java - 使用 super() 时幕后发生了什么

Question

我很想知道当您使用 super() 调用父类(super class)的构造函数时，幕后实际发生了什么。当一个对象从子类实例化时，子类是否继承父类(super class)对象？或者它是如何工作的？

这是我的引用代码:

public class Bicycle {
//Declaring bicycles states
public int movSpeed = 0;
public int cadence = 0;
public int curGear = 0;

//Class constructor
public Bicycle(){
}

//Class constructor with params
public Bicycle(int movSpeed, int cadence, int curGear) {
    this.movSpeed = movSpeed;
    this.cadence = cadence;
    this.curGear = curGear;
}

子类:

public class mountainBike extends Bicycle {
//Declare mountainBikes states
public int frontTravel = 0;
public int rearTravel = 0;
public int gearMult = 0;

//Class constructor
public mountainBike(){
}

//Class constructor with params
public mountainBike(int movSpeed, int cadence, int curGear, int frontTravel, int rearTravel,int gearMult){
    super(movSpeed,cadence,curGear);
    this.frontTravel = frontTravel;
    this.rearTravel = rearTravel;
    this.gearMult = gearMult;
}

Answer 1

没有超对象和子类对象。它只是一个对象，除了可能从父类继承的字段外，还具有在子类中声明的字段。

当 super被调用时，JVM调用父类的构造函数来初始化从父类继承的字段。在幕后，构造函数转换为名为 <init> 的 JVM 指令。为字段赋值。

凭直觉你可以把它想象成这样:

public mountainBike(int movSpeed, int cadence, int curGear, int frontTravel, int rearTravel,int gearMult) {
    // an object is created here
    // call the super constructor special method <init> 
    // which initializes  the inherited fields movSpeed, cadence, and curGear
    // initialize the below fields
    this.frontTravel = frontTravel;
    this.rearTravel = rearTravel;
    this.gearMult = gearMult;
}