问题描述
我尝试让代码在 64 位 VBA 下运行，而这在 32 位 VBA 下运行良好。
这是关于公共(public)控件任务对话框。
我用的是Microsoft Access，但在其他VBA主机上应该也有同样的问题。
一部分在(32 位和 64 位)VBA 中都可以正常工作，另一部分则不能。
TaskDialog API 在(32 位和 64 位)VBA 中运行良好
您可以启动程序TestTaskDlg进行测试。
Option Explicit
'Original API definition:
'------------------------
'HRESULT TaskDialog(
' HWND hwndOwner,
' HINSTANCE hInstance,
' PCWSTR pszWindowTitle,
' PCWSTR pszMainInstruction,
' PCWSTR pszContent,
' TASKDIALOG_COMMON_BUTTON_FLAGS dwCommonButtons,
' PCWSTR pszIcon,
' int *pnButton
');
Private Declare PtrSafe Function TaskDialog Lib "Comctl32.dll" _
(ByVal hWndParent As LongPtr, _
ByVal hInstance As LongPtr, _
ByVal pszWindowTitle As LongPtr, _
ByVal pszMainInstruction As LongPtr, _
ByVal pszContent As LongPtr, _
ByVal dwCommonButtons As Long, _
ByVal pszIcon As LongPtr, _
ByRef pnButton As Long _
) As Long
'Works fine with 32-Bit VBA and 64-Bit VBA:
Public Sub TestTaskDlg()
Debug.Print TaskDlg("Title", "MainInstructionText", "ContentText")
End Sub
Public Function TaskDlg( _
sWindowTitle As String, _
sMainInstruction As String, _
sContent As String _
) As Long
On Local Error GoTo Catch
Dim clickedButton As Long
TaskDlg = TaskDialog(0, _
0, _
StrPtr(sWindowTitle), _
StrPtr(sMainInstruction), _
StrPtr(sContent), _
0, _
0, _
clickedButton)
Debug.Print "Clicked button:", clickedButton
Done:
Exit Function
Catch:
MsgBox Err.Description, , Err.Number
Resume Done
End Function
TaskDialogIndirect API 仅在 32 位 VBA 中运行良好
您可以启动程序TestTaskDlgIndirect进行测试。
在 64 位 VBA 中它返回 E_INVALIDARG (0x80070057 | -2147024809) , 以某种方式指向无效参数...
如果我使用 Len()而不是 LenB()并注释这三行代码，它显示了一个正确的(空的)对话框，所以调用 TaskDialogIndirect应该是正确的。
tdlgConfig.pszWindowTitle = StrPtr(sWindowTitle)
tdlgConfig.pszMainInstruction = StrPtr(sMainInstruction)
tdlgConfig.pszContent = StrPtr(sContent)
有人知道为什么它不能在 64 位 VBA 中工作吗？
在我看来，我已经从 Long 转换了类型至 LongPtr
我预计这是在运行时存储在结构中的值/指针的问题。
也许是一些高/低字节的东西？
感谢任何帮助。 :-)
Option Explicit
'Original API definition:
'------------------------
'typedef struct _TASKDIALOGCONFIG {
' UINT cbSize;
' HWND hwndParent;
' HINSTANCE hInstance;
' TASKDIALOG_FLAGS dwFlags;
' TASKDIALOG_COMMON_BUTTON_FLAGS dwCommonButtons;
' PCWSTR pszWindowTitle;
' union {
' HICON hMainIcon;
' PCWSTR pszMainIcon;
' } DUMMYUNIONNAME;
' PCWSTR pszMainInstruction;
' PCWSTR pszContent;
' UINT cButtons;
' const TASKDIALOG_BUTTON *pButtons;
' int nDefaultButton;
' UINT cRadioButtons;
' const TASKDIALOG_BUTTON *pRadioButtons;
' int nDefaultRadioButton;
' PCWSTR pszVerificationText;
' PCWSTR pszExpandedInformation;
' PCWSTR pszExpandedControlText;
' PCWSTR pszCollapsedControlText;
' union {
' HICON hFooterIcon;
' PCWSTR pszFooterIcon;
' } DUMMYUNIONNAME2;
' PCWSTR pszFooter;
' PFTASKDIALOGCALLBACK pfCallback;
' LONG_PTR lpCallbackData;
' UINT cxWidth;
'} TASKDIALOGCONFIG;
Public Type TASKDIALOGCONFIG
cbSize As Long 'UINT
hWndParent As LongPtr 'HWND
hInstance As LongPtr 'HINSTANCE
dwFlags As Long 'TASKDIALOG_FLAGS
dwCommonButtons As Long 'TASKDIALOG_COMMON_BUTTON_FLAGS
pszWindowTitle As LongPtr 'PCWSTR
' Union
' {
hMainIcon As LongPtr 'Union means that the biggest type has to be declared: So LongPtr
