我已经看过其他帖子，似乎和我有同样的问题，但我的问题还没有解决......
我正在尝试提取域名列表的 Google 页面排名，在本例中为“domain_list”。下面是我正在使用的代码。我不断收到此错误，但无法真正找出其根本原因。
import struct
import sys
import urllib
import urllib2
import httplib
import re
import xml.etree.ElementTree
domain_list = open('/data/personal/samaneh/test.txt','r')
class RankProvider(object):
"""Abstract class for obtaining the page rank (popularity)
from a provider such as Google or Alexa.
"""
def __init__(self, host, proxy=None, timeout=30):
"""Keyword arguments:
host -- toolbar host address
proxy -- address of proxy server. Default: None
timeout -- how long to wait for a response from the server.
Default: 30 (seconds)
"""
self._opener = urllib2.build_opener()
if proxy:
self._opener.add_handler(urllib2.ProxyHandler({"http": proxy}))
self._host = host
self._timeout = timeout
def get_rank(self, url):
"""Get the page rank for the specified URL
Keyword arguments:
url -- get page rank for url
"""
raise NotImplementedError("You must override get_rank()")
class AlexaTrafficRank(RankProvider):
""" Get the Alexa Traffic Rank for a URL
"""
def __init__(self, host="xml.alexa.com", proxy=None, timeout=30):
"""Keyword arguments:
host -- toolbar host address: Default: joolbarqueries.google.com
proxy -- address of proxy server (if required). Default: None
timeout -- how long to wait for a response from the server.
Default: 30 (seconds)
"""
super(AlexaTrafficRank, self).__init__(host, proxy, timeout)
def get_rank(self, url):
"""Get the page rank for the specified URL
Keyword arguments:
url -- get page rank for url
"""
query = "http://%s/data?%s" % (self._host, urllib.urlencode((
("cli", 10),
("dat", "nsa"),
("ver", "quirk-searchstatus"),
("uid", "20120730094100"),
("userip", "192.168.0.1"),
("url", url))))
response = self._opener.open(query, timeout=self._timeout)
if response.getcode() == httplib.OK:
data = response.read()
element = xml.etree.ElementTree.fromstring(data)
for e in element.find("SD"):
popularity = e.find("POPULARITY")
if popularity is not None:
return int(popularity.get("TEXT"))
class GooglePageRank(RankProvider):
""" Get the google page rank figure using the toolbar API.
Credits to the author of the WWW::Google::PageRank CPAN package
as I ported that code to Python.
"""
def __init__(self, host="toolbarqueries.google.com", proxy=None, timeout=30):
"""Keyword arguments:
host -- toolbar host address: Default: toolbarqueries.google.com
proxy -- address of proxy server (if required). Default: None
timeout -- how long to wait for a response from the server.
Default: 30 (seconds)
"""
super(GooglePageRank, self).__init__(host, proxy, timeout)
self._opener.addheaders = [("User-agent", "Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; \
GoogleToolbar 2.0.111-big; Windows XP 5.1)")]
def get_rank(self, url):
