordingToAllAddedCreators() throws Exception {
        final RoadUserCreator anotherRoadUserCreator = context.mock(RoadUserCreator.class, "anotherRUC");
        final RoadUserContainer moreCreatedRoadUsers = context.mock(RoadUserContainer.class, "moreCRU");
        context.checking(new Expectations() {{
            oneOf (roadUserCreator).create(); will(returnValue(createdRoadUsers));
            oneOf (anotherRoadUserCreator).create(); will(returnValue(moreCreatedRoadUsers));

            oneOf (createdRoadUsers).roadUsersAsList();
            oneOf (moreCreatedRoadUsers).roadUsersAsList();
        }});

        daemon.addRoadUserCreator(roadUserCreator);
        daemon.addRoadUserCreator(anotherRoadUserCreator);
        daemon.createRoadUsers();

        //how to easily check that the two lists are equivilant - have same items, but not the same object?
        //assertEquals(createdRoadUsers, daemon.createRoadUsers() );
    }

    @Test
    public void createsRoadUsersAccordingToCreator() throws Exception {

        context.checking(new Expectations() {{
            oneOf (roadUserCreator).create(); will(returnValue(createdRoadUsers));
        }});
        assertEquals(createdRoadUsers, daemon.createRoadUsers(roadUserCreator));
    }
}

正如评论所说......我不知道如何以不丑陋的方式进行。

“RoadUserContainer”接口(interface):

public interface RoadUserContainer extends Iterable<RoadUser> {
    public void add(RoadUser roadUser);
    public Iterator<RoadUser> iterator();
    public void addAll(RoadUserContainer createRoadUsers);
    public List<RoadUser> roadUsersAsList();
    public boolean equals(RoadUserContainer otherContainer);
    ...
}

我是 TDD 和模拟的新手，这是我 6 年来的第一个 Java 项目，所以请随意评论辅助美学!

Answer 1

我最初可能会使用真实的容器并模拟其他对象。然后使用hamcrest询问结果对象。

我想要创建的测试看起来像这样:

final RoadUser roadUser0 = context.mock(RoadUser.class, "roadUser0");
final RoadUser roadUser1 = context.mock(RoadUser.class, "roadUser1");
final RoadUser roadUser2 = context.mock(RoadUser.class, "roadUser2");

final RoadUserCreator roadUserCreator0 = context.mock(RoadUserCreator.class, "roadUserCreator0");
final RoadUserCreator roadUserCreator1 = context.mock(RoadUserCreator.class, "roadUserCreator1");

final RoadUserCreationDaemon daemon = new RoadUserCreationDaemon(null);
daemon.addRoadUserCreator(roadUserCreator0);
daemon.addRoadUserCreator(roadUserCreator1);        

context.checking(new Expectations() {{
    oneOf(roadUserCreator0).create(); will(returnValue(roadUsers(roadUser0, roadUser1)));
    oneOf(roadUserCreator1).create(); will(returnValue(roadUsers(roadUser2)));
}});

assertThat(daemon.createRoadUsers(), contains(roadUser0, roadUser1, roadUser2));

您将需要从 hamcrest 导入这些内容:

import static org.hamcrest.MatcherAssert.assertThat;
import static org.hamcrest.Matchers.contains;

如果顺序不重要，您可以使用 containsInAnyOrder 而不是 contains

您还需要创建实用方法“roadUsers”

public static RoadUserContainer roadUsers(final RoadUser... roadUsers)
{
    return new RoadUserContainerImpl(roadUsers);
}

---

另一种设计是更改 RoadUserCreationDaemon 的界面

public void createRoadUsers(final RoadUserContainer roadUsers) {
    for (final RoadUserCreator roadUserCreator : roadUserCreators) {
        roadUsers.addAll(roadUserCreator.create());
    }
}

然后你可以像这样编写测试:

final RoadUserContainer roadUserContainer0 = context.mock(RoadUserContainer.class, "roadUserContainer0");
final RoadUserContainer roadUserContainer1 = context.mock(RoadUserContainer.class, "roadUserContainer1");

final RoadUserContainer resultRoadUserContainer = context.mock(RoadUserContainer.class, "resultRoadUserContainer");

final RoadUserCreator roadUserCreator0 = context.mock(RoadUserCreator.class, "roadUserCreator0");
final RoadUserCreator roadUserCreator1 = context.mock(RoadUserCreator.class, "roadUserCreator1");

final RoadUserCreationDaemon daemon = new RoadUserCreationDaemon(null);
daemon.addRoadUserCreator(roadUserCreator0);
daemon.addRoadUserCreator(roadUserCreator1);

context.checking(new Expectations() {
    {
        oneOf(roadUserCreator0).create();
        will(returnValue(roadUserContainer0));
        oneOf(roadUserCreator1).create();
        will(returnValue(roadUserContainer1));

        oneOf(resultRoadUserContainer).addAll(roadUserContainer0);
        oneOf(resultRoadUserContainer).addAll(roadUserContainer1);
    }
});

daemon.createRoadUsers(resultRoadUserContainer);

如果调用“addAll”的顺序很重要，您可以使用 jmock sequence