' hMainIcon 'HICON
' pszMainIcon 'PCWSTR
' };
pszMainInstruction As LongPtr 'PCWSTR
pszContent As LongPtr 'PCWSTR
cButtons As Long 'UINT
pButtons As LongPtr 'TASKDIALOG_BUTTON *pButtons;
nDefaultButton As Long 'INT
cRadioButtons As Long 'UINT
pRadioButtons As LongPtr 'TASKDIALOG_BUTTON *pRadioButtons;
nDefaultRadioButton As Long 'INT
pszVerificationText As LongPtr 'PCWSTR
pszExpandedInformation As LongPtr 'PCWSTR
pszExpandedControlText As LongPtr 'PCWSTR
pszCollapsedControlText As LongPtr 'PCWSTR
'Union
'{
hFooterIcon As LongPtr 'Union means that the biggest type has to be declared: So LongPtr
' hFooterIcon 'HICON
' pszFooterIcon 'PCWSTR
'};
pszFooter As LongPtr 'PCWSTR
pfCallback As LongPtr 'PFTASKDIALOGCALLBACK
lpCallbackData As LongPtr 'LONG_PTR
cxWidth As Long 'UINT
End Type
'Original API definition:
'------------------------
'HRESULT TaskDialogIndirect(
' const TASKDIALOGCONFIG *pTaskConfig,
' int *pnButton,
' int *pnRadioButton,
' BOOL *pfVerificationFlagChecked
');
Private Declare PtrSafe Function TaskDialogIndirect Lib "Comctl32.dll" ( _
ByRef pTaskConfig As TASKDIALOGCONFIG, _
ByRef pnButton As Long, _
ByRef pnRadioButton As Long, _
ByRef pfVerificationFlagChecked As Long _
) As Long
'Works fine with 32-Bit VBA. But with 64-Bit VBA it returns E_INVALIDARG (0x80070057 | -2147024809)
Public Sub TestTaskDlgIndirect()
Debug.Print TaskDlgIndirect("Title", "MainInstructionText", "ContentText")
End Sub
Public Function TaskDlgIndirect( _
sWindowTitle As String, _
sMainInstruction As String, _
sContent As String _
) As Long
On Local Error GoTo Catch
Dim tdlgConfig As TASKDIALOGCONFIG
tdlgConfig.cbSize = LenB(tdlgConfig)
'Usually LenB() should be the right way to use, but when I use Len() and comment the three texts below, it shows a proper empty dialog!
tdlgConfig.pszWindowTitle = StrPtr(sWindowTitle)
tdlgConfig.pszMainInstruction = StrPtr(sMainInstruction)
tdlgConfig.pszContent = StrPtr(sContent)
Dim clickedButton As Long
Dim selectedRadio As Long
Dim verificationFlagChecked As Long
TaskDlgIndirect = TaskDialogIndirect(tdlgConfig, clickedButton, _
selectedRadio, verificationFlagChecked)
Debug.Print "Clicked button:", clickedButton
Done:
Exit Function
Catch:
MsgBox Err.Description, , Err.Number
Resume Done
End Function
更新
一些新见解:
似乎TASKDIALOGCONFIG在内部使用 1 字节打包。
在 32 位 VBA(对结构使用 4 字节填充)中这无关紧要，因为结构的所有成员都是
Long类型所以 4 个字节，所以根本没有填充。
同样在这个星座中，使用Len(tdlgConfig)没有区别。 ，它只计算数据类型的总和，以及LenB(tdlgConfig)，它确实计算了结构的实际大小。
两者都在这里产生 96 个字节。但是在 64 位 VBA(它对结构使用 8 字节填充)中，一些结构成员的类型是
Long(4 字节)，有些是LongLong(8 字节)(声明为LongPtr以实现 32 位兼容性)。 这导致 VBA 应用填充，这就是为什么Len(tdlgConfig)的原因返回160和LenB(tdlgConfig)176.因为我的测试没有提供任何文本(注释提到的 3 行代码)，所以只有当我使用
Len(tdlgConfig)时才会显示一个对话框。 (而不是LenB(tdlgConfig))得出相同的结论，即 64 位 API 只需要 160 字节的结构。
因此，为了提供一个 160 字节的结构，我用它来进行测试:
Public Type TASKDIALOGCONFIG
cbSize As Long
dummy2 As Long
dummy3 As Long
dummy4 As Long
dummy5 As Long
dummy6 As Long
dwCommonButtons As Long
dummy8 As Long
dummy9 As Long
dummy10 As Long
dummy11 As Long
dummy12 As Long
dummy13 As Long
dummy14 As Long
dummy15 As Long
dummy16 As Long
