python - 子进程.Popen : cloning stdout and stderr both to terminal and variables

Question

是否可以修改下面的代码以从 'stdout' 和 'stderr' 打印输出:

• 在终端上打印(实时)，
• 最后存储在 outs 和 errs 变量中？

代码:

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-

import subprocess

def run_cmd(command, cwd=None):
    p = subprocess.Popen(command, cwd=cwd, shell=False,
                         stdout=subprocess.PIPE,
                         stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
    outs, errs = p.communicate()
    rc = p.returncode
    outs = outs.decode('utf-8')
    errs = errs.decode('utf-8')

    return (rc, (outs, errs))

感谢@unutbu，特别感谢@j-f-sebastian，最终功能:

#!/usr/bin/python3
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-


import sys
from queue import Queue
from subprocess import PIPE, Popen
from threading import Thread


def read_output(pipe, funcs):
    for line in iter(pipe.readline, b''):
        for func in funcs:
            func(line.decode('utf-8'))
    pipe.close()


def write_output(get):
    for line in iter(get, None):
        sys.stdout.write(line)


def run_cmd(command, cwd=None, passthrough=True):
    outs, errs = None, None

    proc = Popen(
        command,
        cwd=cwd,
        shell=False,
        close_fds=True,
        stdout=PIPE,
        stderr=PIPE,
        bufsize=1
        )

    if passthrough:

        outs, errs = [], []

        q = Queue()

        stdout_thread = Thread(
            target=read_output, args=(proc.stdout, [q.put, outs.append])
            )

        stderr_thread = Thread(
            target=read_output, args=(proc.stderr, [q.put, errs.append])
            )

        writer_thread = Thread(
            target=write_output, args=(q.get,)
            )

        for t in (stdout_thread, stderr_thread, writer_thread):
            t.daemon = True
            t.start()

        proc.wait()

        for t in (stdout_thread, stderr_thread):
            t.join()

        q.put(None)

        outs = ' '.join(outs)
        errs = ' '.join(errs)

    else:

        outs, errs = proc.communicate()
        outs = '' if outs == None else outs.decode('utf-8')
        errs = '' if errs == None else errs.decode('utf-8')

    rc = proc.returncode

    return (rc, (outs, errs))

Answer 1

要在单个线程中逐行从子进程中同时捕获和显示 stdout 和 stderr，您可以使用异步 I/O:

#!/usr/bin/env python3
import asyncio
import os
import sys
from asyncio.subprocess import PIPE

@asyncio.coroutine
def read_stream_and_display(stream, display):
    """Read from stream line by line until EOF, display, and capture the lines.

    """
    output = []
    while True:
        line = yield from stream.readline()
        if not line:
            break
        output.append(line)
        display(line) # assume it doesn't block
    return b''.join(output)

@asyncio.coroutine
def read_and_display(*cmd):
    """Capture cmd's stdout, stderr while displaying them as they arrive
    (line by line).

    """
    # start process
    process = yield from asyncio.create_subprocess_exec(*cmd,
            stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE)

    # read child's stdout/stderr concurrently (capture and display)
    try:
        stdout, stderr = yield from asyncio.gather(
            read_stream_and_display(process.stdout, sys.stdout.buffer.write),
            read_stream_and_display(process.stderr, sys.stderr.buffer.write))
    except Exception:
        process.kill()
        raise
    finally:
        # wait for the process to exit
        rc = yield from process.wait()
    return rc, stdout, stderr

# run the event loop
if os.name == 'nt':
    loop = asyncio.ProactorEventLoop() # for subprocess' pipes on Windows
    asyncio.set_event_loop(loop)
else:
    loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
rc, *output = loop.run_until_complete(read_and_display(*cmd))
loop.close()