我正在使用 openEJB 的 TomEE++ 运行企业 Java 应用程序。该应用程序是从 Eclipse Helios 内启动的。我更改了 Eclipse 中的“服务器位置”，以允许 Eclipse 负责 Tomcat。
当我从 Eclipse 中启动应用程序时，我收到一些奇怪的 JPA 错误，我认为这可能是由于 openejb web 应用程序在我的 web 应用程序(称为“幻灯片”)之后加载的事实
我已将 web.xml 中 web 应用程序的 load-on-startup 值更改为 20，而 openejb 的值为 0。
从控制台的输出中，我无法确定 openejb 是在我的应用程序之前还是之后启动。日志似乎有点矛盾。
一开始我就看到
ERROR: OpenEJB webapp was not found
这似乎表明 openejb 没有启动。但不久之后我看到诸如
之类的行INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
据我有限的知识，这来自 openejb。
之后发生了很多事情，包括启动多个应用程序，包括我的应用程序。
TomcatWebAppBuilder.start /slides
之后，我发现一行表明 openejb 已启动
TomcatWebAppBuilder.start /openejb
那么，究竟发生了什么？ openejb 是在我的申请之前还是之后启动？
发布以下日志:
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:46 PM org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener init
INFO: The APR based Apache Tomcat Native library which allows optimal performance in production environments was not found on the java.library.path: /usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.26/jre/lib/amd64/server:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.26/jre/lib/amd64:/usr/lib/jvm/java-6-sun-1.6.0.26/jre/../lib/amd64:/usr/java/packages/lib/amd64:/usr/lib64:/lib64:/lib:/usr/lib
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:47 PM org.apache.tomcat.util.digester.SetPropertiesRule begin
WARNING: [SetPropertiesRule]{Server/Service/Engine/Host/Context} Setting property 'source' to 'org.eclipse.jst.j2ee.server:slides' did not find a matching property.
ERROR: OpenEJB webapp was not found
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:47 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol init
INFO: Initializing ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:48 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder initializeOWB
INFO: Created new singletonService org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@34b23d12
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:48 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder initializeOWB
INFO: succeeded in installing singleton service
Apache OpenEJB 4.0.0-beta-2 build: 20120115-08:26
http://openejb.apache.org/
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:52 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder build
INFO: existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance() org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@34b23d12
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:53 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:53 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:53 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [OpenWebBeansJsfPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:53 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.BeansDeployer validateInjectionPoints
INFO: All injection points were validated successfully.
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:53 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container has started, it took [142] ms.
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:53 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina load
INFO: Initialization processed in 7751 ms
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:53 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardService startInternal
INFO: Starting service Catalina
Apr 18, 2012 1:04:53 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine startInternal
INFO: Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/7.0.21
TomcatWebAppBuilder.start /slides
[severity=ERROR,message=unexpected element (uri:"", local:"global"). Expected elements are <{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}constraint-validator-factory>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}property>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}traversable-resolver>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}constraint-mapping>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}message-interpolator>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}default-provider>,locator=[node=null,object=null,url=null,line=13,col=13,offset=-1]]
[severity=ERROR,message=unexpected element (uri:"", local:"global"). Expected elements are <{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}constraint-validator-factory>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}property>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}traversable-resolver>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}constraint-mapping>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}message-interpolator>,<{http://jboss.org/xml/ns/javax/validation/configuration}default-provider>,locator=[node=null,object=null,url=null,line=13,col=13,offset=-1]]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:02 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder build
INFO: existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance() org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@34b23d12
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:02 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:02 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:02 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [OpenWebBeansJsfPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:02 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.BeansDeployer validateInjectionPoints
INFO: All injection points were validated successfully.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:02 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container has started, it took [13] ms.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/core is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/fmt_rt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/fmt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/standard/permittedTaglibs is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/standard/scriptfree is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/sql_rt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/sql is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/xml_rt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/xml is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/fmt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/fmt_rt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/core is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/fmt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/core_rt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/xml is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/xml_rt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/standard/permittedTaglibs is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/sql is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/functions is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/sql_rt is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jstl/core is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/xml is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://java.sun.com/jsp/jstl/sql is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:03 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.TaglibUriRule body
INFO: TLD skipped. URI: http://jakarta.apache.org/taglibs/standard/scriptfree is already defined
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:05 PM org.apache.myfaces.shared.config.MyfacesConfig createAndInitializeMyFacesConfig
INFO: Tomahawk jar not available. Autoscrolling, DetectJavascript, AddResourceClass and CheckExtensionsFilter are disabled now.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:05 PM org.apache.myfaces.webapp.AbstractFacesInitializer initFaces
WARNING: No mappings of FacesServlet found. Abort initializing MyFaces.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:06 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory manager
TomcatWebAppBuilder.start /manager
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder build
INFO: existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance() org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@34b23d12
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [OpenWebBeansJsfPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.BeansDeployer validateInjectionPoints
INFO: All injection points were validated successfully.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container has started, it took [9] ms.
