c++ - 链接 boost 日志时出现链接器错误(对 boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks 的 undefined reference )

Question

我正在尝试编译一个程序，该程序在 Ubuntu 上使用了 boost 库，但出现错误:

stepan@stepan-System-Product-Name:~/dev$ g++ -std=c++11 -Wall -pedantic -g -O0 -DBOOST_LOG_DYN_LINK  -c test.cpp
stepan@stepan-System-Product-Name:~/dev$ g++  test.o  -lboost_log -lboost_thread -lpthread -lboost_system -o test
test.o: In function `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::basic_formatting_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >& boost::log::v2_mt_posix::basic_formatting_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::formatted_write<wchar_t>(wchar_t const*, long)':
/usr/include/boost/log/utility/formatting_ostream.hpp:575: undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::code_convert(wchar_t const*, unsigned long, std::string&, std::locale const&)'
test.o: In function `void boost::log::v2_mt_posix::basic_formatting_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::aligned_write<wchar_t>(wchar_t const*, long)':
/usr/include/boost/log/utility/formatting_ostream.hpp:696: undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::code_convert(wchar_t const*, unsigned long, std::string&, std::locale const&)'
/usr/include/boost/log/utility/formatting_ostream.hpp:702: undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::code_convert(wchar_t const*, unsigned long, std::string&, std::locale const&)'
test.o: In function `void boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::basic_formatting_sink_frontend<char>::feed_record<boost::recursive_mutex, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend>(boost::log::v2_mt_posix::record_view const&, boost::recursive_mutex&, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend&)':
/usr/include/boost/log/sinks/basic_sink_frontend.hpp:445: undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend::consume(boost::log::v2_mt_posix::record_view const&, std::string const&)'
test.o: In function `void boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::basic_formatting_sink_frontend<char>::feed_record<boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::fake_mutex, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend>(boost::log::v2_mt_posix::record_view const&, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::fake_mutex&, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend&)':
/usr/include/boost/log/sinks/basic_sink_frontend.hpp:445: undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend::consume(boost::log::v2_mt_posix::record_view const&, std::string const&)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

stepan@stepan-System-Product-Name:~/dev$ g++ -DBOOST_LOG_DYN_LINK test.cpp  -Wall -L$BOOST/lib/ -I $BOOST/include/ -pthread -lboost_system -lboost_log_setup -lboost_log -lboost_date_time -lboost_thread -lrt -lboost_filesystem
/tmp/cczxT0rE.o: In function `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::basic_formatting_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >& boost::log::v2_mt_posix::basic_formatting_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::formatted_write<wchar_t>(wchar_t const*, long)':
test.cpp:(.text._ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix24basic_formatting_ostreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE15formatted_writeIwEERS6_PKT_l[_ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix24basic_formatting_ostreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE15formatted_writeIwEERS6_PKT_l]+0xb2): undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::code_convert(wchar_t const*, unsigned long, std::string&, std::locale const&)'
/tmp/cczxT0rE.o: In function `void boost::log::v2_mt_posix::basic_formatting_ostream<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >::aligned_write<wchar_t>(wchar_t const*, long)':
test.cpp:(.text._ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix24basic_formatting_ostreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE13aligned_writeIwEEvPKT_l[_ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix24basic_formatting_ostreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE13aligned_writeIwEEvPKT_l]+0xa2): undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::code_convert(wchar_t const*, unsigned long, std::string&, std::locale const&)'
test.cpp:(.text._ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix24basic_formatting_ostreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE13aligned_writeIwEEvPKT_l[_ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix24basic_formatting_ostreamIcSt11char_traitsIcESaIcEE13aligned_writeIwEEvPKT_l]+0x12e): undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::code_convert(wchar_t const*, unsigned long, std::string&, std::locale const&)'
/tmp/cczxT0rE.o: In function `void boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::basic_formatting_sink_frontend<char>::feed_record<boost::recursive_mutex, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend>(boost::log::v2_mt_posix::record_view const&, boost::recursive_mutex&, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend&)':
test.cpp:(.text._ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix5sinks30basic_formatting_sink_frontendIcE11feed_recordINS_15recursive_mutexENS2_17text_file_backendEEEvRKNS1_11record_viewERT_RT0_[_ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix5sinks30basic_formatting_sink_frontendIcE11feed_recordINS_15recursive_mutexENS2_17text_file_backendEEEvRKNS1_11record_viewERT_RT0_]+0x16b): undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend::consume(boost::log::v2_mt_posix::record_view const&, std::string const&)'
/tmp/cczxT0rE.o: In function `void boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::basic_formatting_sink_frontend<char>::feed_record<boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::fake_mutex, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend>(boost::log::v2_mt_posix::record_view const&, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::aux::fake_mutex&, boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend&)':
test.cpp:(.text._ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix5sinks30basic_formatting_sink_frontendIcE11feed_recordINS1_3aux10fake_mutexENS2_17text_file_backendEEEvRKNS1_11record_viewERT_RT0_[_ZN5boost3log11v2_mt_posix5sinks30basic_formatting_sink_frontendIcE11feed_recordINS1_3aux10fake_mutexENS2_17text_file_backendEEEvRKNS1_11record_viewERT_RT0_]+0x16b): undefined reference to `boost::log::v2_mt_posix::sinks::text_file_backend::consume(boost::log::v2_mt_posix::record_view const&, std::string const&)'
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status

