django - 从 ManyToMany 查询集中序列化数据

Question

class Food(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User)
    name = models.CharField(max_length=199)
    tags = TaggableManager()

class Box(models.Model):
    user = models.ForeignKey(User)
    food = models.ManyToManyField(Food, blank=True, null=True)

python管理.py shell:

box = Box.objects.filter(id=1)
myfood = box.food.all()

我需要所有 myfood 的 JSON。我如何序列化这些数据？

我的尝试:

data = serializers.serialize("json", myfood)

但是我有这个错误:

    if field.rel.through._meta.auto_created:
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_meta'

完整示例:(python manage.py shell):

>>> from django.core import serializers
>>> from app.models import *
>>> box = Box.objects.filter(id=1)
>>> myfood = box.food.all()
>>> data = serializers.serialize("json", myfood)

Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "<console>", line 1, in <module>
  File "/home/user/Pulpit/x/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/__init__.py", line 99, in serialize
    s.serialize(queryset, **options)
  File "/home/user/Pulpit/x/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/base.py", line 58, in serialize
    self.handle_m2m_field(obj, field)
  File "/home/user/Pulpit/x/local/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/serializers/python.py", line 65, in handle_m2m_field
    if field.rel.through._meta.auto_created:
AttributeError: 'NoneType' object has no attribute '_meta'

Answer 1

问题源于 django 附带的序列化器，特别是处理 m2m 字段的函数:

def handle_m2m_field(self, obj, field):
    if field.rel.through._meta.auto_created:
        if self.use_natural_keys and hasattr(field.rel.to, 'natural_key'):
            m2m_value = lambda value: value.natural_key()
        else:
            m2m_value = lambda value: smart_text(value._get_pk_val(), strings_only=True)
        self._current[field.name] = [m2m_value(related)
                           for related in getattr(obj, field.name).iterator()]

问题是，当它迭代对象的字段时，它还会找到 TaggableManager(它是一个管理器)，并将其视为字段。然后，field.rel.through._meta.auto_created 行会导致错误(因为它不是字段)。我能想到两种可能的修复方法:

1. 构建您自己的序列化器

2. 申请this fix.打开 django-taggit manager.py 并更改此行(在 TaggableManager init 函数内):

   class TaggableManager(RelatedField, Field):
        def __init__(self, verbose_name=_("Tags"),
            help_text=_("A comma-separated list of tags."), through=None, blank=False):
            Field.__init__(self, verbose_name=verbose_name, help_text=help_text, blank=blank)
   

   对此:

   class TaggableManager(RelatedField, Field):
        def __init__(self, verbose_name=_("Tags"),
            help_text=_("A comma-separated list of tags."), through=None, blank=False):
            Field.__init__(self, verbose_name=verbose_name, help_text=help_text, blank=blank, null=True, serialize=False)
   

这有点像黑客，但也许对你来说已经足够了。抱歉，我无法提供更多帮助!