python - SyntaxError : invalid syntax on lib/python3. 8/site-packages/sql_server/pyodbc/base.py django 在 Linux 上部署

Question

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前言(在本地 Windows PC 上使用操作系统测试 HyperV 虚拟服务器:Ubuntu Server 20.04.1)

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我在使用 MS SQL Server 作为其数据库的 Ubuntu Server 20.04.1 LTS 上部署我的 Django 应用程序(使用 Python 3.8.2)时遇到问题。在 Linux 上恢复到 'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3' 没有问题，但老实说，这令人沮丧。
我已经不得不降级到 Django==3.0 才能让我的应用程序在我的本地 Windows pc 上运行，但是我所做的 2 次迁移证明我错过了一些东西，我希望有人能帮帮我。任何帮助表示赞赏。

我的电脑

工作 settings.py 文件(当前在带有 Sql Server 2019 Express 的 Windows 上运行

    DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'sql_server.pyodbc',
        'NAME': 'mdm_db',
        'USER': 'AAA',
        'PASSWORD': 'AAA',
         'HOST': 'localhost\\SQLEXPRESS',
        'PORT': '',

        'OPTIONS': {
            'driver': 'SQL Server Native Client 11.0',
            # 'driver': 'ODBC Driver 13 for SQL Server ', -> port 1433?
        },
    },
    }
installed components:
    pip freeze
    asgiref==3.2.10
    Django==3.0
    django-mssql-backend==2.8.1
    pyodbc==4.0.30
    pytz==2020.1
    sql-server.pyodbc==1.0
    sqlparse==0.3.1

Ubuntu 服务器

(也尝试使用 ODBC 并安装最新版本 https://docs.microsoft.com/it-it/sql/connect/odbc/linux-mac/installing-the-microsoft-odbc-driver-for-sql-server?view=sql-server-ver15 )

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'sql_server.pyodbc',
        'NAME': 'mdm_db',
        'USER': 'mdmuser',
        'PASSWORD': 'mdmuser',
         'HOST': 'localhost\\SQLEXPRESS',
        'PORT': '',
        'OPTIONS': {
            #'driver': 'SQL Server Native Client 11.0',
             'driver': 'ODBC Driver 17 for SQL Server ',
        },
    },
    }

安装的软件包

:~/app/MDM_SQLServer$ history | grep install

   32  sudo apt-get install unixodbc-dev
   34  sudo apt-get install python3-dev
   36  sudo apt-get install build-essential libssl-dev libffi-dev python3-dev
   60  sudo ACCEPT_EULA=Y apt-get install msodbcsql17

问题:(venv) luca@webserver:~/app/MDM_SQLServer$ python manage.py runserver

Watching for file changes with StatReloader
Exception in thread django-main-thread:
Traceback (most recent call last):
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 932, in _bootstrap_inner
    self.run()
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/threading.py", line 870, in run
    self._target(*self._args, **self._kwargs)
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/commands/runserver.py", line 109, in inner_run
    autoreload.raise_last_exception()
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 76, in raise_last_exception
    raise _exception[1]
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/core/management/__init__.py", line 357, in execute
    autoreload.check_errors(django.setup)()
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/utils/autoreload.py", line 53, in wrapper
    fn(*args, **kwargs)
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/__init__.py", line 24, in setup
    apps.populate(settings.INSTALLED_APPS)
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/apps/registry.py", line 114, in populate
    app_config.import_models()
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/apps/config.py", line 211, in import_models
    self.models_module = import_module(models_module_name)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 1014, in _gcd_import
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 991, in _find_and_load
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 975, in _find_and_load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 671, in _load_unlocked
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap_external>", line 783, in exec_module
  File "<frozen importlib._bootstrap>", line 219, in _call_with_frames_removed
  File "/home/luca/app/MDM_SQLServer/cpus/models.py", line 6, in <module>
    from sites.models import Site
  File "/home/luca/app/MDM_SQLServer/sites/models.py", line 4, in <module>
    from wifis.models import Wifi
  File "/home/luca/app/MDM_SQLServer/wifis/models.py", line 3, in <module>
    class Wifi(models.Model):
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 121, in __new__
    new_class.add_to_class('_meta', Options(meta, app_label))
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/base.py", line 325, in add_to_class
    value.contribute_to_class(cls, name)
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/models/options.py", line 208, in contribute_to_class
    self.db_table = truncate_name(self.db_table, connection.ops.max_name_length())
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/__init__.py", line 28, in __getattr__
    return getattr(connections[DEFAULT_DB_ALIAS], item)
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 207, in __getitem__
    backend = load_backend(db['ENGINE'])
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/django/db/utils.py", line 111, in load_backend
    return import_module('%s.base' % backend_name)
  File "/usr/lib/python3.8/importlib/__init__.py", line 127, in import_module
    return _bootstrap._gcd_import(name[level:], package, level)
  File "/home/luca/app/venv/lib/python3.8/site-packages/sql_server/pyodbc/base.py", line 7
    except ImportError, e:
                      ^
SyntaxError: invalid syntax

