我尝试使用 ffmpeg 从水下调查视频中提取帧。提取的帧应在该过程稍后基于时间戳与 GPS 位置合并。我用来提取帧的代码是:ffmpeg -i GOPR0173.MP4 -qscale:v 2 -r 1 frames/%4d.jpg .
我需要一个解决方案来根据调查日期时间获取帧的实际时间戳，以便帧的时间戳等于创建视频时的实际时间。理想情况下，时间戳保存在图像 exif 中，或者如果这不可能在单独的文本文件中，则时间戳用作文件的名称，例如 2020_01_01_HH_MM_SS.jpg。
我的想法是使用视频的 creation_time 将帧的时间戳添加到此并将结果存储在提取帧的 exif 中，或者如果这在 txt 文件中是不可能的。
我是 ffmpeg 的新手，真的迷路了，如果能帮助解决这个任务，我将不胜感激!
如果有人能给我提供必要的代码，那就太棒了!
C:\Unterwasserfotos>ffmpeg -i GOPR0173.MP4 -vstats -qscale:v 2 -r 0.1 frames/%4d.jpg
ffmpeg version git-2020-01-21-fc6fde2 Copyright (c) 2000-2020 the FFmpeg developers
built with gcc 9.2.1 (GCC) 20200122
configuration: --enable-gpl --enable-version3 --enable-sdl2 --enable-fontconfig --enable-gnutls
--enable-iconv --enable-libass --enable-libdav1d --enable-libbluray --enable-libfreetype --enabl
e-libmp3lame --enable-libopencore-amrnb --enable-libopencore-amrwb --enable-libopenjpeg --enable-
libopus --enable-libshine --enable-libsnappy --enable-libsoxr --enable-libtheora --enable-libtwol
ame --enable-libvpx --enable-libwavpack --enable-libwebp --enable-libx264 --enable-libx265 --enab
le-libxml2 --enable-libzimg --enable-lzma --enable-zlib --enable-gmp --enable-libvidstab --enable
-libvorbis --enable-libvo-amrwbenc --enable-libmysofa --enable-libspeex --enable-libxvid --enable
-libaom --enable-libmfx --enable-ffnvcodec --enable-cuvid --enable-d3d11va --enable-nvenc --enabl
e-nvdec --enable-dxva2 --enable-avisynth --enable-libopenmpt --enable-amf
libavutil 56. 38.100 / 56. 38.100
libavcodec 58. 66.100 / 58. 66.100
libavformat 58. 35.104 / 58. 35.104
libavdevice 58. 9.103 / 58. 9.103
libavfilter 7. 71.100 / 7. 71.100
libswscale 5. 6.100 / 5. 6.100
libswresample 3. 6.100 / 3. 6.100
libpostproc 55. 6.100 / 55. 6.100
Input #0, mov,mp4,m4a,3gp,3g2,mj2, from 'GOPR0173.MP4':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp41
minor_version : 538120216
compatible_brands: mp41
creation_time : 2020-01-21T12:33:10.000000Z
firmware : HD4.02.05.00.00
Duration: 00:02:21.85, start: 0.000000, bitrate: 30152 kb/s
Stream #0:0(eng): Video: h264 (High) (avc1 / 0x31637661), yuvj420p(pc, bt709), 1920x1080 [SAR
1:1 DAR 16:9], 30000 kb/s, 50 fps, 50 tbr, 90k tbn, 100 tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2020-01-21T12:33:10.000000Z
handler_name : GoPro AVC
encoder : GoPro AVC encoder
timecode : 12:33:11:16
Stream #0:1(eng): Audio: aac (LC) (mp4a / 0x6134706D), 48000 Hz, stereo, fltp, 127 kb/s (defa
ult)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2020-01-21T12:33:10.000000Z
handler_name : GoPro AAC
timecode : 12:33:11:16
Stream #0:2(eng): Data: none (tmcd / 0x64636D74) (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2020-01-21T12:33:10.000000Z
handler_name : GoPro TCD
timecode : 12:33:11:16
Stream #0:3(eng): Data: none (fdsc / 0x63736466), 12 kb/s (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2020-01-21T12:33:10.000000Z
handler_name : GoPro SOS
Stream mapping:
Stream #0:0 -> #0:0 (h264 (native) -> mjpeg (native))
Press [q] to stop, [?] for help
Output #0, image2, to 'frames/%4d.jpg':
Metadata:
major_brand : mp41
minor_version : 538120216
compatible_brands: mp41
firmware : HD4.02.05.00.00
encoder : Lavf58.35.104
Stream #0:0(eng): Video: mjpeg, yuvj420p(pc), 1920x1080 [SAR 1:1 DAR 16:9], q=2-31, 200 kb/s,
0.10 fps, 0.10 tbn, 0.10 tbc (default)
Metadata:
creation_time : 2020-01-21T12:33:10.000000Z
handler_name : GoPro AVC
timecode : 12:33:11:16
encoder : Lavc58.66.100 mjpeg
Side data:
cpb: bitrate max/min/avg: 0/0/200000 buffer size: 0 vbv_delay: N/A
frame= 16 fps=0.3 q=2.0 Lsize=N/A time=00:02:40.00 bitrate=N/A dup=0 drop=7076 speed=3.26x
video:1938kB audio:0kB subtitle:0kB other streams:0kB global headers:0kB muxing overhead: unknown´´´
最佳答案
这是我的任务的解决方案。核心组件是一个很好的批处理脚本(见下文)，我发现并采用了我的需要。
批处理脚本:
@echo off
rem Ksheesh Geotag Video Frames 0.0.1
rem
rem Extract frames from video every X seconds and geotag them using GPS data file.
