我正在尝试构建一个简单的消息应用程序，它使用rabbitmq作为其消息代理，并使用kivy作为其UI。因此，为了接收传入消息，我有一个循环的接收函数，但是当我尝试多处理该应用程序并运行它时，kivy 似乎正在打开多个窗口。请告诉我如何解决这个问题。
.py 文件
import pika
from kivymd.app import MDApp
from kivy.lang import Builder
from kivymd.uix.card import MDCard
from database import Database as D
from kivy.core.window import Window
from multiprocessing import Process
from kivymd.uix.label import MDLabel
from kivymd.uix.boxlayout import MDBoxLayout
from kivymd.uix.button import MDRectangleFlatButton
from kivy.uix.screenmanager import ScreenManager,Screen
Window.size = (400,700)
global logged_in_user
logged_in_user = ""
def receive():
CREDENTIALS = pika.PlainCredentials('redbarker', 'Redbarker@20-21')
PARAMETERS = pika.ConnectionParameters(credentials=CREDENTIALS)
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(PARAMETERS)
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange='system_exchange', exchange_type='topic', durable=True)
result = channel.queue_declare(queue='', exclusive=True)
queue_name = result.method.queue
channel.queue_bind(exchange='system_exchange', queue=queue_name, routing_key="command.#")
def callback(ch, method, properties, body):
print(body)
channel.basic_consume(queue=queue_name, on_message_callback=callback, auto_ack=True)
channel.start_consuming()
class LoginScreen(Screen):
def validate_user(self):
uname = self.ids.uname_input.text
pword = self.ids.pword_input.text
is_found = D().login(uname,pword)
self.ids.uname_input.text = ""
self.ids.pword_input.text = ""
if is_found:
logged_in_user = uname
self.parent.current = "users_screen"
class SignupScreen(Screen):
def signin(self):
uname = self.ids.uname_input.text
pword1 = self.ids.pword_input1.text
pword2 = self.ids.pword_input2.text
D().signup(uname,pword1,pword2)
self.parent.current = "login_screen"
class UsersScreen(Screen):
def to_inbox(self,text):
InboxScreen().change_header(text)
self.parent.current = 'inbox_screen'
def add_user(self,name):
container = self.ids.user_field
button = MDRectangleFlatButton(
text = name,
font_style = "H6",
text_color = (.95,.44,.49,1),
line_color = (.95,.44,.49,1),
pos_hint = {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5},
on_press = self.to_inbox(self.text),
)
container.add_widget(button)
class CreateGroupScreen(Screen):
def add_group(self):
container = self.ids.user_field
name = self.ids.username.text
if len(name) > 0:
card = MDCard(
size_hint_y = None,
height = 50,
line_color = (.95,.44,.49,1),
radius = 10,
padding = 10
)
label = MDLabel(
halign = "left",
text = name,
theme_text_color = "Custom",
text_color = (.95,.44,.49,1)
)
card.add_widget(label)
container.add_widget(card)
self.ids.username.text = ""
def remove_all_users(self):
for child in [child for child in self.ids.user_field.children]:
self.ids.user_field.remove_widget(child)
class AddUserScreen(Screen):
users = []
def add_user(self):
for name in self.users:
pass
def append_user(self):
name = self.ids.username.text
if len(name) > 0:
container = self.ids.user_field
card = MDCard(
size_hint_y = None,
height = 50,
line_color = (.95,.44,.49,1),
radius = 10,
padding = 10
)
label = MDLabel(
halign = "left",
text = name,
theme_text_color = "Custom",
text_color = (.95,.44,.49,1)
)
card.add_widget(label)
container.add_widget(card)
self.users.append(name)
self.ids.username.text = ""
def remove_all_users(self):
for child in [child for child in self.ids.user_field.children]:
self.ids.user_field.remove_widget(child)
class InboxScreen(Screen):
def change_header(self, text):
self.ids.header.text = text
def build_widget(self,message):
container = self.ids.text_field
layout = MDBoxLayout(
size_hint_y = None,
height = 50,
padding = (10,0),
)
card = MDCard(
radius = (0,10,0,10),
padding = 10
)
place_holder = MDBoxLayout()
label = MDLabel(
halign = "right",
text = message,
font_style = "H6",
theme_text_color = "Custom",
text_color = (.95,.44,.49,1)
)
card.add_widget(label)
layout.add_widget(place_holder)
layout.add_widget(card)
container.add_widget(layout)
def send(self):
message = self.ids.message_input.text
if len(message) > 0:
CREDENTIALS = pika.PlainCredentials('redbarker', 'Redbarker@20-21')
PARAMETERS = pika.ConnectionParameters(credentials=CREDENTIALS)
consumer = self.ids.header.text
connection = pika.BlockingConnection(PARAMETERS)
channel = connection.channel()
channel.exchange_declare(exchange = 'system_exchange', exchange_type='topic', durable= True)
channel.basic_publish(exchange='system_exchange', routing_key=f"Temesgen.{consumer}", body=message)
self.build_widget(message)
class WindowManager(ScreenManager):
pass
class ChatApp(MDApp):
def build(self):
return Builder.load_file('test.kv')
#if __name__ == "__main__":
# ChatApp().run()
if __name__ == '__main__':
