假设我有一堆文件，其中一个文件的扩展名为 .txt，其他文件的扩展名为 .x.txt 其中 x 可以是任何内容。如何提取仅具有 .txt 扩展名的文件？
这是一个可重现的示例:
touch file.txt file.x.txt
echo *.txt
# file.txt file.x.txt
最佳答案
% touch file.txt file.x.txt
% echo [^.]#.txt
file.txt
来自 man zshexpn 的 FILENAME GENERATION 部分:
[...] Matches any of the enclosed characters. Ranges of characters can be specified by separating two characters by a `-'. A `-' or `]' may be matched by including it as the first character in the
list. There are also several named classes of characters, in the form `[:name:]' with the following meanings. The first set use the macros provided by the operating system to test for the given
character combinations, including any modifications due to local language settings, see ctype(3):
...
[^...]
[!...] Like [...], except that it matches any character which is not in the given set.
...
x# (Requires EXTENDED_GLOB to be set.) Matches zero or more occurrences of the pattern x. This operator has high precedence; `12#' is equivalent to `1(2#)', rather than `(12)#'. It is an error for
an unquoted `#' to follow something which cannot be repeated; this includes an empty string, a pattern already followed by `##', or parentheses when part of a KSH_GLOB pattern (for example,
`!(foo)#' is invalid and must be replaced by `*(!(foo))').
因此，这会匹配任何以 .txt 结尾且不包含其他 . 字符的字符串。
关于zsh - 如何在 zsh 中指定匹配 file.txt 但不匹配 file.x.txt 的 glob？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/21416095/