dummy17 As Long
dummy18 As Long
nDefaultButton As Long
dummy20 As Long
dummy21 As Long
dummy22 As Long
dummy23 As Long
dummy24 As Long
dummy25 As Long
dummy26 As Long
dummy27 As Long
dummy28 As Long
dummy29 As Long
dummy30 As Long
dummy31 As Long
dummy32 As Long
dummy33 As Long
dummy34 As Long
dummy35 As Long
dummy36 As Long
dummy37 As Long
dummy38 As Long
dummy39 As Long
dummy40 As Long
End Type
现在，Len(tdlgConfig)和 LenB(tdlgConfig)返回 160。
调用没有文本的空对话框仍然运行良好。
我现在可以设置 dwCommonButtons和 nDefaultButton (都输入 Long )并且到目前为止它工作正常。
例如:
Public Enum TD_COMMON_BUTTON_FLAGS
TDCBF_OK_BUTTON = &H1& '// Selected control returns value IDOK
TDCBF_YES_BUTTON = &H2& '// Selected control returns value IDYES
TDCBF_NO_BUTTON = &H4& '// Selected control returns value IDNO
TDCBF_CANCEL_BUTTON = &H8& '// Selected control returns value IDCANCEL
TDCBF_RETRY_BUTTON = &H10& '// Selected control returns value IDRETRY
TDCBF_CLOSE_BUTTON = &H20& '// Selected control returns value IDCLOSE
End Enum
'typedef DWORD TASKDIALOG_COMMON_BUTTON_FLAGS; // Note: _TASKDIALOG_COMMON_BUTTON_FLAGS is an int
Public Enum TD_COMMON_BUTTON_RETURN_CODES
IDOK = 1
IDCANCEL = 2
IDRETRY = 4
IDYES = 6
IDNO = 7
IDCLOSE = 8
End Enum
tdlgConfig.dwCommonButtons = TDCBF_YES_BUTTON Or TDCBF_NO_BUTTON
tdlgConfig.nDefaultButton = IDNO
所以我可以预期结构的大小很好，现在我必须找出如何设置 LongLong ( LongPtr ) 类型...
最佳答案
最后我在 64 位 VBA 中设置要使用的图标和结构中的字符串。
这是新结构，我在其中为主要图标和主要说明文本的成员命名:
Public Type TASKDIALOGCONFIG
cbSize As Long
dummy2 As Long
dummy3 As Long
dummy4 As Long
dummy5 As Long
dummy6 As Long
dwCommonButtons As Long
dummy8 As Long
dummy9 As Long
hMainIcon1 As Long
hMainIcon2 As Long
pszMainInstruction1 As Long
pszMainInstruction2 As Long
dummy14 As Long
dummy15 As Long
dummy16 As Long
dummy17 As Long
dummy18 As Long
nDefaultButton As Long
dummy20 As Long
dummy21 As Long
dummy22 As Long
dummy23 As Long
dummy24 As Long
dummy25 As Long
dummy26 As Long
dummy27 As Long
dummy28 As Long
dummy29 As Long
dummy30 As Long
dummy31 As Long
dummy32 As Long
dummy33 As Long
dummy34 As Long
dummy35 As Long
dummy36 As Long
dummy37 As Long
dummy38 As Long
dummy39 As Long
dummy40 As Long
End Type
因为结构中的 LongLong 值现在都被拆分成单独的 Long 值，所以我无法以通用方式设置它们。
经过反复尝试，我找到了一种设置图标的方法。按照在 32 位 VBA 中必须完成的相同方式设置第一个 Long 值就足够了:
Const TD_SECURITY_ICON_OK As Integer = -8
tdlgConfig.hMainIcon1 = &HFFFF And TD_SECURITY_ICON_OK
将指针设置为字符串也有点棘手。我终于声明了 CopyMemory API 子...
Private Declare PtrSafe Sub CopyMemory Lib "kernel32.dll" Alias "RtlMoveMemory" ( _
ByVal destination As LongPtr, _
ByVal source As LongPtr, _
ByVal dataLength As LongPtr)
...并像这样使用它在结构中设置字符串引用:
CopyMemory VarPtr(tdlgConfig.pszMainInstruction1), VarPtr(StrPtr("My main instruction")), 8
最后我可以像这样使用函数 TaskDialogIndirect:
Dim clickedButton As Long
Dim selectedRadio As Long
Dim verificationFlagChecked As Long
Call TaskDialogIndirect(tdlgConfig, clickedButton, _
selectedRadio, verificationFlagChecked)
Debug.Print "Clicked button:", clickedButton
剩下的就是设置其他文本等，并使用区分大小写使代码可执行 32 位和 64 位。
再次感谢 GSerg 的回复。
关于vba - 在 64 位 VBA 中使用 TaskDialogIndirect，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/61391802/