我正在使用 mssql，其中一列包含 json 数据，我想通过传递 id 来更新该 json 的数组部分。
{
"customerName":"mohan",
"custId":"e35273d0-c002-11e9-8188-a1525f580dfd",
"feeds":[
{
"feedId":"57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e",
"feedName":"ccsdcdscsdc",
"format":"Excel",
"sources":[
{
"sourceId":69042417,
"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"
},
{
"sourceId":69042419,
"name":"Turk Max"
}
]
},
{
"feedId":"59bbd360-c312-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e",
"feedName":"dfgdfgdfgdfgsdfg",
"format":"XmlTV",
"sources":[
{
"sourceId":69042417,
"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"
},
{
"sourceId":69042419,
"name":"Turk Max"
}
]
}
]
}
假设如果我要传递 customerId 和 feedId，它应该用我传递的 feed 更新整个 feed。
我尝试了以下查询，但没有帮助。
UPDATE
ExtractsConfiguration.dbo.Customers
SET
configJSON = JSON_MODIFY(configJSON,'$.feeds[]',{"feedName":"ccsdcdscsdc"})
WHERE
CustomerId = '9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c'
AND json_query(configJSON,'$.feeds[].feedId'='57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e');
最佳答案
@mohan，这是一个棘手的问题，我把它当作对自己的挑战。有一种方法可以像您所要求的那样更新嵌套 JSON 对象的值，但是，它并不像看起来那么简单。
因为您在数组中工作，所以您需要数组的索引才能更新嵌套值。在您的情况下，您不知道数组中的索引，但是，您确实有一个可以引用的键值，在这种情况下，您的 feedName。
为了更新您的值，您首先需要“解压”您的 JSON，以便您可以过滤特定的 feedName，在您的示例中为“ccsdcdscsdc”。
这是一个您可以在 SSMS 中运行的示例，它会让您朝着正确的方向前进。
我创建的第一件事是@Customers TABLE 变量来模仿您在示例中显示的数据结构并插入示例数据。
DECLARE @Customers TABLE ( CustomerId VARCHAR(50), configJSON VARCHAR(MAX) );
INSERT INTO @Customers ( CustomerID, configJSON ) VALUES ( '9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c', '{"customerName":"mohan","custId":"e35273d0-c002-11e9-8188-a1525f580dfd","feeds":[{"feedId":"57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"ccsdcdscsdc","format":"Excel","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]},{"feedId":"59bbd360-c312-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"dfgdfgdfgdfgsdfg","format":"XmlTV","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]}]}' );
针对@Customers 运行 SELECT 返回以下内容:
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CustomerId | configJSON |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c | {"customerName":"mohan","custId":"e35273d0-c002-11e9-8188-a1525f580dfd","feeds":[{"feedId":"57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"ccsdcdscsdc","format":"Excel","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]},{"feedId":"59bbd360-c312-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"dfgdfgdfgdfgsdfg","format":"XmlTV","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]}]} |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
接下来，我匹配了您的更新规则:更新一个嵌套的 JSON 值，该值仅限于特定的 CustomerId (9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c) 和一个 feedName (ccsdcdscsdc)。
正如我提到的，我们需要先“解压”JSON，因为我们不知道应该更新的具体键(索引)值。完成这两项任务(解包/更新)的最简单方法是使用公用表表达式 (CTE)。
所以，我是这样做的:
;WITH Config_CTE AS (
SELECT * FROM @Customers AS Customer
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON( configJSON, '$.feeds' ) AS Config
WHERE
Customer.CustomerId = '9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c'
AND JSON_VALUE( Config.value, '$.feedName' ) = 'ccsdcdscsdc'
)
UPDATE Config_CTE
SET configJSON = JSON_MODIFY( configJSON, '$.feeds[' + Config_CTE.[key] + '].format', 'MS Excel' );
CTE 允许我们“解包”(这个词是我编造的，因为它看起来很合适)configJSON 中包含的 JSON，然后我们可以对 feedName< 应用过滤器/strong>.
AND JSON_VALUE( Config.value, '$.feedName' ) = 'ccsdcdscsdc'
您还会注意到我们包含了 CustomerId 规则:
Customer.CustomerId = '9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c'
CustomerId 和 feedName 都可以很容易地成为 SQL 变量。
那么，这是做什么的呢？如果我们查看 Configs_CTE 结果集(通过将 UPDATE... 更改为 SELECT * FROM Config_CTE)，我们将看到:
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+
| CustomerId | configJSON | key | value | type |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+
| 9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c | {"customerName":"mohan","custId":"e35273d0-c002-11e9-8188-a1525f580dfd","feeds":[{"feedId":"57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"ccsdcdscsdc","format":"Excel","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]},{"feedId":"59bbd360-c312-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"dfgdfgdfgdfgsdfg","format":"XmlTV","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]}]} | 0 | {"feedId":"57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"ccsdcdscsdc","format":"Excel","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]} | 5 |
+--------------------------------------+-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+-----+----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+------+
此处有大量信息，但我们真正关心的是“关键”列，因为它包含我们要更新的提要索引(在本例中为 0)。
这样，就可以为“feed”的 feedName 为“ccsdcdscsdc”的“feed”完成从“Excel”到“MS Excel”的请求和更新格式。
这家伙(注意 Config_CTE.[key] 的使用):
UPDATE Config_CTE
SET configJSON = JSON_MODIFY( configJSON, '$.feeds[' + Config_CTE.[key] + '].format', 'MS Excel' );
成功了吗？让我们看看更新后的表的数据。
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| CustomerId | configJSON |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
| 9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c | {"customerName":"mohan","custId":"e35273d0-c002-11e9-8188-a1525f580dfd","feeds":[{"feedId":"57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"ccsdcdscsdc","format":"MS Excel","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]},{"feedId":"59bbd360-c312-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"dfgdfgdfgdfgsdfg","format":"XmlTV","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]}]} |
+--------------------------------------+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------+
这是经过“美化”的更新后的 JSON(很确定那不是我编的)。
{
"customerName": "mohan",
"custId": "e35273d0-c002-11e9-8188-a1525f580dfd",
"feeds": [{
"feedId": "57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e",
"feedName": "ccsdcdscsdc",
"format": "MS Excel",
"sources": [{
"sourceId": 69042417,
"name": "TV 2 Livsstil"
}, {
"sourceId": 69042419,
"name": "Turk Max"
}]
}, {
"feedId": "59bbd360-c312-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e",
"feedName": "dfgdfgdfgdfgsdfg",
"format": "XmlTV",
"sources": [{
"sourceId": 69042417,
"name": "TV 2 Livsstil"
}, {
"sourceId": 69042419,
"name": "Turk Max"
}]
}]
}
好吧，您知道了，feedName“ccsdcdscsdc”的格式已从“Excel”更新为“MS Excel”。我不清楚您要更新的内容，因此我使用了格式 进行测试/示例。
我希望这能让您朝着正确的方向前进。编码愉快!
