spring-boot - Azure 表和 Blob 测试

Question

因此，我正在尝试进行与我正在实现的服务相关的 Azure 表和 Blob 测试。但是当我进行测试时，它说“无法模拟 TableServiceClient/TableClient，因为它们是最终类”(blob 也会发生同样的情况)。此外，当使用 Autowired 时，它会被检测为 null。

接下来是我要测试的代码，但主要问题是无法模拟 TableClient 和 TableServiceClient，因此我无法使用或模拟我创建的表的用法。

@Service
public class AzureServicesTables implements PreferencesPersistenceService {
    public final TableServiceClient tableServiceClient;
  
    private final String PARTITION_KEY = "PartitionKey";

    @Autowired
    public AzureStoragePreferencesPersistenceServiceImpl(TableServiceClient tableServiceClient) {
        this.tableServiceClient = tableServiceClient;
    }

    /**
     * This method obtains preferences from Azure Table Storage, returning default preferences
     * when user has no setup. The steps are:
     *  - Get user preferences from Azure Table
     *  - If user preferences are null, get default preferences
     */
    public String getUserPreferencesField(String user) {
        TableClient tableClient = this.tableServiceClient.getTableClient("Preferences");

        // Query of user preferences
        TableEntity entity = null;
        try {
            entity = tableClient.getEntity(PARTITION_KEY, user);
        }
        catch (Exception ex) {
            // Exception has to be voided in order to get default preferences
            LOGGER.info("User preferences not found: "+ex.getClass().getName());
        }
        // or default preferences if the user has no preferences defined
        if (entity == null) {
            entity = tableClient.getEntity(PARTITION_KEY, "default");
        }

        // Getting preferences values from entity
        String result = String.valueOf(entity.getProperties().get("value"));
        return result;
    }

    /**
     * Saves full preferences for the specified user
     * @param user User to which preferences belongs
     * @param preferences Preferences to be saved
     */
    private Preferences savePreferences(String user, String preferences) {
        PreferencesEntity entity = new PreferencesEntity(PARTITION_KEY, user, preferences);
        TableClient tableClient = this.tableServiceClient.getTableClient("Preferences");
        tableClient.upsertEntity(entity.toTableEntity());
        return entity.getPreferences();
    }

    /**
     * This method obtains preferences from Azure Table Storage, returning default preferences
     * when user has no setup. The steps are:
     *  - Get user preferences from Azure Table
     *  - If user preferences are null, get default preferences
     *  - Deserialize preferences to return DTO
     * @param user The user which user preferences belongs to
     * @return User preferences for the specified user
     */
    @Override
    public Preferences getUserPreferences(String user) {
        // JSON deserialization of user preferences
        return Preferences.buildFromJson(
                this.getUserPreferencesField(user));
    }

    /**
     * This method sets one specified user preference to the value specified. The resulting
     * preferences are validated before being saved.
     *
     * @param user The user to which the preferences belong to
     * @param preference Preference to be set
     * @param value Value to be set to the preference
     * @return Preferences which belongs to the user once modified
     */
    @Override
    public Preferences setUserPreference(String user, String preference, String value) {
        // Value assignment for user preferences. It is done this way, instead of getting value String
        // directly in order to have all the properties in the JSON object, not only that have been
        // specifically put on current preferences.
        DocumentContext jsonPreferences = JsonPath.parse(
                this.getUserPreferences(user).jsonString());
        jsonPreferences.set("$.."+preference, value);

        // Preferences persistence on database
        return this.savePreferences(user, jsonPreferences.jsonString());
    }
}

Answer 1

'Cannot mock TableServiceClient / TableClient because they are final classes.

• 感谢@dcolazin，正如 dcolazin 所说，似乎有一些方法可以直接使用 Mockito 模拟最终类或方法。谢谢dcolazin。

依赖关系:

<!-- Mockito dependency -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>org.mockito</groupId>
    <artifactId>mockito-core</artifactId>
    <version>3.12.4</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

<!-- JUnit dependency (if not already included) -->
<dependency>
    <groupId>junit</groupId>
    <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
    <version>4.13.2</version>
    <scope>test</scope>
</dependency>

• 将上述 Mockito 库添加到您的项目依赖项中，并在您的测试环境中正确配置它。

检查以下代码以使用 Mockito 来模拟类和方法。

import org.mockito.Mockito;

// Create a mock instance of your class
TableServiceClient tableServiceClientMock = Mockito.mock(TableServiceClient.class);
TableClient tableClientMock = Mockito.mock(TableClient.class);

// Define your expected behavior for the mocks
when(tableServiceClientMock.getTableClient("Preferences")).thenReturn(tableClientMock);

// Now, invoke your method under test and perform assertions
AzureServicesTables azureServicesTables = new AzureServicesTables(tableServiceClientMock);
String result = azureServicesTables.getUserPreferencesField("user");

• 使用 Mockito 模拟最终类或方法的能力可能取决于您使用的 Mockito 版本以及项目的具体设置。

这是他如何配置的示例教程 Mockito

第二种方法:

• 您检查过这个“How to mock a final class with mockito”

• GitHub - powermock/powermock