django - 为什么用户模型具有字符串类型？

Question

我有一个返回与用户对应的数据的 View ，但是当我尝试查找用户时出现此错误:

Type str has no object method

文件views.py

from .models import Question, User 

@api_view(['POST'])
@renderer_classes((TemplateHTMLRenderer, JSONRenderer))
def answers_view(request, *args, **kwargs):
    userstring = request.data["name"]
    try:
        user0 = User.objects.get(username=userstring)
    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        user0 = "NotFound"
    print("USER: ", user0, flush = True)

文件模型.py

from django.db import models

# Create your models here.
import random
from django.conf import settings
from django.db import models
from django.db.models import Q

User = settings.AUTH_USER_MODEL

Answer 1

AUTH_USER_MODEL 设置是一个字符串，这通常用于引用用户模型，例如在 ForeignKey 中，这样做的好处是在那一刻，用户模型不必加载(还)。

为了获得对模型的引用，您可以使用 get_user_model() function [Django-doc] :

from .models import Question
from django.contrib.auth import <b>get_user_model</b>

@api_view(['POST'])
@renderer_classes((TemplateHTMLRenderer, JSONRenderer))
def answers_view(request, *args, **kwargs):
    userstring = request.data['name']
    try:
        user0 = <b>get_user_model()</b>.objects.get(username=userstring)
    except ObjectDoesNotExist:
        user0 = 'NotFound'
    print('USER: ', user0, flush=True)