using context file /home/user/bin/tomcat/SlidesServer/apache-tomee-webprofile-1.0.0-beta-2/webapps/manager/META-INF/context.xml
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.myfaces.shared.config.MyfacesConfig createAndInitializeMyFacesConfig
INFO: Tomahawk jar not available. Autoscrolling, DetectJavascript, AddResourceClass and CheckExtensionsFilter are disabled now.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.myfaces.webapp.AbstractFacesInitializer initFaces
WARNING: No mappings of FacesServlet found. Abort initializing MyFaces.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:07 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory docs
TomcatWebAppBuilder.start /docs
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder build
INFO: existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance() org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@34b23d12
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [OpenWebBeansJsfPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.BeansDeployer validateInjectionPoints
INFO: All injection points were validated successfully.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container has started, it took [14] ms.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.myfaces.shared.config.MyfacesConfig createAndInitializeMyFacesConfig
INFO: Tomahawk jar not available. Autoscrolling, DetectJavascript, AddResourceClass and CheckExtensionsFilter are disabled now.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.myfaces.webapp.AbstractFacesInitializer initFaces
WARNING: No mappings of FacesServlet found. Abort initializing MyFaces.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory ROOT
TomcatWebAppBuilder.start
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder build
INFO: existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance() org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@34b23d12
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [OpenWebBeansJsfPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.BeansDeployer validateInjectionPoints
INFO: All injection points were validated successfully.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container has started, it took [6] ms.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.myfaces.shared.config.MyfacesConfig createAndInitializeMyFacesConfig
INFO: Tomahawk jar not available. Autoscrolling, DetectJavascript, AddResourceClass and CheckExtensionsFilter are disabled now.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.myfaces.webapp.AbstractFacesInitializer initFaces
WARNING: No mappings of FacesServlet found. Abort initializing MyFaces.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:08 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory host-manager
TomcatWebAppBuilder.start /host-manager
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder build
INFO: existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance() org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@34b23d12
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [OpenWebBeansJsfPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.BeansDeployer validateInjectionPoints
INFO: All injection points were validated successfully.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container has started, it took [8] ms.
using context file /home/user/bin/tomcat/SlidesServer/apache-tomee-webprofile-1.0.0-beta-2/webapps/host-manager/META-INF/context.xml
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.myfaces.shared.config.MyfacesConfig createAndInitializeMyFacesConfig
INFO: Tomahawk jar not available. Autoscrolling, DetectJavascript, AddResourceClass and CheckExtensionsFilter are disabled now.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.myfaces.webapp.AbstractFacesInitializer initFaces
WARNING: No mappings of FacesServlet found. Abort initializing MyFaces.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.HostConfig deployDirectory
INFO: Deploying web application directory openejb
TomcatWebAppBuilder.start /openejb
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.CdiBuilder build
INFO: existing thread singleton service in SystemInstance() org.apache.openejb.cdi.ThreadSingletonServiceImpl@34b23d12
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container is starting...
