带参数的 SQL 插入适用于 MSAccess，但不适用于 SQL Server

Question

我注意到，在连接到 MSAccess 2010 时，以下二进制数据插入工作正常，但是在连接到 SQL Server Express 2012 时，出现错误。这是代码:

Public Shared Sub InsertBlobs(ByRef hash As Hashtable)
    Dim constring As String
    Select Case CONNECTION_TYPE
        Case DBConnection.MS_Access07
            constring = "Provider=Microsoft.Ace.OLEDB.12.0;" & _
                        "User ID=Admin;" & _
                        "Data Source=" & ACCESS07_CONNECTION_STRING & ";" & _
                        "Mode=Read|Write;Extended Properties="""";Jet OLEDB:System Database="""";" & _
                        "Jet OLEDB:Registry Path="""";Jet OLEDB:Engine Type=5;Jet OLEDB:Database Locking Mode=0;" & _
                        "Jet OLEDB:Global Partial Bulk Ops=2;Jet OLEDB:Global Bulk Transactions=1;" & _
                        "Jet OLEDB:New Database Password="""";Jet OLEDB:Create System Database=False;" & _
                        "Jet OLEDB:Encrypt Database=False;Jet OLEDB:Don't Copy Locale on Compact=False;" & _
                        "Jet OLEDB:Compact Without Replica Repair=False;Jet OLEDB:SFP=False"
        Case DBConnection.MS_SQL
            constring = "Provider=SQLOLEDB;" & getSQLConnectionString()
    End Select
    Try
        Using myconnection As New OleDbConnection(constring)
            myconnection.Open()
            Dim sqlQry As String = "INSERT INTO [UAV_Archive] ([mission_id], [vehicle_plan_gzip], [msn_header]) VALUES " & _
                "(@mission_id, @vehicle_plan_gzip, @msn_header)"
            Using cmd As New OleDbCommand(sqlQry, myconnection)
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@mission_id", CInt(hash.Item("mission_id")))
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@vehicle_plan_gzip", CType(hash.Item("vehicle_plan_gzip"), Byte()))
                cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@msn_header", CType(hash.Item("msn_header"), Byte()))
                cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
            End Using
        End Using
    Catch ex As Exception
        Dim debugBreakHere As Integer = 0
    End Try

End Sub

当我处于 SQL Server 模式时遇到的错误是:

Must declare the scalar variable "@mission_id"

由于代码在我连接到 MSAccess 数据库时有效，所以我真的不确定如何为 SQL Server 解决这个问题。我知道我可以连接到 SQL Server，因为其他查询(选择查询)可以工作。我知道插入在我的帐户下工作，因为我能够进行基于字符串的插入。但我在这里犹豫不决。

如果是数据类型问题，为什么错误会与整数字段相关？

Answer 1

System.Data.OleDb 实际上并不支持命名参数。参数是位置，并且必须按照其占位符在命令文本中出现的顺序进行声明。

现在，Access OLEDB 提供程序将容忍命名参数。它将忽略名称并仅按其顺序排列，但对于具有名称的参数(和占位符)不会有问题。

SQL Server 的 OLEDB 提供程序更加挑剔，并且会拒绝您使用的命名参数。所以，对于 SQL Server ...

这将失败并显示您描述的错误消息:

Dim connStr As String
connStr = "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Server=(local)\SQLEXPRESS;Database=myDb;Trusted_Connection=yes"
Using conn As New OleDbConnection(connStr)
    conn.Open()
    Dim sql As String
    sql = "INSERT INTO Clients (LastName, FirstName) VALUES (@LastName, @FirstName)"
    Using cmd As New OleDbCommand(sql, conn)
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@LastName", "Thompson")
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@FirstName", "Gord")
        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
    End Using
End Using

但是，这会起作用:

Dim connStr As String
connStr = "Provider=SQLOLEDB;Server=(local)\SQLEXPRESS;Database=myDb;Trusted_Connection=yes"
Using conn As New OleDbConnection(connStr)
    conn.Open()
    Dim sql As String
    sql = "INSERT INTO Clients (LastName, FirstName) VALUES (?, ?)"
    Using cmd As New OleDbCommand(sql, conn)
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("?", "Thompson")  ' LastName
        cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("?", "Gord")  ' FirstName
        cmd.ExecuteNonQuery()
    End Using
End Using