我有一个编写测试用例的独立项目;问题是我不能模拟 HttpServletRequest
,因为在我的 servlet 中有像 getServletContext()
这样的调用,因为测试用例是从外部 servlet 容器运行的。它总是会返回一个错误,说“找不到上下文”。这只是 servlet 容器的一个依赖项;可以有数百个。例如,initialContext.lookup()
也依赖于一个容器。
这种场景下如何使用Mockito编写测试用例?请不要询问错误信息;这与其说是技术问题,不如说是逻辑问题。
在互联网上寻找教程让我想知道我是否做错了什么。之前似乎没有人遇到过这个问题......你怎么能模拟 HttpServletRequest
而没有在 servlet 中调用 getServletContext()
?我是说真的,它能有多罕见?
最佳答案
您有一个使用 ServletContext
的 servlet 实现,例如
public class SomeServlet extends HttpServlet{
protected void doGet(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
ServletContext servletContext = getServletContext();
Object attribute = servletContext.getAttribute("test");
System.out.println(attribute.toString());
}
}
在这种情况下,您有 2 个选项来测试 doGet
方法
使用 powermock 的 partitial mocking仅模拟 getServletContext
方法。
@RunWith(PowerMockRunner.class)
public class SomeServletTest {
@Test
public void onGet() throws ServletException, IOException{
SomeServlet someServlet = PowerMock.createPartialMock(SomeServlet.class, "getServletContext");
ServletContext servletContext = PowerMock.createNiceMock(ServletContext.class);
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = PowerMock.createNiceMock(HttpServletRequest.class);
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = PowerMock.createNiceMock(HttpServletResponse.class);
someServlet.getServletContext();
PowerMock.expectLastCall().andReturn(servletContext);
servletContext.getAttribute("test");
PowerMock.expectLastCall().andReturn("hello");
PowerMock.replay(someServlet, servletContext, httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
someServlet.doGet(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
}
}
或者更简单的方法是覆盖 getServletContext
方法。在这种情况下,您不需要 powermock。您可以使用 easymock 来完成。例如
public class SomeServletTest {
@Test
public void onGet() throws ServletException, IOException{
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = EasyMock.createNiceMock(HttpServletRequest.class);
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = EasyMock.createNiceMock(HttpServletResponse.class);
final ServletContext servletContext = EasyMock.createNiceMock(ServletContext.class);
SomeServlet someServlet = new SomeServlet(){
public ServletContext getServletContext() {
return servletContext; // return the mock
}
};
EasyMock.expect(servletContext.getAttribute("test")).andReturn("hello");
EasyMock.replay(servletContext, httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
someServlet.doGet(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
}
}
there can be 100's. like initialContext.lookup() also dependent on container.
在这种情况下,您可以创建一个 InitialContext
模拟并使用它。
如果您的代码创建了一个新的 InitialContext
,例如
public void someMethod(){
InitialContext context = new InitialContext();
context.lookup(....);
}
您可以简单地将 InitialContext
实例提取到一个 protected 方法中,您可以在您的测试中覆盖该方法,就像我上面使用 ServletContext
public void someMethod(){
InitialContext context = createInitialContext();
context.lookup(....);
}
protected InitialContext createInitialContext(){
return new InitialContext(); // can be overridden by a subclass
// and therefore by tests as well to
// return a mock
}
如果你不想或者不能这样修改代码,那么你可以使用Powermock
来intercept the constructor .
编辑
Can you post your Mockito code? It would be a pleasure, since the methods are named differently.
@Test
public void onGet() throws ServletException, IOException {
HttpServletRequest httpServletRequest = Mockito.mock(HttpServletRequest.class);
HttpServletResponse httpServletResponse = Mockito.mock(HttpServletResponse.class);
final ServletContext servletContext = Mockito.mock(ServletContext.class);
SomeServlet someServlet = new SomeServlet(){
public ServletContext getServletContext() {
return servletContext; // return the mock
}
};
Mockito.doReturn("hello").when(servletContext).getAttribute("test");
someServlet.doGet(httpServletRequest, httpServletResponse);
}
关于java - 如何模拟 servletContext 而不是 Servlet 或 HttpServletRequest?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22610503/