我正在尝试在 ASP.NET Core 5 Web API 中实现基于 JWT 的身份验证。但是,当使用标有 [Authorize]
的 API 时,我总是会得到响应代码 401。属性。
这是我到目前为止所拥有的。首先我的AccountController
如果用户提供有效的用户名和密码,则发出 JWT:
[Authorize]
[ApiController]
[Route("api/" + Constants.ApiVersion + "/Accounts")]
public class AccountController : ControllerBase
{
private readonly UserManager<AppUser> _userManager;
private readonly IPasswordHasher<AppUser> _passwordHasher;
public AccountController(UserManager<AppUser> userManager, IPasswordHasher<AppUser> passwordHasher)
{
_userManager = userManager;
_passwordHasher = passwordHasher;
}
[AllowAnonymous]
[HttpPost]
[Route("Token")]
public async Task<IActionResult> Login([FromForm]LoginBindingModel model)
{
if(model == null)
{
return BadRequest();
}
if(!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
AppUser user = await _userManager.FindByNameAsync(model.UserName);
if(user == null || !await _userManager.CheckPasswordAsync(user, model.Password))
{
return Unauthorized();
}
SymmetricSecurityKey encryptionKey = new(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("TODO_Find_better_key_and_store_as_secret"));
JwtSecurityTokenHandler jwtTokenHandler = new();
SecurityTokenDescriptor tokenDescriptor = new()
{
Subject = new ClaimsIdentity(new[] { new Claim("UserName", user.UserName) }),
Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(7),
SigningCredentials = new SigningCredentials(encryptionKey, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256Signature)
};
SecurityToken jwtToken = jwtTokenHandler.CreateToken(tokenDescriptor);
string token = jwtTokenHandler.WriteToken(jwtToken);
return Ok(token);
}
[HttpPost]
[Route("ChangePassword")]
public async Task<ActionResult> ChangePassword([FromBody]ChangePasswordBindingModel model)
{
if(model == null)
{
return BadRequest();
}
if(!ModelState.IsValid)
{
return BadRequest(ModelState);
}
AppUser user = await _userManager.GetUserAsync(User);
if(user == null)
{
return new StatusCodeResult(StatusCodes.Status403Forbidden);
}
IdentityResult result = await _userManager.ChangePasswordAsync(user, model.OldPassword, model.NewPassword);
return GetHttpResponse(result);
}
...
}
这段代码似乎可以正常工作。它返回一个由 jwt.io 成功解析的 token 。并包含我放入其中的用户名。
接下来,Startup 类如下所示:
public class Startup
{
public Startup(IConfiguration configuration)
{
Configuration = configuration;
}
public IConfiguration Configuration
{
get;
}
public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
services.Configure<ApplicationSettings>(Configuration.GetSection(nameof(ApplicationSettings)));
services.AddIdentityCore<AppUser>(options =>
{
Configuration.GetSection(nameof(IdentityOptions)).Bind(options);
});
services.AddScoped<IPasswordHasher<AppUser>, Identity.PasswordHasher<AppUser>>();
services.AddTransient<IUserStore<AppUser>, UserStore>();
services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
options.SaveToken = true;
options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
ValidateIssuer = true,
ValidIssuer = "whatever",
ValidateAudience = true,
ValidAudience = "whatever",
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("TODO_Find_better_key_and_store_as_secret"))
};
});
services.AddMvc();
services.AddControllers();
}
// This method gets called by the runtime. Use this method to configure the HTTP request pipeline.
public void Configure(IApplicationBuilder app, IWebHostEnvironment env)
{
if(env.IsDevelopment())
{
app.UseDeveloperExceptionPage();
}
app.UseAuthentication();
app.UseRouting();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseEndpoints(endpoints =>
{
endpoints.MapControllers();
});
}
}
我正在向 Token
发送 HTTP POST 请求返回我 JWT 的路线。之后,我发送一个 HTTP POST 请求,请求正文中包含必要的 JSON 数据和 Authorization: Bearer <the JWT>
在标题中添加到 ChangePassword
路线。
但是,这总是返回响应代码 401,没有任何其他信息或异常。
我不知道Startup.ConfigureServices
有什么魔力实际上应该在幕后进行。无论如何,这显然是行不通的。有谁知道发生了什么以及如何使其发挥作用?
最佳答案
However, that always returns me response code 401 without any additional information or exception.
那是因为你将ValidateIssuer
和ValidateAudience
设置为true,但是生成的结果中没有Issuer
和Audience
token 。
一种方法是您可以在代码中设置Issuer
和Audience
:
SecurityTokenDescriptor tokenDescriptor = new SecurityTokenDescriptor()
{
Issuer= "whatever",
Audience= "whatever",
Subject = new ClaimsIdentity(new[] { new Claim("UserName", user.Name) }),
Expires = DateTime.UtcNow.AddDays(7),
SigningCredentials = new SigningCredentials(encryptionKey, SecurityAlgorithms.HmacSha256Signature)
};
另一种方法是您可以将 ValidateIssuer
和 ValidateAudience
设置为 false:
services.AddAuthentication(options =>
{
options.DefaultAuthenticateScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
options.DefaultChallengeScheme = JwtBearerDefaults.AuthenticationScheme;
}).AddJwtBearer(options =>
{
options.SaveToken = true;
options.TokenValidationParameters = new TokenValidationParameters
{
ValidateIssuer = false, //change here..
ValidIssuer = "whatever",
ValidateAudience = false, //change here..
ValidAudience = "whatever",
ValidateIssuerSigningKey = true,
IssuerSigningKey = new SymmetricSecurityKey(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("TODO_Find_better_key_and_store_as_secret"))
};
});
关于c# - ASP.NET Core 5 JWT 身份验证失败,响应代码为 401,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69634826/