r - 使用 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 中的 R download.file ("https://..") 时出现“SSL 连接错误”

Question

我正在尝试从 https://网站获取 zip:

url <- 'https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/23100008-eng.zip'
file_path <- './data/mydata.zip'
download.file(url, file_path)

我还尝试将方法更改为“curl”、“libcurl”和“get”

我得到:

trying URL 'https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/23100008-eng.zip'
Error in download.file(url, file_path) : 
  cannot open URL 'https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/23100008-eng.zip'
In addition: Warning message:
In download.file(url, file_path) :
  URL 'https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/23100008-eng.zip': status was 'SSL connect error'

我的sessionInfo()

R version 4.0.2 (2020-06-22)
Platform: x86_64-pc-linux-gnu (64-bit)
Running under: Ubuntu 20.04 LTS

Matrix products: default
BLAS:   /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/blas/libblas.so.3.9.0
LAPACK: /usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/lapack/liblapack.so.3.9.0

locale:
 [1] LC_CTYPE=en_CA.UTF-8       LC_NUMERIC=C               LC_TIME=en_CA.UTF-8       
 [4] LC_COLLATE=en_CA.UTF-8     LC_MONETARY=en_CA.UTF-8    LC_MESSAGES=en_CA.UTF-8   
 [7] LC_PAPER=en_CA.UTF-8       LC_NAME=C                  LC_ADDRESS=C              
[10] LC_TELEPHONE=C             LC_MEASUREMENT=en_CA.UTF-8 LC_IDENTIFICATION=C       

attached base packages:
[1] stats     graphics  grDevices utils     datasets  methods   base     

loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
 [1] Rcpp_1.0.4.6     lubridate_1.7.9  crayon_1.3.4     dplyr_1.0.0     
 [5] R6_2.4.1         lifecycle_0.2.0  magrittr_1.5     pillar_1.4.4    
 [9] httr_1.4.1       stringi_1.4.6    rlang_0.4.6      rstudioapi_0.11 
[13] snakecase_0.11.0 vctrs_0.3.1      generics_0.0.2   ellipsis_0.3.1  
[17] tools_4.0.2      stringr_1.4.0    glue_1.4.1       purrr_0.3.4     
[21] janitor_2.0.1    compiler_4.0.2   pkgconfig_2.0.3  tidyselect_1.1.0
[25] tibble_3.0.1 

奇怪的是，代码在 Win 操作系统中完美运行，但在 Ubuntu 20.04 LTS 操作系统中却无法运行。我不确定，但问题似乎是 CA 问题，我无法解决。

从我的终端:

openssl version -a
OpenSSL 1.1.1f  31 Mar 2020
built on: Mon Apr 20 11:53:50 2020 UTC
platform: debian-amd64
options:  bn(64,64) rc4(16x,int) des(int) blowfish(ptr) 
compiler: gcc -fPIC -pthread -m64 -Wa,--noexecstack -Wall -Wa,--noexecstack -g -O2 -fdebug-prefix-map=/build/openssl-P_ODHM/openssl-1.1.1f=. -fstack-protector-strong -Wformat -Werror=format-security -DOPENSSL_TLS_SECURITY_LEVEL=2 -DOPENSSL_USE_NODELETE -DL_ENDIAN -DOPENSSL_PIC -DOPENSSL_CPUID_OBJ -DOPENSSL_IA32_SSE2 -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_MONT -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_MONT5 -DOPENSSL_BN_ASM_GF2m -DSHA1_ASM -DSHA256_ASM -DSHA512_ASM -DKECCAK1600_ASM -DRC4_ASM -DMD5_ASM -DAESNI_ASM -DVPAES_ASM -DGHASH_ASM -DECP_NISTZ256_ASM -DX25519_ASM -DPOLY1305_ASM -DNDEBUG -Wdate-time -D_FORTIFY_SOURCE=2
OPENSSLDIR: "/usr/lib/ssl"
ENGINESDIR: "/usr/lib/x86_64-linux-gnu/engines-1.1"
Seeding source: os-specific

我尝试使用 httr:

library(httr)
set_config(config(ssl_verifypeer = FALSE))
httr::GET("https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/23100008-eng.zip")
Error in curl::curl_fetch_memory(url, handle = handle) : 
  error:1414D172:SSL routines:tls12_check_peer_sigalg:wrong signature type

我还尝试修改 openssl.cnf ，但我仍然收到相同的“SSL 连接错误”

Answer 1

更改 openssl.file 的说明:

1. 通过从终端运行来查找 openssl.cnf 文件的存储位置:

   openssl版本-d

2. 运行:sudo nano/usr/lib/ssl/openssl.cnf

3. 修改配置文件如下: 在开头添加:

   openssl_conf = default_conf

最后添加:

[ default_conf ]

ssl_conf = ssl_sect

[ssl_sect]

system_default = ssl_default_sect

[ssl_default_sect]
MinProtocol = TLSv1.2
CipherString = DEFAULT:@SECLEVEL=1

接下来打开RStudio:

file_path <- './data/raw/nmvs_data.zip'
url <- 'https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/23100008-eng.zip'
download.file(url, file_path)
trying URL 'https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/tbl/csv/23100008-eng.zip'
Content type 'application/zip' length 3103330 bytes (3.0 MB)
==================================================
downloaded 3.0 MB

我还想提一下，这些说明还帮助我安装了 sf R 包。

感谢 Matt Caswell 的 response 。学习如何从 RStudio 设置指向另一个 .cnf 的路径(类似于从 export OPENSSL_CONF=/home/Documents/new_openssl.cnf from终端)