ChatApp().run()
p1 = Process(target=receive)
p1.start()
.kv 文件
WindowManager:
LoginScreen:
SignupScreen:
AddUserScreen:
UsersScreen:
CreateGroupScreen:
InboxScreen:
<LoginScreen>:
name: "login_screen"
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding: 0,1
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .1
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
spacing: 20
padding: 20,10
Widget:
size_hint_y: .33
MDLabel:
halign: "center"
text: "Login"
font_style: "H4"
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
Widget:
size_hint_y: .33
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .4
spacing: 20
MDTextField:
id: uname_input
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5}
size_hint_x: None
width: 250
hint_text: 'Username'
mode: 'rectangle'
color: (0,1,1,1)
line_color_normal: (0,1,0,1)
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDTextField:
id: pword_input
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5}
size_hint_x: None
width: 250
hint_text: 'Password'
mode: 'rectangle'
color: (0,1,1,1)
line_color_normal: (0,1,0,1)
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDTextButton:
text: 'Sign Up'
underline: True
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {'center_x': 0.5, 'center_y': 0.5}
on_press: app.root.current = "signup_screen"
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .5
Widget:
size_hint_y: .33
MDRectangleFlatButton:
text: "Login"
font_size: 20
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.validate_user()
Widget:
size_hint_y: .6
<SignupScreen>:
name: "signup_screen"
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding: 0,1
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .1
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
spacing: 20
padding: 20,10
MDBoxLayout:
size_hint_x: .25
MDIconButton:
size_hint_x: .25
icon: "keyboard-backspace"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: app.root.current = "login_screen"
MDLabel:
size_hint_x: .5
halign: "center"
text: "Signin"
font_style: "H4"
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDBoxLayout:
size_hint_x: .25
Widget:
size_hint_y: .25
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .4
spacing: 20
MDTextField:
id: uname_input
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5}
size_hint_x: None
width: 250
hint_text: 'Username'
mode: 'rectangle'
color: (0,1,1,1)
line_color_normal: (0,1,0,1)
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDTextField:
id: pword_input1
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5}
size_hint_x: None
width: 250
hint_text: 'Password'
mode: 'rectangle'
color: (0,1,1,1)
line_color_normal: (0,1,0,1)
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDTextField:
id: pword_input2
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5}
size_hint_x: None
width: 250
hint_text: 'Confirm Password'
mode: 'rectangle'
color: (0,1,1,1)
line_color_normal: (0,1,0,1)
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .5
Widget:
size_hint_y: .33
MDRectangleFlatButton:
text: "Signin"
font_size: 20
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.signin()
Widget:
size_hint_y: .6
<UsersScreen>:
name: "users_screen"
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding: 0,1
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .1
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
spacing: 20
padding: 20,10
MDIconButton:
size_hint_x: .3
icon: "logout"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: app.root.current = "login_screen"
MDLabel:
halign: "center"
text: "Users"
font_style: "H4"
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDBoxLayout:
size_hint_x: .4
MDIconButton:
icon: "account-plus"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: app.root.current = "add_user_screen"
MDIconButton:
icon: "account-multiple-plus"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: app.root.current = "create_group_screen"
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .9
ScrollView:
size: self.size
pos: self.pos
MDList:
id: user_field
spacing: 10
padding: 10
MDRectangleFlatButton:
text: 'User-1 '
font_style: "H6"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.to_inbox(self.text)
MDRectangleFlatButton:
text: 'User-2 '
font_style: "H6"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.to_inbox(self.text)
MDRectangleFlatButton:
text: 'User-3 '
font_style: "H6"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.to_inbox(self.text)
<CreateGroupScreen>:
name: "create_group_screen"
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding: 0,1
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .1
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
spacing: 20
padding: 20,10
