我正在尝试为我的程序制作一个非常简单的 GUI(这里我用测试函数替换了它)。我可以通过 gui 运行我的代码,但程序的输出显示在终端中。我希望输出在我的原始窗口中可见。
这是我的代码:
import tkinter as tk
from test import *
from tkinter import *
import os
root = tk.Tk()
canvas = tk.Canvas(root, height=400, width =550, bg ="#202020")
canvas.pack()
#frame = tk.Frame(root, bg="white");
#frame.place(relwidth=0.8, relheight = 0.8, relx=0.1, rely=0.1)
topFrame = tk.Frame(root, bg="#202020")
topFrame.place(relwidth=1, relheight = 0.75)
bottomFrame = tk.Frame(root, bg="#202020")
bottomFrame.place(rely=0.75, relwidth=1, relheight = 0.25)
launch = tk.Button(bottomFrame, text="Launch", bg="white", fg="#202020", font="noah 10 bold", padx=20, command=test)
launch.place(in_=bottomFrame, rely=0.5, relx=0.5, anchor=CENTER)
root.mainloop()
这是我从中调用该函数的另一个文件:
import os
def test():
print("Hello World")
os.system("ping 192.168.0.1 -c 4")
有什么方法可以捕获此函数的输出并将其实时显示在我的 gui 的 topframe 中?
最佳答案
您可以使用 write()
函数创建类,该类将文本插入 tkinter.Text
并将其实例分配给 sys.stdout
- 和然后 print()
将发送到 tkinter.Text
class Redirect():
def __init__(self, widget):
self.widget = widget
def write(self, text):
self.widget.insert('end', text)
#self.widget.see('end') # autoscroll
# some widget may need it
#def flush(self):
# pass
和
text = tk.Text(root)
text.pack()
# keep original stdout
old_stdout = sys.stdout
# assing Redirect with widget Text
sys.stdout = Redirect(text)
root.mainloop()
# assign back original stdout (if you need it)
sys.stdout = old_stdout
但是 os.system
你必须用 ie 替换。 subprocess.run()
捕获输出并 print()
它。
def test():
print("Hello World")
p = subprocess.run("ping -c 4 stackoverflow.com", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
print(p.stdout.decode())
最少的工作代码
import tkinter as tk
import os
import sys
import subprocess
# --- functions ---
def test():
print("Hello World")
p = subprocess.run("ping -c 4 stackoverflow.com", shell=True, stdout=subprocess.PIPE)
print(p.stdout.decode())
# --- classes ---
class Redirect():
def __init__(self, widget):
self.widget = widget
def write(self, text):
self.widget.insert('end', text)
#self.widget.see('end') # autoscroll
#def flush(self):
# pass
# --- main ---
root = tk.Tk()
text = tk.Text(root)
text.pack()
button = tk.Button(root, text='TEST', command=test)
button.pack()
old_stdout = sys.stdout
sys.stdout = Redirect(text)
root.mainloop()
sys.stdout = old_stdout
两个问题:
它在从 ping
获取所有文本后,将文本从 subprocess
发送到小部件 Text
。逐行显示可能需要更多工作。
test()
需要一些时间来完成工作,它会阻塞 tkinter
,因此它无法更新小部件并卡住。它可能需要在单独的 thread
中运行 test()
但我不知道这是否会带来其他问题,因为在许多 GUI 框架中你不能使用小部件分离的威胁。
编辑:
带有线程
的版本。它解决了以前的问题。
但它可能会有新的问题:)
您可以点击按钮两次,它会同时运行两个
ping
并混合来自两个ping
的字符串代码没有停止线程的方法(即当您运行
ping
时没有使用-c 4
)
代码:
import tkinter as tk
import sys
import subprocess
import threading
# --- functions ---
def run():
threading.Thread(target=test).start()
def test():
print("Hello World")
p = subprocess.Popen("ping -c 4 stackoverflow.com".split(), stdout=subprocess.PIPE, bufsize=1, text=True)
while p.poll() is None:
msg = p.stdout.readline().strip() # read a line from the process output
if msg:
print(msg)
print("Finished")
# --- classes ---
class Redirect():
def __init__(self, widget):
self.widget = widget
def write(self, text):
self.widget.insert('end', text)
#self.widget.see('end') # autoscroll
#def flush(self):
# pass
# --- main ---
root = tk.Tk()
text = tk.Text(root)
text.pack()
button = tk.Button(root, text='TEST', command=run)
button.pack()
old_stdout = sys.stdout
sys.stdout = Redirect(text)
root.mainloop()
sys.stdout = old_stdout
编辑:2021.08.19
带有 Scrollbar
和 autoscroll
的版本
import tkinter as tk
import sys
import subprocess
import threading
# --- classes ---
class Redirect():
def __init__(self, widget, autoscroll=True):
self.widget = widget
self.autoscroll = autoscroll
def write(self, text):
self.widget.insert('end', text)
if self.autoscroll:
self.widget.see("end") # autoscroll
#def flush(self):
# pass
# --- functions ---
def run():
threading.Thread(target=test).start()
def test():
print("Thread: start")
p = subprocess.Popen("ping -c 4 stackoverflow.com".split(), stdout=subprocess.PIPE, bufsize=1, text=True)
while p.poll() is None:
msg = p.stdout.readline().strip() # read a line from the process output
if msg:
print(msg)
print("Thread: end")
# --- main ---
root = tk.Tk()
# - Frame with Text and Scrollbar -
frame = tk.Frame(root)
frame.pack(expand=True, fill='both')
text = tk.Text(frame)
text.pack(side='left', fill='both', expand=True)
scrollbar = tk.Scrollbar(frame)
scrollbar.pack(side='right', fill='y')
text['yscrollcommand'] = scrollbar.set
scrollbar['command'] = text.yview
old_stdout = sys.stdout
sys.stdout = Redirect(text)
# - rest -
button = tk.Button(root, text='TEST', command=run)
button.pack()
root.mainloop()
# - after close window -
sys.stdout = old_stdout
关于python - 将终端输出重定向到 tkinter,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62335989/