昨天我尝试通过 cabal 安装 Haskell 模块，以便熟悉 Haskell 中模块的安装。我必须先安装 cabal。
我的系统:Windows 7
Haskell 编译器版本:GHC 7.0.2(链接 http://www.haskell.org/ghc/download )
cabal :http://haskell.org/cabal/download.html
我会一步步描述这个过程，希望大家指出我在cabal和cabal安装包过程中的错误行为。
程序:
已安装 Haskell 编译器 GHC 7.0.2
从 Windows 7 开始菜单启动 GHCi，在 DOS 窗口中给出以下输出:
GHCi, version 7.0.2: Website :? for help . Loading package ghc-prim ... linking ... done. Loading package integer-gmp ... linking ... done. Loading package base ... linking ... done. Loading package ffi-1.0 ... linking ... done. Prelude>到目前为止一切顺利:基础包中的每个功能都可以访问并且按照其应有的方式运行。
结论:GHCi 安装没有错误步骤。
从源代码下载
cabal.exe(参见简介)，将其复制到C:\ghc\ghc-7.0.2\bin(添加到%Path%-variables中)- 下载了
cabal-install-0.8.2.tar.gz，因为该网站建议用户需要该软件包才能进行全新安装。 - 打开新的 dos 提示符窗口
- 输入
cabal update(根据网站的建议)，它确实更新了列表并返回到用户提示模式 - 输入
cd C:\pathwhere\cabal-install-0.8.2.tar.gz(切换到 cabal-install 文件所在的目录) 输入
cabal install cabal-install-0.8.2，此后安装开始在 dos 框中创建以下输出:Resolving dependencies... Downloading containers-0.3.0.0... Configuring containers-0.3.0.0... Preprocessing library containers-0.3.0.0... Building containers-0.3.0.0... [1 of 7] Compiling Data.Sequence ( Data\Sequence.hs, dist\build\Data\Sequence.o ) [2 of 7] Compiling Data.Set ( Data\Set.hs, dist\build\Data\Set.o ) [3 of 7] Compiling Data.Map ( Data\Map.hs, dist\build\Data\Map.o ) [4 of 7] Compiling Data.IntSet ( Data\IntSet.hs, dist\build\Data\IntSet.o ) [5 of 7] Compiling Data.IntMap ( Data\IntMap.hs, dist\build\Data\IntMap.o ) [6 of 7] Compiling Data.Tree ( Data\Tree.hs, dist\build\Data\Tree.o ) [7 of 7] Compiling Data.Graph ( Data\Graph.hs, dist\build\Data\Graph.o ) cabal: ar is required but it could not be found. Downloading filepath-1.1.0.4... Configuring filepath-1.1.0.4... Preprocessing library filepath-1.1.0.4... Building filepath-1.1.0.4... [1 of 3] Compiling System.FilePath.Posix ( System\FilePath\Posix.hs, dist\build\System\FilePath\Posix.o ) [2 of 3] Compiling System.FilePath.Windows ( System\FilePath\Windows.hs, dist\build\System\FilePath\Windows.o ) [3 of 3] Compiling System.FilePath ( System\FilePath.hs, dist\build\System\FilePath.o ) cabal: ar is required but it could not be found. Downloading parsec-2.1.0.1... Configuring parsec-2.1.0.1... Preprocessing library parsec-2.1.0.1... Building parsec-2.1.0.1... [ 1 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Pos ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Pos.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Pos.o ) [ 2 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Error ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Error.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Error.o ) [ 3 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Prim ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Prim.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Prim.o ) [ 4 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Char ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Char.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Char.o ) [ 5 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Combinator ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Combinator.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Combinator.o ) [ 6 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Expr ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Expr.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Expr.o ) [ 7 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec.o ) [ 8 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Token ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Token.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Token.o ) [ 9 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Perm ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Perm.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Perm.o ) [10 of 10] Compiling Text.ParserCombinators.Parsec.Language ( Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Language.hs, dist\build\Text\ParserCombinators\Parsec\Language.o ) cabal: ar is required but it could not be found. Downloading time-1.1.4... [1 of 1] Compiling Main ( C:\Users\altug\AppData\Local\Temp\time-1.1.43528time-1.1.4\Setup.hs, C:\Users\altug\AppData\Local\Temp\time-1.1.43528\time-1.1.4\dist\setup\Main.o ) C:\Users\altug\AppData\Local\Temp\time-1.1.43528\time-1.1.4\Setup.hs:5:1: Warning: In the use of `runTests' (imported from Distribution.Simple, but defined in Distribution.Simple.UserHooks): Deprecated: "Please use the new testing interface instead!" Linking C:\Users\altug\AppData\Local\Temp\time-1.1.43528\time-1.1.4\dist\setup\setup.exe ... Configuring time-1.1.4... Preprocessing library time-1.1.4... Building time-1.1.4... [ 1 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Clock.CTimeval ( Data\Time\Clock\CTimeval.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Clock\CTimeval.o ) [ 2 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Clock.Scale ( Data\Time\Clock\Scale.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Clock\Scale.o ) [ 3 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.Private ( Data\Time\Calendar\Private.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\Private.o ) [ 4 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.MonthDay ( Data\Time\Calendar\MonthDay.