java - 无法使用 Gradle 编译 Java 库，可以使用 IDE

Question

当我尝试构建我的 project 时遇到了一个奇怪的问题通过 Gradle。

当我将项目导入 IntelliJ 并通过 IDE 构建/运行测试时，构建工作正常。但是，如果我运行 ./gradlew test，构建会失败并且无法解析 JDK 中的符号(如 GenericArrayType)。

如果我将 IntelliJ 的构建/运行操作委托(delegate)给 Gradle，我也会在我的 IDE 中看到同样的问题，所以我的 Gradle 构建似乎出了问题，但我无法弄清楚是什么。其他项目工作正常，所以这似乎是这个特定项目的问题。

我已经在不同的机器(一台运行 Ubuntu，另一台运行 macOS)以及不同的 Gradle 版本(4.10.2、5.1.1)上尝试过这个，但问题仍然存在。我将源代码复制并粘贴到另一个已经运行良好的项目，然后当我运行单元测试时它也开始失败并出现相同的错误。

谁能帮我弄清楚这里出了什么问题？

这是我的 settings.gradle 的样子:

rootProject.name = 'types'

和build.gradle:

group 'com.vinaysshenoy'
version '1.0.0'

buildscript {
  ext.junit_version = '4.12'
  ext.assertj_version = '3.11.1'
  ext.jsr305_version = '3.0.2'

  repositories {
    mavenCentral()
  }
}

apply plugin: 'java-library'

java {
  sourceCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
  targetCompatibility JavaVersion.VERSION_1_8
}

repositories {
  mavenCentral()
}

dependencies {
  implementation "com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:$jsr305_version"
  testImplementation "junit:junit:$junit_version"
  testImplementation "org.assertj:assertj-core:$assertj_version"
}

这是我通过命令行运行它时看到的内容:

      public static final class GenericArrayTypeImpl implements GenericArrayType {
                                                                ^
      symbol:   class GenericArrayType
      location: class Util
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:230: error: cannot find symbol
      public static final class ParameterizedTypeImpl implements ParameterizedType {
                                                                 ^
      symbol:   class ParameterizedType
      location: class Util
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:340: error: cannot find symbol
      public static final class WildcardTypeImpl implements WildcardType {
                                                            ^
      symbol:   class WildcardType
      location: class Util
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:54: error: incompatible types: ParameterizedTypeImpl cannot be converted to ParameterizedType
        return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(null, rawType, typeArguments);
               ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:63: error: incompatible types: ParameterizedTypeImpl cannot be converted to ParameterizedType
        return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(ownerType, rawType, typeArguments);
               ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:68: error: incompatible types: GenericArrayTypeImpl cannot be converted to GenericArrayType
        return new GenericArrayTypeImpl(componentType);
               ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:78: error: incompatible types: WildcardTypeImpl cannot be converted to WildcardType
        return new WildcardTypeImpl(new Type[] { bound }, EMPTY_TYPE_ARRAY);
               ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:86: error: incompatible types: WildcardTypeImpl cannot be converted to WildcardType
        return new WildcardTypeImpl(new Type[] { Object.class }, new Type[] { bound });
               ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:153: error: incompatible types: ParameterizedType cannot be converted to ParameterizedTypeImpl
          Type[] aTypeArguments = pa instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl
                                  ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:154: error: incompatible types: ParameterizedType cannot be converted to ParameterizedTypeImpl
              ? ((ParameterizedTypeImpl) pa).typeArguments
                                         ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:156: error: incompatible types: ParameterizedType cannot be converted to ParameterizedTypeImpl
          Type[] bTypeArguments = pb instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl
                                  ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java:157: error: incompatible types: ParameterizedType cannot be converted to ParameterizedTypeImpl
              ? ((ParameterizedTypeImpl) pb).typeArguments
                                         ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:52: error: incompatible types: bad type in conditional expression
          return c.isArray() ? new GenericArrayTypeImpl(canonicalize(c.getComponentType())) : c;
                               ^
        GenericArrayTypeImpl cannot be converted to Type
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:55: error: incompatible types: Type cannot be converted to ParameterizedTypeImpl
          if (type instanceof ParameterizedTypeImpl) { return type; }
              ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:57: error: incompatible types: ParameterizedTypeImpl cannot be converted to Type
          return new ParameterizedTypeImpl(p.getOwnerType(),
                 ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:61: error: incompatible types: Type cannot be converted to GenericArrayTypeImpl
          if (type instanceof GenericArrayTypeImpl) { return type; }
              ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:63: error: incompatible types: GenericArrayTypeImpl cannot be converted to Type
          return new GenericArrayTypeImpl(g.getGenericComponentType());
                 ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:66: error: incompatible types: Type cannot be converted to WildcardTypeImpl
          if (type instanceof WildcardTypeImpl) { return type; }
              ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:68: error: incompatible types: WildcardTypeImpl cannot be converted to Type
          return new WildcardTypeImpl(w.getUpperBounds(), w.getLowerBounds());
                 ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:118: error: incompatible types: bad type in conditional expression
                ? new ParameterizedTypeImpl(newOwnerType, original.getRawType(), args)
                  ^
        ParameterizedTypeImpl cannot be converted to Type
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:260: error: method does not override or implement a method from a supertype
        @Override
        ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:265: error: method does not override or implement a method from a supertype
        @Override
        ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:270: error: method does not override or implement a method from a supertype
        @Override
        ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:279: error: incompatible types: ParameterizedTypeImpl cannot be converted to Type
              && Types.equals(this, (ParameterizedType) other);
                              ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:313: error: method does not override or implement a method from a supertype
        @Override
        ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:321: error: incompatible types: GenericArrayTypeImpl cannot be converted to Type
              && Types.equals(this, (GenericArrayType) o);
                              ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:363: error: method does not override or implement a method from a supertype
        @Override
        ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:368: error: method does not override or implement a method from a supertype
        @Override
        ^
    /Users/vinay/Dev/IdeaProjects/types/src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java:376: error: incompatible types: WildcardTypeImpl cannot be converted to Type
              && Types.equals(this, (WildcardType) other);
                          ^

Answer 1

为了构建项目，使用完全限定名称为 com.vinaysshenoy.types.util.Util 中定义的静态嵌套类实现接口(interface):

  public static final class ParameterizedTypeImpl implements java.lang.reflect.ParameterizedType { ... }

  public static final class GenericArrayTypeImpl implements java.lang.reflect.GenericArrayType { ... }

  public static final class WildcardTypeImpl implements java.lang.reflect.WildcardType { ... }

此外，如果您不想使用完全限定名称，则只需将静态嵌套类提取到顶层即可。

注意事项:

1. 项目编译无误，使用JDK编译器时:

javac -cp path_to_jsr305-3.0.2.jar -d bin src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/Types.java src/main/java/com/vinaysshenoy/types/util/Util.java

1. 这个问题似乎与平台有关。我尝试在 Windows 10/Oracle JDK 1.8.0_111 上构建项目 - 没有发现任何问题。但是，问题完全按照 Ubuntu 16.04/Oracle JDK 1.8.0_201 和 Ubuntu 16.04/OpenJDK 1.8.0_191 上的描述重现。