c++ - std::vector<std::string> 崩溃

Question

这个问题是 my question 的延续.

这是有问题的代码。

嗯:

#include <string>
#include <vector>

std::vector<std::string> foo();

a.cpp

#include "a.h"

std::vector<std::string> foo()
{
   std::vector<std::string> v;
   return v;
}

最后是 main.cpp:

#include "a.h"
#include <iostream>

int main()
{
    std::vector<std::string> s = foo();

    return 0;
}

编译如下(main.cpp是带STL调试标志编译的):

g++ -c a.cpp
g++ -D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG main.cpp a.o

运行 a.out 时，进程崩溃:

Core was generated by `./a.out'.
Program terminated with signal 11, Segmentation fault.
#0  0x00007fe355998c43 in __gnu_debug::_Safe_iterator_base::_M_detach_single() () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
(gdb) bt
#0  0x00007fe355998c43 in __gnu_debug::_Safe_iterator_base::_M_detach_single() () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
#1  0x00007fe355999ebc in __gnu_debug::_Safe_sequence_base::_M_detach_all() () from /usr/lib64/libstdc++.so.6
#2  0x0000000000400cac in __gnu_debug::_Safe_sequence_base::~_Safe_sequence_base() ()
#3  0x0000000000400cc6 in __gnu_debug::_Safe_sequence<std::__debug::vector<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > > >::~_Safe_sequence() ()
#4  0x0000000000400ce7 in std::__debug::vector<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> >, std::allocator<std::basic_string<char, std::char_traits<char>, std::allocator<char> > > >::~vector() ()
#5  0x0000000000400c35 in main ()

我的海湾合作委员会:

Using built-in specs.
Target: x86_64-suse-linux
Configured with: ../configure --prefix=/usr --infodir=/usr/share/info --mandir=/usr/share/man --libdir=/usr/lib64 --libexecdir=/usr/lib64 --enable-languages=c,c++,objc,fortran,obj-c++,java,ada --enable-checking=release --with-gxx-include-dir=/usr/include/c++/4.4 --enable-ssp --disable-libssp --with-bugurl=http://bugs.opensuse.org/ --with-pkgversion='SUSE Linux' --disable-libgcj --disable-libmudflap --with-slibdir=/lib64 --with-system-zlib --enable-__cxa_atexit --enable-libstdcxx-allocator=new --disable-libstdcxx-pch --enable-version-specific-runtime-libs --program-suffix=-4.4 --enable-linux-futex --without-system-libunwind --with-arch-32=i586 --with-tune=generic --build=x86_64-suse-linux
Thread model: posix
gcc version 4.4.1 [gcc-4_4-branch revision 150839] (SUSE Linux)

Answer 1

您的问题是将 -D_GLIBCXX_DEBUG 仅传递给 a.cpp。此标志将额外的调试信息添加到 STL 结构，因此它的用法必须在项目中的所有文件中保持一致。否则，不同的文件不同意 std::vector 和 std::string 的内存布局，导致未定义的行为(在您的情况下是崩溃)。