formatting - 如何在 LaTeX 中为大数组着色

Question

我想对大量的各个组进行不同的着色。例如

111222333444.555

我希望 111 为红色，222 为绿色，333 为蓝色，444.555 为黑色。

到目前为止，我用的是这个:

\newcommand{    \byte}[1]{{\textcolor[rgb]{0.0,0.0,0.0}{#1}}}
\newcommand{\kilobyte}[1]{{\textcolor[rgb]{0.0,0.0,0.5}{#1}}}
\newcommand{\megabyte}[1]{{\textcolor[rgb]{0.0,0.0,1.0}{#1}}}
\newcommand{\gigabyte}[1]{{\textcolor[rgb]{0.7,0.0,0.0}{#1}}}

\newcommand{\BBx}[1]{{\byte{#1}}}
\newcommand{\KBx}[2]{{\kilobyte{#1},\BBx{#2}}}
\newcommand{\MBx}[3]{{\megabyte{#1},\KBx{#2}{#3}}}
\def\BBrelax#1\relax{\BBx{#1}}
\def\KBrelax#1,#2\relax{\KBx{#1}{#2}}
\def\MBrelax#1,#2,#3\relax{\MBx{#1}{#2}{#3}}
\def\BB#1{\BBrelax#1\relax}
\def\KB#1{\KBrelax#1\relax}
\def\MB#1{\MBrelax#1\relax}

我会写

\MB{111,222,333.444} blah blah blah \KB{111,222}

但这有一个缺点，我自己必须确定数字有多大，并根据位数使用正确的命令，并且我必须手动用 , 分隔它们。 但是，现在我自动加载这些数据(csvreader)，所以我需要一个命令来自动完成所有这些操作。

基本上我搜索一个命令实现，我可以说

\mynumber{111222333444.666, red, green, blue, black}
\mynumber{111222.333, red, green, blue, black}

它对我来说是正确的事情(包括小数点在内的最后3位数字是黑色，千位是蓝色，百万位是绿色，十亿位是红色)有一个上限就可以了(例如处理组的最大数量)，但它必须能够处理大数和小数。

我尝试过的:我尝试使用\num 和\sepnum 命令，两者似乎都无法执行我想要的操作。我尝试自己用 fp 和一些巧妙的计算来实现它，但为此我需要浮点模和整数除法，这两者都不被该包支持。

有什么想法吗？提前致谢。

编辑: 我想这样使用它:

\documentclass{article}

\usepackage{csvsimple} % for csv reader
\RequirePackage{xcolor}

\begin{document}

\myno{.555}
\myno{111222333444.555}
\myno{111222333444}
\myno{444555666777888999.12345}

\begin{figure}[htp!]
\centering
\csvreader[tabular=r r, table head=Hello & World\\]{test.csv}{Foo=\foo,Bar=\bar}{\myno{\foo} & \myno{\bar}}
\caption{Baz}
\label{figure:baz}
\end{figure}

\end{document}

使用 csv 文件 (test.csv):

Foo,Bar
1,2
222,333
222333.444,11122233344555

Answer 1

请为您查找包含宏的示例 TeX 文件:

\documentclass{article}

\RequirePackage{xcolor}

\begin{document}

%111222333444.555
%I want 
%111 to be red, 
%222 to be green, 
%333 to be blue, and 
%444.555 to be black.

\makeatletter
% Two counters, one for each command and another for each digits.
\newcounter{myno}
\newcounter{mynod}

% Its nothing, but just to have \@nil command to parse the string.
\let\@nil\relax
% \myno will take the number and add .@@ after the number so that
% even if you have given a number without decimal it won't fail
\def\myno#1{%
 \expandafter\myNo#1.@@\@nil%
}
% Storing the default value if there is no decimal value
\def\parse@@{@@}
% Defining \myNo which contains either 000.00 or 000.@@ as argument
\expandafter\def\expandafter\myNo#1.#2\@nil{\def\myNo@two{#2}%
 % the counter of command is incremented
 \stepcounter{myno}%
 % the counter of digit is reset to 0
 \setcounter{mynod}{0}%
 % iterating through each digits and storing it in a control sequence
 % also note that here #1 will be digits before decimal
 \@tfor\xx:=#1\do{\stepcounter{mynod}%
   \expandafter\xdef\csname myno@\themyno @\themynod\endcsname{\xx}%
 }%
 % setting the total digits defined to a temp counter a and setting another temp counter b to 0
 \@tempcnta=\themynod%
 \@tempcntb=0%
 % make a loop if tempcnta>0
 \loop\ifnum\@tempcnta>0%
   \advance\@tempcntb by 1%
   \xdef\myCtr{\the\@tempcnta}%
   \xdef\myCtrb{\the\@tempcntb}%
   % setting the right colour at right position
   \textcolor{%
     \ifnum\myCtr<4 black\else%
     \ifnum\myCtr<7 blue\else%
     \ifnum\myCtr<10 green\else%
     \ifnum\myCtr<13 red\else%
     cyan\fi\fi\fi\fi%
     % putting the digit which was already stored
   }{\csname myno@\themyno @\myCtrb\endcsname}%
   \advance\@tempcnta by -1%
 \repeat%
  % if #2=@@ then there is no decimal stuff otherwise just strip .@@ which was already added in main macro
   \ifx\myNo@two\parse@@\def\decimal{}\else%
     \expandafter\myDec#2\@nil%
   \fi%
   % print decimal in black colour
   \textcolor{black}{\decimal}%
}
% strip .@@ if it is there
\def\myDec#1.#2\@nil{\def\decimal{.#1}}

\makeatother

\myno{.555}

\myno{111222333444.555}

\myno{111222333444}

\myno{444555666777888999.12345}

\end{document}