bash - 如何将包含 JSON 的多行变量转换为 shell 中的单行？

Question

我在 shell 中有以下变量

{
  "type": "service_account",
  "project_id": "projectid234",
  "private_key_id": "aasdadsxzce5",
  "private_key": "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEvgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQCiWjA5+xF6gsGC\nOknIL9DOCQpV2LRXYPEKl5+mXuN45vwqh6QvG4lw/Hi7EJhtAn+FQy7+yOQYrw3l\nQ2CpxDotT+PT2OuQ6LVbc/F+SblPlrK3B+8aEMo57PZ+gnwMcQ7+ofPnzC635uUP\npOG0idMTK\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n",
  "client_email": "clinetmail@asdasd3435.iam.gserviceaccount.com",
  "client_id": "1234242342341",
  "auth_uri": "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth",
  "token_uri": "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token",
  "auth_provider_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/certs",
  "client_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadata/x509/assadjashd.iam.gserviceaccount.com"
}

如下所示:

export var1='{
      "type": "service_account",
      "project_id": "projectid234",
      "private_key_id": "aasdadsxzce5",
      "private_key": "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEvgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQCiWjA5+xF6gsGC\nOknIL9DOCQpV2LRXYPEKl5+mXuN45vwqh6QvG4lw/Hi7EJhtAn+FQy7+yOQYrw3l\nQ2CpxDotT+PT2OuQ6LVbc/F+SblPlrK3B+8aEMo57PZ+gnwMcQ7+ofPnzC635uUP\npOG0idMTK\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n",
      "client_email": "clinetmail@asdasd3435.iam.gserviceaccount.com",
      "client_id": "1234242342341",
      "auth_uri": "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth",
      "token_uri": "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token",
      "auth_provider_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/certs",
      "client_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadata/x509/assadjashd.iam.gserviceaccount.com"
    }'

现在想转成单行，怎么办？ 我尝试了各种解决方案，但没有奏效。例如，我使用了下面的代码，但在转换为 base64 并对其进行解码后，它只返回第一行。你介意帮帮我吗？

$((echo $var1 | tr -d '\n') | base64)

Answer 1

由于您要处理 JSON，我建议您使用 jq 这样的工具，它为我们提供了 --compact-output 选项，并且能够使用 @base64

编码为 Base64

---

到单行输出

jq --compact-output '' <<< "$test"

---

到Base64单行输出

jq --compact-output  '@base64' <<< "$test"

---

转Base64单行输出，并用bash解码

jq --compact-output --raw-output '@base64' <<< "$test" | base64 --decode

注意 --raw-output 以删除""。

---

以上行的本地 shell 示例:

$ test='{
  "type": "service_account",
  "project_id": "projectid234",
  "private_key_id": "aasdadsxzce5",
  "private_key": "-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEvgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQCiWjA5+xF6gsGC\nOknIL9DOCQpV2LRXYPEKl5+mXuN45vwqh6QvG4lw/Hi7EJhtAn+FQy7+yOQYrw3l\nQ2CpxDotT+PT2OuQ6LVbc/F+SblPlrK3B+8aEMo57PZ+gnwMcQ7+ofPnzC635uUP\npOG0idMTK\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n",
  "client_email": "clinetmail@asdasd3435.iam.gserviceaccount.com",
  "client_id": "1234242342341",
  "auth_uri": "https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth",
  "token_uri": "https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token",
  "auth_provider_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/certs",
  "client_x509_cert_url": "https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadata/x509/assadjashd.iam.gserviceaccount.com"
}'
$
$ jq --compact-output '' <<< "$test"
{"type":"service_account","project_id":"projectid234","private_key_id":"aasdadsxzce5","private_key":"-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEvgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQCiWjA5+xF6gsGC\nOknIL9DOCQpV2LRXYPEKl5+mXuN45vwqh6QvG4lw/Hi7EJhtAn+FQy7+yOQYrw3l\nQ2CpxDotT+PT2OuQ6LVbc/F+SblPlrK3B+8aEMo57PZ+gnwMcQ7+ofPnzC635uUP\npOG0idMTK\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n","client_email":"clinetmail@asdasd3435.iam.gserviceaccount.com","client_id":"1234242342341","auth_uri":"https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth","token_uri":"https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token","auth_provider_x509_cert_url":"https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/certs","client_x509_cert_url":"https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadata/x509/assadjashd.iam.gserviceaccount.com"}
$
$
$ jq --compact-output '@base64' <<< "$test"
"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"
$
$
$ jq --compact-output --raw-output '@base64' <<< "$test" | base64 --decode
{"type":"service_account","project_id":"projectid234","private_key_id":"aasdadsxzce5","private_key":"-----BEGIN PRIVATE KEY-----\nMIIEvgIBADANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAASCBKgwggSkAgEAAoIBAQCiWjA5+xF6gsGC\nOknIL9DOCQpV2LRXYPEKl5+mXuN45vwqh6QvG4lw/Hi7EJhtAn+FQy7+yOQYrw3l\nQ2CpxDotT+PT2OuQ6LVbc/F+SblPlrK3B+8aEMo57PZ+gnwMcQ7+ofPnzC635uUP\npOG0idMTK\n-----END PRIVATE KEY-----\n","client_email":"clinetmail@asdasd3435.iam.gserviceaccount.com","client_id":"1234242342341","auth_uri":"https://accounts.google.com/o/oauth2/auth","token_uri":"https://oauth2.googleapis.com/token","auth_provider_x509_cert_url":"https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/certs","client_x509_cert_url":"https://www.googleapis.com/robot/v1/metadata/x509/assadjashd.iam.gserviceaccount.com"}%
$
$