NOTE 提示不返回，我需要corntol+C out。
Test2 新环境

luca@webserver:~/app/MDM_SQLServer$ source test2/bin/activate
(test2) luca@webserver:~/app/MDM_SQLServer$ pipinstall -r req
req.txt           requirements.txt
(test2) luca@webserver:~/app/MDM_SQLServer$ pipinstall -r req.txt
pipinstall: command not found
(test2) luca@webserver:~/app/MDM_SQLServer$ pip install -r req.txt
Collecting asgiref==3.2.10
  Using cached asgiref-3.2.10-py3-none-any.whl (19 kB)
Collecting Django==3.0
  Using cached Django-3.0-py3-none-any.whl (7.4 MB)
Collecting django-mssql-backend==2.8.1
  Using cached django_mssql_backend-2.8.1-py3-none-any.whl (52 kB)
Collecting pyodbc==4.0.30
  Using cached pyodbc-4.0.30.tar.gz (266 kB)
Collecting pytz==2020.1
  Using cached pytz-2020.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (510 kB)
Processing /home/luca/.cache/pip/wheels/a9/78/cf/dc91ed794c352243f2796a29991293fd578c91f6584b0682f7/sql_server.pyodbc-1.0-py3-none-any.whl
Collecting sqlparse==0.3.1
  Using cached sqlparse-0.3.1-py2.py3-none-any.whl (40 kB)
Building wheels for collected packages: pyodbc
  Building wheel for pyodbc (setup.py) ... error
  ERROR: Command errored out with exit status 1:
   command: /home/luca/app/MDM_SQLServer/test2/bin/python -u -c 'import sys, setuptools, tokenize; sys.argv[0] = '"'"'/tmp/pip-install-tth7v6fw/pyodbc/setup.py'"'"'; __file__='"'"'/tmp/pip-install-tth7v6fw/pyodbc/setup.py'"'"';f=getattr(tokenize, '"'"'open'"'"', open)(__file__);code=f.read().replace('"'"'\r\n'"'"', '"'"'\n'"'"');f.close();exec(compile(code, __file__, '"'"'exec'"'"'))' bdist_wheel -d /tmp/pip-wheel-lr00jtg6
       cwd: /tmp/pip-install-tth7v6fw/pyodbc/
  Complete output (6 lines):
  usage: setup.py [global_opts] cmd1 [cmd1_opts] [cmd2 [cmd2_opts] ...]
     or: setup.py --help [cmd1 cmd2 ...]
     or: setup.py --help-commands
     or: setup.py cmd --help

  error: invalid command 'bdist_wheel'
  ----------------------------------------
  ERROR: Failed building wheel for pyodbc
  Running setup.py clean for pyodbc
Failed to build pyodbc
Installing collected packages: asgiref, pytz, sqlparse, Django, pyodbc, django-mssql-backend, sql-server.pyodbc
    Running setup.py install for pyodbc ... done
Successfully installed Django-3.0 asgiref-3.2.10 django-mssql-backend-2.8.1 pyodbc-4.0.30 pytz-2020.1 sql-server.pyodbc-1.0 sqlparse-0.3.1
(test2) luca@webserver:~/app/MDM_SQLServer$

提前致谢

Answer 1

except ImportError, e错误消息中显示的语法is deprecated . pyodbc 仅声称支持 Python 2.7、3.4、3.5 和 3.6。
鉴于除 Python 3.6 之外的所有这些版本都已停产，我怀疑 pyodbc不再维护太多。理想情况下，找到一个更好的库。如果您必须使用这个，请尝试使用 Python 3.6。