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\MonthDay.o ) [ 5 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.Days ( Data\Time\Calendar\Days.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\Days.o ) [ 6 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.OrdinalDate ( Data\Time\Calendar\OrdinalDate.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\OrdinalDate.o ) [ 7 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.Gregorian ( Data\Time\Calendar\Gregorian.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\Gregorian.o ) [ 8 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.WeekDate ( Data\Time\Calendar\WeekDate.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\WeekDate.o ) [ 9 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.JulianYearDay ( Data\Time\Calendar\JulianYearDay.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\JulianYearDay.o ) [10 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.Julian ( Data\Time\Calendar\Julian.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\Julian.o ) [11 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Clock.UTC ( Data\Time\Clock\UTC.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Clock\UTC.o ) [12 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Clock.POSIX ( Data\Time\Clock\POSIX.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Clock\POSIX.o ) [13 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Clock.UTCDiff ( Data\Time\Clock\UTCDiff.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Clock\UTCDiff.o ) [14 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Clock ( Data\Time\Clock.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Clock.o ) [15 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.LocalTime.TimeZone ( Data\Time\LocalTime\TimeZone.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\LocalTime\TimeZone.o ) [16 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.LocalTime.TimeOfDay ( Data\Time\LocalTime\TimeOfDay.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\LocalTime\TimeOfDay.o ) [17 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar ( Data\Time\Calendar.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar.o ) [18 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Calendar.Easter ( Data\Time\Calendar\Easter.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Calendar\Easter.o ) [19 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.LocalTime.LocalTime ( Data\Time\LocalTime\LocalTime.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\LocalTime\LocalTime.o ) [20 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.LocalTime ( Data\Time\LocalTime.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\LocalTime.o ) [21 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Clock.TAI ( Data\Time\Clock\TAI.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Clock\TAI.o ) [22 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Format.Parse ( Data\Time\Format\Parse.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Format\Parse.o ) [23 of 24] Compiling Data.Time.Format ( Data\Time\Format.hs, dist\build\Data\Time\Format.o ) [24 of 24] Compiling Data.Time ( Data\Time.hs, dist\build\Data\Time.o ) Registering time-1.1.4... Installing library in C:\Users\altug\AppData\Roaming\cabal\time-1.1.4\ghc-7.0.2 Registering time-1.1.4... Downloading random-1.0.0.3... Configuring random-1.0.0.3... Preprocessing library random-1.0.0.3... Building random-1.0.0.3... [1 of 1] Compiling System.Random ( System\Random.hs, dist\build\System\Random.o ) cabal: ar is required but it could not be found. Downloading transformers-0.2.2.0... Configuring transformers-0.2.2.0... Preprocessing library transformers-0.2.2.0... Building transformers-0.2.2.0... [ 1 of 21] Compiling Data.Functor.Product ( Data\Functor\Product.hs, dist\buildData\Functor\Product.o ) [ 2 of 21] Compiling Data.Functor.Constant ( Data\Functor\Constant.hs, dist\build\Data\Functor\Constant.o ) [ 3 of 21] Compiling Data.Functor.Compose ( Data\Functor\Compose.hs, dist\build\Data\Functor\Compose.o ) [ 4 of 21] Compiling Data.Functor.Identity ( Data\Functor\Identity.hs, dist\build\Data\Functor\Identity.o ) [ 5 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Class ( Control\Monad\Trans\Class.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Class.o ) [ 6 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.IO.Class ( Control\Monad\IO\Class.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\IO\Class.o ) [ 7 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Cont ( Control\Monad\Trans\Cont.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Cont.o ) [ 8 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Error ( Control\Monad\Trans\Error.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Error.o ) [ 9 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Identity ( Control\Monad\Trans\Identity.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Identity.o ) [10 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.List ( Control\Monad\Trans\List.