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [CdiPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.webbeans.plugins.PluginLoader startUp
INFO: Adding OpenWebBeansPlugin : [OpenWebBeansJsfPlugin]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.BeansDeployer validateInjectionPoints
INFO: All injection points were validated successfully.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.openejb.cdi.OpenEJBLifecycle startApplication
INFO: OpenWebBeans Container has started, it took [9] ms.
using context file /home/user/bin/tomcat/SlidesServer/apache-tomee-webprofile-1.0.0-beta-2/webapps/openejb/META-INF/context.xml
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.myfaces.shared.config.MyfacesConfig createAndInitializeMyFacesConfig
INFO: Tomahawk jar not available. Autoscrolling, DetectJavascript, AddResourceClass and CheckExtensionsFilter are disabled now.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:09 PM org.apache.myfaces.webapp.AbstractFacesInitializer initFaces
WARNING: No mappings of FacesServlet found. Abort initializing MyFaces.
OpenEJB Loader init-params:
There are no initialization parameters.
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:10 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["http-bio-8080"]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:10 PM org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol start
INFO: Starting ProtocolHandler ["ajp-bio-8009"]
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:10 PM org.apache.catalina.startup.Catalina start
INFO: Server startup in 16795 ms
Apr 18, 2012 1:05:11 PM org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve invoke
SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [action] in context with path [/slides] threw exception [javax.ejb.EJBException: The bean encountered a non-application exception; nested exception is:
<openjpa-2.1.1-r422266:1148538 nonfatal general error> org.apache.openjpa.persistence.PersistenceException: null
FailedObject: Select s from SlideShow s [java.lang.String]] with root cause
最佳答案
听起来更像是从 Eclipse 启动 Tomcat/TomEE 时不使用 JavaAgent。有一个 openejb-javaagent jar 文件需要通过 -javaagent vm 参数在命令行上指定。
这将打开 OpenJPA 字节码增强器并使所有 JPA 功能正常工作。如果没有 -javaagent vm 标志，它也会有所工作，因为 OpenJPA 对基于子类的方法来实现 JPA 的支持有限(只有两种方法来实现 JPA:子类化实体类或字节码增强实体类)。例如，Hibernate 仅使用子类化，并且不需要 javaagent。
普通的 Tomcat 启动命令将包含以下参数:
/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/CurrentJDK/Home/bin/java
-Djava.util.logging.config.file=<tomcat-home>/conf/logging.properties
-Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
-Djava.endorsed.dirs=<tomcat-home>/endorsed
-classpath <tomcat-home>/bin/bootstrap.jar:<tomcat-home>/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
-Dcatalina.base=<tomcat-home>
-Dcatalina.home=<tomcat-home>
-Djava.io.tmpdir=<tomcat-home>/temp
org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
start
TomEE 安装将有一个额外的 -javaagent，因为 OpenJPA 需要它(如果使用 Hibernate，则可以省略)。
/System/Library/Frameworks/JavaVM.framework/Versions/CurrentJDK/Home/bin/java
-Djava.util.logging.config.file=<tomcat-home>/conf/logging.properties
-Djava.util.logging.manager=org.apache.juli.ClassLoaderLogManager
-Djava.endorsed.dirs=<tomcat-home>/endorsed
-classpath <tomcat-home>/bin/bootstrap.jar:<tomcat-home>/bin/tomcat-juli.jar
-Dcatalina.base=<tomcat-home>
-Dcatalina.home=<tomcat-home>
-Djava.io.tmpdir=<tomcat-home>/temp
-javaagent:<tomcat-home>/lib/openejb-javaagent.jar
org.apache.catalina.startup.Bootstrap
start
关于openejb - 有人可以从这个日志文件中告诉我 openejb 是在我的 web 应用程序之前还是之后启动的吗，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/10206128/