MDIconButton:
id: remove_button
size_hint_x: .2
icon: "keyboard-backspace"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: app.root.current = "users_screen"
MDLabel:
halign: "center"
text: "Create Group"
font_style: "H4"
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .9
padding: 20
spacing: 40
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .1
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
radius: 10
padding: 25,3
MDTextField:
id: username
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .4}
size_hint_x: None
width: 250
hint_text: 'Username'
MDIconButton:
id: add_button
size_hint_x: .2
icon: "account-multiple-plus"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.add_user()
MDIconButton:
id: remove_button
size_hint_x: .2
icon: "account-multiple-remove"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.remove_all_users()
MDCard:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .6
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
radius: 10
MDLabel:
size_hint_y: .1
halign: "center"
text: "Add Users"
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDBoxLayout:
size_hint_y: .9
ScrollView:
size: self.size
pos: self.pos
MDList:
id: user_field
spacing: 10
padding: 10
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .3
Widget:
size_hint_y: .33
MDRectangleFlatButton:
text: "Create Group"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
Widget:
size_hint_y: .33
<AddUserScreen>:
name: "add_user_screen"
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding: 0,1
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .1
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
spacing: 20
padding: 20,10
MDIconButton:
size_hint_x: .33
icon: "keyboard-backspace"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: app.root.current = "users_screen"
MDLabel:
halign: "center"
text: "Add Users"
font_style: "H4"
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
Widget:
size_hint_x: .33
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .9
padding: 20
spacing: 40
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .1
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
radius: 10
padding: 25,3
MDTextField:
id: username
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .4}
size_hint_x: None
width: 250
hint_text: 'Username'
MDIconButton:
id: add_button
size_hint_x: .2
icon: "account-multiple-plus"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.append_user()
MDIconButton:
id: remove_button
size_hint_x: .2
icon: "account-multiple-remove"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.remove_all_users()
MDCard:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .6
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
radius: 10
MDLabel:
size_hint_y: .1
halign: "center"
text: "Add Users"
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDBoxLayout:
size_hint_y: .9
ScrollView:
size: self.size
pos: self.pos
MDList:
id: user_field
spacing: 10
padding: 10
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .3
Widget:
size_hint_y: .33
MDRectangleFlatButton:
text: "Add Users"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.add_user()
Widget:
size_hint_y: .33
<InboxScreen>:
name: "inbox_screen"
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
padding: 0,1
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .1
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
spacing: 20
padding: 20,10
MDIconButton:
size_hint_x: .2
icon: "keyboard-backspace"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: app.root.current = "users_screen"
MDLabel:
id: header
halign: "center"
text: ""
font_style: "H4"
theme_text_color: "Custom"
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
MDBoxLayout:
orientation: "vertical"
size_hint_y: .9
ScrollView:
size: self.size
pos: self.pos
MDList:
id: text_field
spacing: 10
MDCard:
size_hint_y: .075
line_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
padding: 10,0
MDTextField:
id: message_input
size_hint: None,None
height: 100
width: 325
hint_text: 'Write'
color: (0,1,1,1)
line_color_normal: (.95,.44,.49,1)
text_color: (.95,.44,.49,1)
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .3}
MDIconButton:
id: send_button
icon: "send"
pos_hint: {"center_x": .5, "center_y": .5}
on_press: root.send()
最佳答案
您假装做的是同时运行 kivy。 kivy 中异步事件的最佳选择是使用 asyncio (如官方文档建议的那样)。首先，您必须确保您的应用程序从 asyncio.run() 而不是 App.run() 运行。为此，您必须导入 asyncio，并且还必须向您的 App 类添加一个方法。请参阅下面的示例:
import asyncio
######## MAIN APP ########
class ExampleApp(App):
def build(self):
#Your app stuff here
async def kivyCoro(self): #This is the method that's gonna launch your kivy app
await self.async_run(async_lib='asyncio')
print('Kivy async app finished...')