rem Requires exiftool and ffmpeg.
rem Copyright (c) 2017 krzysiu.net
rem
rem Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
rem of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
rem in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
rem to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
rem copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
rem furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
rem
rem The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
rem copies or substantial portions of the Software.
rem
rem THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
rem IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
rem FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
rem AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
rem LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
rem OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
rem SOFTWARE.
setlocal EnableDelayedExpansion
rem Config starts here. Remember:
rem * Paths and names: don't use quotes, even if it has spaces in the string.
rem * Binaries: if they are in shared path, you may set just the binary name,
rem i.e. "ffmpeg" (without quotes) for ffmpegBin variable.
rem Input video file
set videoFile=GOPR0173.MP4
rem Prefix which will be added to image file names
set framePrefix=frame_
rem Output directory for frame images (must exist; without trailing slash)
set outputDirectory=%cd%
rem Path to ffmpeg binary.
set ffmpegBin=ffmpeg.exe
rem Path to exiftool binary.
set exiftoolBin=exiftool.exe
rem Padding digit count (1-9) in frame file names (i.e. 3 will make 001.jpg and 2 will make 01.jpg)
set paddingDigits=4
rem Get frame every X seconds.
set getFrameEvery=1
rem Date and time of the start of the video. You may use:
rem * DateTimeOriginal - if the file has DateTimeOriginal tag
rem * FileCreateDate - set timestamp to file creation date
rem * FileModifyDate - set timestamp to file modify date
rem * 0 - own timestamp (see videoTimestamp variable)
set dateSource=0
rem If dateSource is set to 0, set here date and time of the start of the video.
rem The format is yyyy:mm:dd hh:mm:ss
set videoTimestamp=2020:01:21 13:28:33
rem The source of GPS data, i.e. GPX or other supported file. Wildcards are also
rem possible, e.g. gpsDataFile=c:\gps_data\*.gpx
set gpsDataFile=2020-01-21_gps.gpx
rem Config ends here.
set exifDateParam=-tagsFromFile "%videoFile%" "-datetimeoriginal<%dateSource%"
if %dateSource% equ 0 set exifDateParam="-datetimeoriginal=%videoTimestamp%Z"
if not exist "%outputDirectory%" (
set errMsg=Can't access output directory ^(%outputDirectory%^)
goto error
)
if not exist "%videoFile%" (
set errMsg=Can't access video file ^(%videoFile%^)
goto error
)
pushd %outputDirectory%
echo Extracting frames...
%ffmpegBin% -loglevel error -hide_banner -stats -i "%videoFile%" -qscale:v 2 -vf fps=fps=1/%getFrameEvery%:start_time=0:round=zero %framePrefix%%%0%paddingDigits%d.jpg
if %errorlevel% neq 0 (
set errMsg=ffmpeg returned error
goto error
)
echo Done!
echo.
echo Setting base timestamp to files.
set fileNumber=0
%exiftoolBin% %exifDateParam% -overwrite_original -globaltimeshift "+0:0:0 0:0:!timeShift!" "%framePrefix%*.jpg"
echo Done!
echo.
echo Setting timestamp offsets.
for %%f in ("%framePrefix%*.jpg") do (
set /a "timeShift=!fileNumber!*%getFrameEvery%"
if !fileNumber! neq 0 %exiftoolBin% -P -m -overwrite_original "-datetimeoriginal+=0:0:0 0:0:!timeShift!" "%%~nxf"
set /a "fileNumber=!fileNumber!+1"
)
echo Done!
echo.
goto theend
:error
echo %errMsg%. Exitting.
:theend
pause
popd
endlocal
关于ffmpeg 提取帧并根据 exif 或 txt 中每个提取帧的创建时间获取时间戳，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/59865863/