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\List.o ) [11 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Maybe ( Control\Monad\Trans\Maybe.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Maybe.o ) [12 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Reader ( Control\Monad\Trans\Reader.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Reader.o ) [13 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.RWS.Lazy ( Control\Monad\Trans\RWS\Lazy.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\RWS\Lazy.o ) [14 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.RWS ( Control\Monad\Trans\RWS.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\RWS.o ) [15 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.RWS.Strict ( Control\Monad\Trans\RWS\Strict.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\RWS\Strict.o ) [16 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.State.Lazy ( Control\Monad\Trans\State\Lazy.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\State\Lazy.o ) [17 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.State ( Control\Monad\Trans\State.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\State.o ) [18 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.State.Strict ( Control\Monad\Trans\State\Strict.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\State\Strict.o ) [19 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Writer.Lazy ( Control\Monad\Trans\Writer\Lazy.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Writer\Lazy.o ) [20 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Writer ( Control\Monad\Trans\Writer.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Writer.o ) [21 of 21] Compiling Control.Monad.Trans.Writer.Strict ( Control\Monad\Trans\Writer\Strict.hs, dist\build\Control\Monad\Trans\Writer\Strict.o ) cabal: ar is required but it could not be found. Downloading zlib-0.5.3.1... Configuring zlib-0.5.3.1... Preprocessing library zlib-0.5.3.1... Building zlib-0.5.3.1... [1 of 5] Compiling Codec.Compression.Zlib.Stream ( dist\build\Codec\Compression\Zlib\Stream.hs, dist\build\Codec\Compression\Zlib\Stream.o ) [2 of 5] Compiling Codec.Compression.Zlib.Internal ( Codec\Compression\Zlib\Internal.hs, dist\build\Codec\Compression\Zlib\Internal.o ) [3 of 5] Compiling Codec.Compression.Zlib.Raw ( Codec\Compression\Zlib\Raw.hs, dist\build\Codec\Compression\Zlib\Raw.o ) [4 of 5] Compiling Codec.Compression.Zlib ( Codec\Compression\Zlib.hs, dist\build\Codec\Compression\Zlib.o ) [5 of 5] Compiling Codec.Compression.GZip ( Codec\Compression\GZip.hs, dist\build\Codec\Compression\GZip.o ) cabal: ar is required but it could not be found. cabal: Error: some packages failed to install: Cabal-1.8.0.6 depends on filepath-1.1.0.4 which failed to install. HTTP-4000.1.1 depends on transformers-0.2.2.0 which failed to install. cabal-install-0.8.2 depends on zlib-0.5.3.1 which failed to install. containers-0.3.0.0 failed during the building phase. The exception was: ExitFailure 1 directory-1.0.1.2 depends on filepath-1.1.0.4 which failed to install. filepath-1.1.0.4 failed during the building phase. The exception was: ExitFailure 1 mtl-2.0.1.0 depends on transformers-0.2.2.0 which failed to install. network-2.3.0.2 depends on parsec-2.1.0.1 which failed to install. parsec-2.1.0.1 failed during the building phase. The exception was: ExitFailure 1 process-1.0.1.5 depends on filepath-1.1.0.4 which failed to install. random-1.0.0.3 failed during the building phase. The exception was: ExitFailure 1 transformers-0.2.2.0 failed during the building phase. The exception was: ExitFailure 1 zlib-0.5.3.1 failed during the building phase. The exception was: ExitFailure 1我的结论:
正如人们所看到的，输出表明了一些错误，但我不知道它们的含义。我继续尝试安装我的代数包，重点是使其可用于第 1 步中的 Dos-Interpeter。
再次在 dos 框输入提示中，我输入
cabal install constructive-algebra，创建了以下输出:Resolving dependencies... cabal: cannot configure algebra-0.0.0.1. It requires base >=3.0 && <4.1 For the dependency on base >=3.0 && <4.1 there are these packages: base-3.0.3.1, base-3.0.3.2 and base-4.0.0.0. However none of them are available. base-3.0.3.1 was excluded because of the top level dependency base -any base-3.0.3.2 was excluded because of the top level dependency base -any base-4.0.0.0 was excluded because of the top level dependency base -any
我认为该软件包尚未安装。我需要有人可以解释我需要执行哪些具体步骤才能使模块正常工作。
感谢您阅读这篇文章并以让我理解它以及解释器和编译器工作的方式回答。
最佳答案
最简单的方法是获得像 DasBoot 推荐的 Haskell 平台，但无论如何我都会尝试回答您的问题:
1)对于问题的第一部分，您的安装失败是因为您的路径有问题。找不到工具“ar”。创建库时使用 ar。如果您在命令窗口中仅输入“ar”，它应该返回类似的内容
Usage: ar [emulation options] [-]{dmpqrstx}[abcfilNoPsSuvV] [member-name] [count ] archive-file file... ar -M [
如果没有，那么您需要将包含 ar 的文件夹(可能是 C:\ghc\ghc-7.0.2\mingw\bin)添加到 Windows 中的路径环境变量中。
2) 您的代数库不会在 7.0.2 下安装，至少不会开箱即用。代数的依赖项列为“依赖项:base >=3.0 && <4.1”
但是 ghc 7.0 附带了基础 4.3。这就是您收到的原因:
cabal: cannot configure algebra-0.0.0.1. It requires base >=3.0 && <4.1
For the dependency on base >=3.0 && <4.1 there are these packages:
base-3.0.3.1, base-3.0.3.2 and base-4.0.0.0. However none of them are available
幸运的是，对于这个特殊的软件包，这个问题可以很容易地解决。就这么做
cabal unpack algebra
cd algebra-0.0.0.1
notepad algebra.cabal
change the 4.1 to a 4.4
cabal install
这样就可以了
关于windows - 在 Windows 7 上安装 Haskell 模块，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/5218419/