r - R 中数据集中具有最小值和最大值的列名

Question

我有这个数据集:

   Year  January February March April   May  June  July August 
   <chr>   <dbl>    <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>         
 1 2018     45        51    63    61    79    85    88     85         
 2 2017     51        60    65    69    75    82    86     84          
 3 2016     47        55    61    68    72    84    87     85        
... with 20 more rows     

我想得到每行的最小值和最大值对应的月份，以及最大值和最小值之间的差值。这是我的最小值和最大值代码，

x <- colnames(data)[apply(data[,c(2:9)],1,which.max)]
y <- colnames(data)[apply(data[,c(2:9)],1,which.min)]
data$MaxMonth <- x
data$MinMonth <- y

但是，它给我 Year 作为某些 which.min 函数的输出。

   Year    January February March April May  June  July  August   MaxMonth  MinMonth    Diff
   <chr>   <dbl>    <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>  <dbl>          
 1 2018     45        51    63    61    79    85    88     85      July      January    43
 2 2017     51        60    65    69    75    82    86     84      July      Year       35
 3 2016     47        55    61    68    72    84    87     85      July      Year       40
... with 20 more rows 

Answer 1

我们可以使用 pivot_longer reshape 为长格式，按 'Year' 进行分组，获取对应于 'value' 的 max/min 的列名(与which.max/which.min) 然后加入原始数据

library(dplyr)
library(tidyr)
df %>% 
    pivot_longer(cols = -1) %>%
    group_by(Year) %>%
    summarise(maxMonth = name[which.max(value)],
           minMonth = name[which.min(value)]) %>%
    left_join(df, .)