# calculate the hash which is required as part of the get
# request sent to the toolbarqueries url.
ch = '6' + str(self._compute_ch_new("info:%s" % (url)))
query = "http://%s/tbr?%s" % (self._host, urllib.urlencode((
("client", "navclient-auto"),
("ch", ch),
("ie", "UTF-8"),
("oe", "UTF-8"),
("features", "Rank"),
("q", "info:%s" % (url)))))
response = self._opener.open(query, timeout=self._timeout)
if response.getcode() == httplib.OK:
data = response.read()
match = re.match("Rank_\d+:\d+:(\d+)", data)
if match:
rank = match.group(1)
return int(rank)
@classmethod
def _compute_ch_new(cls, url):
ch = cls._compute_ch(url)
ch = ((ch % 0x0d) & 7) | ((ch / 7) << 2);
return cls._compute_ch(struct.pack("<20L", *(cls._wsub(ch, i * 9) for i in range(20))))
@classmethod
def _compute_ch(cls, url):
url = struct.unpack("%dB" % (len(url)), url)
a = 0x9e3779b9
b = 0x9e3779b9
c = 0xe6359a60
k = 0
length = len(url)
while length >= 12:
a = cls._wadd(a, url[k+0] | (url[k+1] << 8) | (url[k+2] << 16) | (url[k+3] << 24));
b = cls._wadd(b, url[k+4] | (url[k+5] << 8) | (url[k+6] << 16) | (url[k+7] << 24));
c = cls._wadd(c, url[k+8] | (url[k+9] << 8) | (url[k+10] << 16) | (url[k+11] << 24));
a, b, c = cls._mix(a, b, c)
k += 12
length -= 12
c = cls._wadd(c, len(url));
if length > 10: c = cls._wadd(c, url[k+10] << 24)
if length > 9: c = cls._wadd(c, url[k+9] << 16)
if length > 8: c = cls._wadd(c, url[k+8] << 8)
if length > 7: b = cls._wadd(b, url[k+7] << 24)
if length > 6: b = cls._wadd(b, url[k+6] << 16)
if length > 5: b = cls._wadd(b, url[k+5] << 8)
if length > 4: b = cls._wadd(b, url[k+4])
if length > 3: a = cls._wadd(a, url[k+3] << 24)
if length > 2: a = cls._wadd(a, url[k+2] << 16)
if length > 1: a = cls._wadd(a, url[k+1] << 8)
if length > 0: a = cls._wadd(a, url[k])
a, b, c = cls._mix(a, b, c);
# integer is always positive
return c
@classmethod
def _mix(cls, a, b, c):
a = cls._wsub(a, b); a = cls._wsub(a, c); a ^= c >> 13;
b = cls._wsub(b, c); b = cls._wsub(b, a); b ^= (a << 8) % 4294967296;
c = cls._wsub(c, a); c = cls._wsub(c, b); c ^= b >>13;
a = cls._wsub(a, b); a = cls._wsub(a, c); a ^= c >> 12;
b = cls._wsub(b, c); b = cls._wsub(b, a); b ^= (a << 16) % 4294967296;
c = cls._wsub(c, a); c = cls._wsub(c, b); c ^= b >> 5;
a = cls._wsub(a, b); a = cls._wsub(a, c); a ^= c >> 3;
b = cls._wsub(b, c); b = cls._wsub(b, a); b ^= (a << 10) % 4294967296;
c = cls._wsub(c, a); c = cls._wsub(c, b); c ^= b >> 15;
return a, b, c
@staticmethod
def _wadd(a, b):
return (a + b) % 4294967296
@staticmethod
def _wsub(a, b):
return (a - b) % 4294967296
if __name__ == "__main__":
for url in domain_list:
# url = "http://www.archlinux.org"
providers = (AlexaTrafficRank(), GooglePageRank(),)
print("Traffic stats for: %s" % (url))
for p in providers:
print("%s:%s" % (p.__class__.__name__, p.get_rank(url)))
这是我得到的完整错误:
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "test-alexa-ranking.py", line 187, in <module>
print("%s:%s" % (p.__class__.__name__, p.get_rank(url)))
File "test-alexa-ranking.py", line 69, in get_rank
for e in element.find("SD"):
TypeError: 'NoneType' object is not iterable
有人可以帮我吗？
最佳答案
element.find() 仅返回一个匹配项(如果有)，否则返回None。
您要么想要使用 element.find_all()，它将始终返回匹配列表(可以为空)，或者首先测试是否存在匹配:
match = element.find('SD')
if not match:
return None
由于您确实在寻找包含的元素，因此可以使用 XPath expression这里:
# find the first POPULARITY tag directly under an SD tag with a TEXT attribute
pop = element.find('.//SD/POPULARITY[@TEXT]')
if pop is not None:
return int(pop.attrib['TEXT'])
这看起来确实适用于 test XML document .
关于Python 类型错误 : 'NoneType' object is not iterable，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/26935783/