我有一个用@service注释的类(HttpHandler)。我正在为此服务类编写单元测试用例。 我在测试类中使用@Autowired注释来获取服务的对象。但是,当我运行单元测试时,它返回 NullPOinterException。有人可以帮助我吗?
下面是服务类的代码:
@Service
public class HttpHandler {
private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(HttpHandler.class);
/**
* Build the request and Perform Http Get request with headers
* @param url
* @param httpHeaders
* @param responseClass
* @param <T>
* @param <R>
* @return
*/
public <T,R> ResponseEntity<T> sendPost(String url, HttpHeaders httpHeaders, R requestBody, Class<T> responseClass) {
//create an instance of rest template
RestTemplate restTemplate = new RestTemplate();
HttpEntity<R> entity = new HttpEntity<R>(requestBody, httpHeaders);
logger.info("POST request to " + url + " with body: " + JsonUtil.jsonizeExcludeNulls(requestBody));
//make an HTTP POST request with headers
ResponseEntity<T> response = restTemplate.exchange(url, HttpMethod.POST, entity, responseClass);
logger.info("POST" + url + ": " + JsonUtil.jsonize(response));
return response;
}
}
我正在为 POST 调用编写单元测试用例。下面是 POST 调用的单元测试 公共(public)类 HttpHandlerTest {
@Autowired
HttpHandler httpHandler;
@Test
public void testSuccessPostUser() throws Exception{
String baseUrl = "http://localhost:8080/users";
List<String> messages = new ArrayList<>();
messages.add("Hi");
User user = new User();
user.setId(1);
user.setName("John");
user.setAge(22);
user.setMessages(messages);
HttpHeaders httpHeaders = new HttpHeaders();
httpHeaders.setContentType(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON);
httpHeaders.setAccept(Collections.singletonList(MediaType.APPLICATION_JSON));
HttpEntity<User> httpEntity = new HttpEntity<>(user, httpHeaders);
ResponseEntity<User> actual = httpHandler.sendPost(baseUrl, httpHeaders, user, User.class);
//verify request succeed
assertEquals(HttpStatus.CREATED, actual.getStatusCode());
assertEquals(201, actual.getStatusCodeValue());
assertTrue(actual.toString().contains("id"));
}
}
它给出以下错误:
java.lang.NullPointerException
at com.xyz.provisioning.xyz.utils.HttpHandlerTest.testSuccessPostUser(HttpHandlerTest.java:41)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
at java.base/jdk.internal.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:43)
at java.base/java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:566)
at org.junit.platform.commons.util.ReflectionUtils.invokeMethod(ReflectionUtils.java:686)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.MethodInvocation.proceed(MethodInvocation.java:60)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$ValidatingInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:131)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.intercept(TimeoutExtension.java:149)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestableMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:140)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.extension.TimeoutExtension.interceptTestMethod(TimeoutExtension.java:84)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker$ReflectiveInterceptorCall.lambda$ofVoidMethod$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:115)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.ExecutableInvoker.lambda$invoke$0(ExecutableInvoker.java:105)
at org.junit.jupiter.engine.execution.InvocationInterceptorChain$InterceptedInvocation.proceed(InvocationInterceptorChain.java:106)
最佳答案
对于 Junit 5(如评论中所述),您只需在测试类顶部添加 @SpringBootTest
即可。
@SpringBootTest
class HttpHandlerTest{
// ...
}
您不需要添加@ExtendWith(SpringExtension.class)
,因为它是由注解@SpringBootTest
自动导入的。
要为 Junit 4 获得相同的结果:
@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)
@SpringBootTest
class HttpHandlerTest{
// ...
}
关于java - Spring Boot @Autowired 在单元测试中返回 NullPointerException,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63186010/