google-apps-script - 提供 API key 以避免 Apps 脚本中的 map 服务出现命中限制错误

Question

我有一个 Google 表格，我们通过 Maps Service 获取两个纬度/经度之间的行驶距离。下面的函数可以工作，但矩阵有 4,500 个单元格，因此我收到“Hit Limit”错误。

如何在此处提供我的付费帐户的 API key ？

自定义函数

function drivingMeters(origin, destination) {
  if (origin=='' || destination==''){return ''}
  var directions = Maps.newDirectionFinder()
  .setOrigin(origin)
  .setDestination(destination)
  .getDirections();
  return directions.routes[0].legs[0].distance.value ;
}

使用示例:

A1: =drivingMeters($E10,G$9)

Where E10 = 42.771328,-91.902281
  and G9  = 42.490390,-91.1626620

Answer 1

根据文档，您应该 initialize the Maps service with your authentication details在调用其他方法之前:

Your client ID and signing key can be obtained from the Google Enterprise Support Portal. Set these values to null to go back to using the default quota allowances.

我建议将这些值存储在 PropertiesService 中并使用CacheService ，提供快速访问。使用这种方法，而不是将它们写入脚本项目的主体中，意味着它们不会被其他编辑器无意中复制，推送到共享代码存储库，或者如果您的脚本作为库发布，则它们不会对其他开发人员可见。

此外，我建议重写您的自定义函数以接受数组输入并返回适当的数组输出 - 这将有助于加快其执行速度。 Google 在自定义函数页面上提供了这样的示例:https://developers.google.com/apps-script/guides/sheets/functions#optimization

使用 props/cache 的示例:

function authenticateMaps_() {
  // Try to get values from cache:
  const cache = CacheService.getScriptCache();
  var props = cache.getAll(['mapsClientId', 'mapsSigningKey']);
  // If it wasn't there, read it from PropertiesService.
  if (!props || !props.mapsClientId || !props.mapsSigningKey) {
    const allProps = PropertiesService.getScriptProperties().getProperties();
    props = {
      'mapsClientId': allProps.mapsClientId,
      'mapsSigningKey': allProps.mapsSigningKey
    };
    // Cache these values for faster access (max 6hrs)
    cache.putAll(props, 21600);
  }
  // Apply these keys to the Maps Service. If they don't exist, this is the
  // same as being a default user (i.e. no paid quota).
  Maps.setAuthentication(props.mapsClientId, props.mapsSigningKey);
}
function deauthMaps_() {
  Maps.setAuthentication(null, null);
}

// Your called custom function. First tries without authentication,
// and then if an error occurs, assumes it was a quota limit error
// and retries. Other errors do exist (like no directions, etc)...
function DRIVINGMETERS(origin, dest) {
  if (!origin || !destination)
    return;
  try {
    return drivingMeters_(origin, dest);
  } catch (e) {
    console.error({
      message: "Error when computing directions: " + e.message,
      error: e
    });
    // One of the possible errors is a quota limit, so authenticate and retry:
    // (Business code should handle other errors instead of simply assuming this :) )
    authenticateMaps_();
    var result = drivingMeters_(origin, dest);
    deauthMaps_();
    return result;
  }
}

// Your implementation function.
function drivingMeters_(origin, dest) {
  var directions = Maps.newDirectionFinder()
  ...
}