# This func will start all the "tasks", in this case the only task is the kivy app
async def base(self):
(done, pending) = await asyncio.wait({self.kivyCoro()},
return_when='FIRST_COMPLETED')
if __name__ == '__main__':
instanceApp = ExampleApp() #You have to instanciate your App class
asyncio.run(instanciaApp.base()) # Run in async mode
使用上面的代码，您将能够将tour kivy应用程序作为任务(同时)运行。
到目前为止，我们只是以异步模式(并发)运行 kivy 应用程序。在 Kivy 运行循环中添加其他任务:
import asyncio
######## MAIN APP ########
class ExampleApp(App):
def build(self):
#Your app stuff here
async def kivyCoro(self): #This is the method that's gonna launch your kivy app
await self.async_run(async_lib='asyncio')
print('Kivy async app finished...')
async def task2InsideKivyLoop(self): #Here you declare the other task
print('Another task running inside the kivy loop')
await asyncio.sleep(1)
# This func will start all the "tasks", in this case the only task is the kivy app
async def base(self):
(done, pending) = await asyncio.wait({self.kivyCoro(), task2InsideKivyLoop()},
return_when='FIRST_COMPLETED')
if __name__ == '__main__':
instanceApp = ExampleApp() #You have to instanciate your App class
asyncio.run(instanciaApp.base()) # Run in async mode
如您所见，要在 KivyLoop 中添加另一个任务，我们只需将其声明为 App 的异步方法。类，然后将其添加到 asyncio.wait()
如果你想在 kivyLoop 之外运行其他任务，你必须执行以下操作:
import asyncio
######## MAIN APP ########
class ExampleApp(App):
def build(self):
#Your app stuff here
async def kivyCoro(self): #This is the method that's gonna launch your kivy app
await self.async_run(async_lib='asyncio')
print('Kivy async app finished...')
# This func will start all the "tasks", in this case the only task is the kivy app
async def base(self):
(done, pending) = await asyncio.wait({self.kivyCoro()},
return_when='FIRST_COMPLETED')
######### GLOBAL COROUTINE #######
# Here you can import functions from other python files or just declare a global func
async def GlobalTask():
for i in range(10):
print('Other concurrently global task... ',i)
await asyncio.sleep(1)
if __name__ == '__main__':
async def mainThread():
instanceApp = ExampleApp() #Instanciate your App class
a = asyncio.create_task(instanceApp.base()) #Run kivyApp as a task
b = asyncio.create_task(GlobalTask()) #Run Global func as a task
(done, pending) = await asyncio.wait({a}, return_when='FIRST_COMPLETED')
asyncio.run(mainThread())
上面的示例可以让您在 kv 循环期间执行任何异步任务，无论是否在 kvLoop 内部
关于python - 使用 kivy 窗口同时运行循环，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/70721388/