这是可以在 SSMS 中运行的完整示例:
-- CREATE A CUSTOMERS TABLE TO MIMIC SCHEMA --
DECLARE @Customers TABLE ( CustomerId VARCHAR(50), configJSON VARCHAR(MAX) );
INSERT INTO @Customers ( CustomerID, configJSON ) VALUES ( '9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c', '{"customerName":"mohan","custId":"e35273d0-c002-11e9-8188-a1525f580dfd","feeds":[{"feedId":"57f221d0-c310-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"ccsdcdscsdc","format":"Excel","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]},{"feedId":"59bbd360-c312-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e","feedName":"dfgdfgdfgdfgsdfg","format":"XmlTV","sources":[{"sourceId":69042417,"name":"TV 2 Livsstil"},{"sourceId":69042419,"name":"Turk Max"}]}]}' );
-- SHOW CURRENT DATA --
SELECT * FROM @Customers;
-- UPDATE "format" FROM "Excel" to "MS Excel" FOR feedName: ccsdcdscsdc --
WITH Config_CTE AS (
SELECT * FROM @Customers AS Customer
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON( configJSON, '$.feeds' ) AS Config
WHERE
Customer.CustomerId = '9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c'
AND JSON_VALUE( Config.value, '$.feedName' ) = 'ccsdcdscsdc'
)
UPDATE Config_CTE
SET configJSON = JSON_MODIFY( configJSON, '$.feeds[' + Config_CTE.[key] + '].format', 'MS Excel' );
-- SHOW UPDATED DATA --
SELECT * FROM @Customers;
编辑:
i wanted to update the feed with the given feedId with the whole new feed
要用全新的提要替换一个“提要”，您可以执行以下操作:
-- REPLACE AN ENTIRE JSON ARRAY OBJECT --
DECLARE @MyNewJson NVARCHAR(MAX) = '{"feedId": "this_is_an_entirely_new_node","feedName": "ccsdcdscsdc","format": "NewFormat","sources": [{"sourceId": 1,"name": "New Source 1"},{"sourceId": 2,"name": "New Source 2"}]}';
WITH Config_CTE AS (
SELECT * FROM @Customers AS Customer
CROSS APPLY OPENJSON( configJSON, '$.feeds' ) AS Config
WHERE
Customer.CustomerId = '9ee07040-c001-11e9-b29a-55eb3439cd7c'
AND JSON_VALUE( Config.value, '$.feedName' ) = 'ccsdcdscsdc'
)
UPDATE Config_CTE
SET configJSON = JSON_MODIFY( configJSON, '$.feeds[' + Config_CTE.[key] + ']', JSON_QUERY( @MyNewJson ) );
运行后，提要现在显示为:
{
"customerName": "mohan",
"custId": "e35273d0-c002-11e9-8188-a1525f580dfd",
"feeds": [
{
"feedId": "this_is_an_entirely_new_node",
"feedName": "ccsdcdscsdc",
"format": "NewFormat",
"sources": [
{
"sourceId": 1,
"name": "New Source 1"
},
{
"sourceId": 2,
"name": "New Source 2"
}
]
},
{
"feedId": "59bbd360-c312-11e9-8af7-cf1cf42fc72e",
"feedName": "dfgdfgdfgdfgsdfg",
"format": "XmlTV",
"sources": [
{
"sourceId": 69042417,
"name": "TV 2 Livsstil"
},
{
"sourceId": 69042419,
"name": "Turk Max"
}
]
}
]
}
注意更新中 JSON_QUERY( @MyNewJson ) 的使用。这很重要。
来自微软的文档:
JSON_QUERY without its optional second parameter returns only the first argument as a result. Since JSON_QUERY always returns valid JSON, FOR JSON knows that this result does not have to be escaped.
如果您在没有 JSON_QUERY 的情况下传递 @MyNewJson，您的新 json 将被转义(例如，“customerName”变为\"customerName\")，就像它被存储为纯文本一样。 JSON_QUERY 将返回未转义的有效 JSON，这在您的情况下是必需的。
另请注意，我为替换整个提要与单个项目值所做的唯一更改是切换
'$.feeds[' + Config_CTE.[key] + '].format'
到
'$.feeds[' + Config_CTE.[key] + ']'.
关于json - 如何在 mssql 中更新 JSON 中的嵌套数组，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/57591635/