test.cpp代码:

/*
 *          Copyright Andrey Semashev 2007 - 2013.
 * Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
 *    (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
 *          http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
 */
#define BOOST_LOG_DYN_LINK 1
#include <boost/log/trivial.hpp>
#include <boost/log/expressions.hpp>
#include <boost/log/sources/severity_logger.hpp>
#include <boost/log/sources/record_ostream.hpp>
#include <boost/log/utility/setup/file.hpp>
#include <boost/log/utility/setup/common_attributes.hpp>

namespace logging = boost::log;
namespace src = boost::log::sources;
namespace expr = boost::log::expressions;
namespace keywords = boost::log::keywords;

//[ example_tutorial_formatters_stream
void init()
{
    logging::add_file_log
    (
        keywords::file_name = "sample_%N.log",
        // This makes the sink to write log records that look like this:
        // 1: <normal> A normal severity message
        // 2: <error> An error severity message
        keywords::format =
        (
            expr::stream
                << expr::attr< unsigned int >("LineID")
                << ": <" << logging::trivial::severity
                << "> " << expr::smessage
        )
    );
}
//]

#if 0

//[ example_tutorial_formatters_stream_date_time
void init()
{
    logging::add_file_log
    (
        keywords::file_name = "sample_%N.log",
        // This makes the sink to write log records that look like this:
        // YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS: <normal> A normal severity message
        // YYYY-MM-DD HH:MI:SS: <error> An error severity message
        keywords::format =
        (
            expr::stream
                << expr::format_date_time< boost::posix_time::ptime >("TimeStamp", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")
                << ": <" << logging::trivial::severity
                << "> " << expr::smessage
        )
    );
}
//]

#endif

int main(int, char*[])
{
    init();
    logging::add_common_attributes();

    using namespace logging::trivial;
    src::severity_logger< severity_level > lg;

    BOOST_LOG_SEV(lg, trace) << "A trace severity message";
    BOOST_LOG_SEV(lg, debug) << "A debug severity message";
    BOOST_LOG_SEV(lg, info) << "An informational severity message";
    BOOST_LOG_SEV(lg, warning) << "A warning severity message";
    BOOST_LOG_SEV(lg, error) << "An error severity message";
    BOOST_LOG_SEV(lg, fatal) << "A fatal severity message";

    return 0;
} 

我试过这个:

g++ -std=c++11 -Wall -pedantic -g -O0 -DBOOST_LOG_DYN_LINK  -c test.cpp
g++  test.o  -lboost_log -lboost_thread -lpthread -lboost_system -lboost_log_setup -o test

还有这个:

g++ -DBOOST_LOG_DYN_LINK test.cpp  -Wall -L$BOOST/lib/ -I $BOOST/include/ -pthread -lboost_system -lboost_log_setup -lboost_log -lboost_date_time -lboost_thread -lrt -lboost_filesystem

来自对这些问题的回答:

linker error while linking boost log tutorial (undefined references)

Boost logger linking issue

Boost.Log linking errors under GNU/Linux

没有成功 - 链接期间的相同错误和错误消息看起来与上面的问题有点不同

因此，我假设我的错误的根本原因与上述所有不同

已安装 boost 版本 1.58

Answer 1

经过一番挖掘，我发现了一个线索: 看起来即使在/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu 中卸载以前的 boost 版本 1.58 后仍会留下一些文件

在我手动删除所有 libboost* 文件后，问题得到解决，但 *.so.1.58.0 除外(请参阅下面的说明，原因)来自/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu(我目前安装的)安装的 boost v 1.64 在/usr/local 中):

请注意删除 *.所以。 1.58.0 文件可能会使某些应用程序无法运行(在我的情况下是 Firefox 和 chrome)，因此我必须构建 boost v 1.58 并将它们放回原处以使其再次运行