python - 绘图标签位于 tkinter Canvas 上的图形之外

Question

我想让我的绘图适合图形的大小，其中包括 x 轴和 y 轴的标签。问题是标签被缩放推到了图形之外。

因为我同时处理多个帧，所以绘图具有预定义的大小很重要。我试图使代码尽可能短，只保留代码的本质。

在代码中，tkinter 中有多个实时绘图，都有自己的框架，但属于同一类。

import matplotlib 
import matplotlib.animation as animation
matplotlib.use("TkAgg")
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, 
NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import matplotlib as plt
import tkinter as tk 
from tkinter import ttk
from math import *

figure_1 = Figure(figsize=(4,2.5), dpi=100)
a1 = figure_1.add_subplot(111)
figure_2 = Figure(figsize=(4,2.5), dpi=100)
a2 = figure_2.add_subplot(111)

x_value_1 =[]
y_value_1 =[]
x_value_2 =[]
y_value_2 =[]

var =tk.Tk()

def plot_1_xy(i):

     x_value_1.append(i)
     z=sin(pi*x_value_1[i]/9)
     y_value_1.append(z)

     a1.clear()
     a1.plot(x_value_1,y_value_1)
     a1.set_xlabel('X Label')
     a1.set_ylabel('Y Label')

def plot_2_xy(i):
     x_value_2.append(i)
     y_value_2. append(500*sin((1/14)*pi*i))

     a2.clear()
     a2.plot(x_value_2,y_value_2)
     a2.set_xlabel('X Label')
     a2.set_ylabel('Y Label')

class Question_online():
     def __init__(self,master):
     self.frame = tk.Frame(master)
     plot_frame(self.frame,0)
     plot_frame(self.frame,1)
     self.frame.pack()


class plot_frame(tk.Frame):
    def __init__(self,root,j=0):
        self.j = j

        self.figure_name = [figure_1,figure_2]

        self.frame = tk.Frame(root)
        self.canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(self.figure_name[j], self.frame)
        self.canvas.show()
        self.canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, 
             expand=True)

        self.canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=1)
        self.frame.pack()

 c = Question_online(var)
 ani = animation.FuncAnimation(figure_1,plot_1_xy,interval=500)
 ani1 = animation.FuncAnimation(figure_2,plot_2_xy,interval=500)
 var.mainloop()

Answer 1

您可以在每次图形更新时调用 Figure 的 tight_layout() 方法以确保显示您的标签:

def plot_1_xy(i):
    x_value_1.append(i)
    z=sin(pi*x_value_1[i]/9)
    y_value_1.append(z)
    a1.clear()
    a1.plot(x_value_1,y_value_1)
    a1.set_xlabel('X Label')
    a1.set_ylabel('Y Label')
    figure_1.tight_layout()

def plot_2_xy(i):
    x_value_2.append(i)
    y_value_2. append(500*sin((1/14)*pi*i))
    a2.clear()
    a2.plot(x_value_2,y_value_2)
    a2.set_xlabel('X Label')
    a2.set_ylabel('Y Label')
    figure_2.tight_layout()