python - 为什么我的 Docker 容器内的 pip 不安装预编译的包？

标签 python docker numpy scipy pip

在我的主机上安装 scipy:

❯ pip install scipy
Collecting scipy
  Downloading scipy-1.5.4-cp38-cp38-manylinux1_x86_64.whl (25.8 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 25.8 MB 2.4 MB/s 
Requirement already satisfied: numpy>=1.14.5 in /home/tomas/.pyenv/versions/3.8.2/envs/3.8.2@appdaemon/lib/python3.8/site-packages (from scipy) (1.19.4)
Installing collected packages: scipy
Successfully installed scipy-1.5.4

尝试在我的 Docker 容器中安装 scipy (acockburn/appdaemon:latest):

/conf # pip install scipy
Collecting scipy
  Downloading scipy-1.5.4.tar.gz (25.2 MB)
     |████████████████████████████████| 25.2 MB 274 kB/s 
  Installing build dependencies ... done
  Getting requirements to build wheel ... done
    Preparing wheel metadata ... error
    ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
     command: /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmpdj2d13lc
         cwd: /tmp/pip-install-o5ltw_ig/scipy
    Complete output (139 lines):
    lapack_opt_info:
    lapack_mkl_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries mkl_rt not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib', '/usr/lib/']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    openblas_lapack_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries openblas not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib', '/usr/lib/']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    openblas_clapack_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries openblas,lapack not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib', '/usr/lib/']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    flame_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries flame not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib', '/usr/lib/']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    atlas_3_10_threads_info:
    Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib/
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries tatlas,tatlas not found in /usr/lib/
    
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    atlas_3_10_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib/
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries satlas,satlas not found in /usr/lib/
    
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    atlas_threads_info:
    Setting PTATLAS=ATLAS
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib/
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries ptf77blas,ptcblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib/
    
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    atlas_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/local/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack_atlas not found in /usr/lib/
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries f77blas,cblas,atlas not found in /usr/lib/
    
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    accelerate_info:
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    lapack_info:
    customize UnixCCompiler
      libraries lapack not found in ['/usr/local/lib', '/usr/lib', '/usr/lib/']
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    lapack_src_info:
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
      NOT AVAILABLE
    
    setup.py:460: UserWarning: Unrecognized setuptools command ('dist_info --egg-base /tmp/pip-modern-metadata-ksceopr3'), proceeding with generating Cython sources and expanding templates
      warnings.warn("Unrecognized setuptools command ('{}'), proceeding with "
    Running from SciPy source directory.
    /tmp/pip-build-env-4401a2iy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:1712: UserWarning:
        Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) libraries not found.
        Directories to search for the libraries can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack]) or by setting
        the LAPACK environment variable.
      if getattr(self, '_calc_info_{}'.format(lapack))():
    /tmp/pip-build-env-4401a2iy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/numpy/distutils/system_info.py:1712: UserWarning:
        Lapack (http://www.netlib.org/lapack/) sources not found.
        Directories to search for the sources can be specified in the
        numpy/distutils/site.cfg file (section [lapack_src]) or by setting
        the LAPACK_SRC environment variable.
      if getattr(self, '_calc_info_{}'.format(lapack))():
    Traceback (most recent call last):
      File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 257, in 
        main()
      File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 240, in main
        json_out['return_val'] = hook(**hook_input['kwargs'])
      File "/usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py", line 110, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
        return hook(metadata_directory, config_settings)
      File "/tmp/pip-build-env-4401a2iy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 161, in prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel
        self.run_setup()
      File "/tmp/pip-build-env-4401a2iy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 253, in run_setup
        super(_BuildMetaLegacyBackend,
      File "/tmp/pip-build-env-4401a2iy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/setuptools/build_meta.py", line 145, in run_setup
        exec(compile(code, __file__, 'exec'), locals())
      File "setup.py", line 583, in 
        setup_package()
      File "setup.py", line 579, in setup_package
        setup(**metadata)
      File "/tmp/pip-build-env-4401a2iy/overlay/lib/python3.8/site-packages/numpy/distutils/core.py", line 137, in setup
        config = configuration()
      File "setup.py", line 477, in configuration
        raise NotFoundError(msg)
    numpy.distutils.system_info.NotFoundError: No lapack/blas resources found.
    ----------------------------------------
ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1: /usr/local/bin/python /usr/local/lib/python3.8/site-packages/pip/_vendor/pep517/_in_process.py prepare_metadata_for_build_wheel /tmp/tmpdj2d13lc Check the logs for full command output.

同样的事情也会发生在 numpy 上。

我的 Docker 容器和主机使用完全相同的 CPython 版本 (3.8.2)，并且都是 x86_64。为什么两个地方都没有安装预编译库？这是我能控制的吗？

最佳答案

事实证明 Docker 与它无关，而是与其中运行的操作系统无关。我使用的 Docker 镜像基于 Alpine，它使用 musl libc 而不是 glibc。所有 Python 预编译库都是为 glibc 编译的，至少目前如此，所以 Alpine 用户就不走运了。

https://github.com/pypa/manylinux/issues/37

关于python - 为什么我的 Docker 容器内的 pip 不安装预编译的包？，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/64760005/

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