您能告诉我如何将捕获组的内容填充到 Perl 中的哈希中吗?
示例:
我有一个文件:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qap5aO4i9A
http://example.com:8080/r/p?s=10&z=11#text
https://exapmle.com/test/p?var=100
http://test.org:81/
https://main.org
gopher://gopher.floodgap.com/gopher/relevance.txt
file:///home/user/.profile
gemini://transjovian.org/
我想将此文件的每一行分解为一组键值并将它们添加到哈希中,然后输出该哈希的内容。
我的脚本内容:
#!/usr/bin/env perl
use strict;
use utf8;
use warnings;
use feature qw(say);
use Data::Dumper;
sub parse_url {
my ($url) = @_;
if ($url =~ m#(.*):/(.*)#) {
my (%hash, $scheme, $domain, $port, $path, $query_string, $anchor);
$url =~ m!^(?<scheme>[^:]+):/{2,3}(?<domain>[^:/]+)(?::(?<port>(?:\d+)?)?)(?<path>(?:/[^?]+)?)(?:\?(?<query_string>(?:[^\#]+)?)?)(?:\#(?<anchor>(?:.+)?)?)!;
if(defined($scheme)) { $hash{'scheme'} = $scheme; }
if(defined($domain)) { $hash{'domain'} = $domain; }
if(defined($port)) { $hash{'port'} = $port; }
if(defined($path)) { $hash{'path'} = $path; }
if(defined($query_string)) { $hash{'query_string'} = $query_string; }
if(defined($anchor)) { $hash{'anchor'} = $anchor; }
return %hash;
}
}
while (my $row = <>) {
chomp $row;
say $row;
my %hash = parse_url($row);
print Dumper \%hash;
}
我想得到这个输出:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qap5aO4i9A
$VAR1 = {
scheme => 'https',
domain => 'www.youtube.com',
path => '/watch',
query_string => 'v=5qap5aO4i9A',
};
http://example.com:8080/r/p?s=10&z=11#text
$VAR1 = {
scheme => 'http',
domain => 'example.com',
port => '8080',
path => '/r/p',
query_string => 's=10&z=11',
anchor => 'text',
};
https://exapmle.com/test/p?var=100
$VAR1 = {
scheme => 'http',
domain => 'example.com',
path => '/test/p',
query_string => 'var=100',
};
http://test.org:81/
$VAR1 = {
scheme => 'http',
domain => 'test.org',
port => '81',
};
https://main.org
$VAR1 = {
scheme => 'https',
domain => 'main.org',
};
gopher://gopher.floodgap.com/gopher/relevance.txt
$VAR1 = {
scheme => 'gopher',
domain => 'gopher.floodgap.com',
path => '/gopher/relevance.txt',
};
file:///home/user/.profile
$VAR1 = {
scheme => 'file',
path => '/home/user/.profile',
};
gemini://transjovian.org/
$VAR1 = {
scheme => 'gemini',
domain => 'transjovian.org',
};
但我得到这个结论:
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qap5aO4i9A
$VAR1 = {};
http://example.com:8080/r/p?s=10&z=11#text
$VAR1 = {};
https://exapmle.com/test/p?var=100
$VAR1 = {};
http://test.org:81/
$VAR1 = {};
https://main.org
$VAR1 = {};
gopher://gopher.floodgap.com/gopher/relevance.txt
$VAR1 = {};
file:///home/user/.profile
$VAR1 = {};
gemini://transjovian.org/
$VAR1 = {};
感谢您的帮助!
最佳答案
您可以使用特殊变量 %+
(或 %{^CAPTURE}
)来获取命名捕获,如下所示:
use strict;
use utf8;
use warnings;
use feature qw(say);
use open ':std', ':encoding(utf-8)';
use Data::Dumper;
sub parse_url {
my ($url) = @_;
if ($url =~ m#(.*):/(.*)#) {
$url =~ m!
^(?<scheme>[^:]+):/{2,3}
(?<domain>[^:/]+)
(?::?(?<port>(?:\d+)?)?)
(?<path>(?:/[^?]+)?)
(?:\??(?<query_string>(?:[^\#]+)?)?)
(?:\#?(?<anchor>(?:.+)?)?)
!x;
my %hash = %+;
return %hash;
}
}
while (my $row = <>) {
chomp $row;
say $row;
my %hash = parse_url($row);
if (%hash) {
print Dumper \%hash;
}
else {
say " -> No match";
}
}
输出:
$VAR1 = {
'anchor' => 'text',
'path' => '/r/p',
'query_string' => 's=10&z=11',
'port' => '8080',
'scheme' => 'http',
'domain' => 'example.com'
};
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5qap5aO4i9A
$VAR1 = {
'scheme' => 'https',
'domain' => 'www.youtube.com',
'port' => '',
'anchor' => '',
'query_string' => 'v=5qap5aO4i9A',
'path' => '/watch'
};
https://exapmle.com/test/p?var=100
$VAR1 = {
'port' => '',
'scheme' => 'https',
'anchor' => '',
'path' => '/test/p',
'domain' => 'exapmle.com',
'query_string' => 'var=100'
};
http://test.org:81/
$VAR1 = {
'scheme' => 'http',
'domain' => 'test.org',
'port' => '81',
'anchor' => '',
'query_string' => '/',
'path' => ''
};
https://main.org
$VAR1 = {
'port' => '',
'scheme' => 'https',
'domain' => 'main.org',
'anchor' => '',
'path' => '',
'query_string' => ''
};
gopher://gopher.floodgap.com/gopher/relevance.txt
$VAR1 = {
'domain' => 'gopher.floodgap.com',
'scheme' => 'gopher',
'port' => '',
'query_string' => '',
'path' => '/gopher/relevance.txt',
'anchor' => ''
};
file:///home/user/.profile
$VAR1 = {
'port' => '',
'scheme' => 'file',
'domain' => 'home',
'anchor' => '',
'path' => '/user/.profile',
'query_string' => ''
};
gemini://transjovian.org/
$VAR1 = {
'domain' => 'transjovian.org',
'scheme' => 'gemini',
'port' => '',
'query_string' => '/',
'path' => '',
'anchor' => ''
};
关于regex - 将键和值从 Perl 正则表达式传递到哈希,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/69965270/