julia - 无法在 FreeBSD 13 上使用 Julia 1.6.3 安装 PyCall.jl

Question

我正在尝试安装 PyCall.jl，但出现错误。我已经在 FreeBSD 13 中安装了(bulit)Python 3.10。我还在操作系统上单独创建了一个 python 3.10 虚拟环境，我打算从中调用 python 包。错误如下。

(dataViz) pkg> add PyCall
   Resolving package versions...
   Installed VersionParsing ─ v1.2.1
   Installed Conda ────────── v1.5.2
   Installed MacroTools ───── v0.5.9
   Installed JSON ─────────── v0.21.2
   Installed PyCall ───────── v1.92.5
    Updating `/usr/home/schroter/dataViz/Project.toml`
  [438e738f] + PyCall v1.92.5
    Updating `/usr/home/schroter/dataViz/Manifest.toml`
  [8f4d0f93] + Conda v1.5.2
  [682c06a0] + JSON v0.21.2
  [1914dd2f] + MacroTools v0.5.9
  [438e738f] + PyCall v1.92.5
  [81def892] + VersionParsing v1.2.1
    Building Conda ─→ `~/.julia/scratchspaces/44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f/299304989a5e6473d985212c28928899c74e9421/build.log`
    Building PyCall → `~/.julia/scratchspaces/44cfe95a-1eb2-52ea-b672-e2afdf69b78f/4ba3651d33ef76e24fef6a598b63ffd1c5e1cd17/build.log`
ERROR: Error building `PyCall`:
<string>:1: DeprecationWarning: The distutils package is deprecated and slated for removal in Python 3.12. Use setuptools or check PEP 632 for potential alternatives
<string>:1: DeprecationWarning: The distutils.sysconfig module is deprecated, use sysconfig instead
<string>:1: DeprecationWarning: The distutils package is deprecated and slated for removal in Python 3.12. Use setuptools or check PEP 632 for potential alternatives
<string>:1: DeprecationWarning: The distutils.sysconfig module is deprecated, use sysconfig instead
ERROR: LoadError: Couldn't find libpython; check your PYTHON environment variable.

The python executable we tried was python3 (= version 3.10).
Re-building with
    ENV["PYCALL_DEBUG_BUILD"] = "yes"
may provide extra information for why it failed.

Stacktrace:
 [1] error(s::String)
   @ Base ./error.jl:33
 [2] find_libpython(python::String; _dlopen::typeof(Base.Libc.Libdl.dlopen))
   @ Main ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/3fwVL/deps/buildutils.jl:72
 [3] find_libpython(python::String)
   @ Main ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/3fwVL/deps/buildutils.jl:41
 [4] top-level scope
   @ ~/.julia/packages/PyCall/3fwVL/deps/build.jl:82
 [5] include(fname::String)
   @ Base.MainInclude ./client.jl:444
 [6] top-level scope
   @ none:5
in expression starting at /home/schroter/.julia/packages/PyCall/3fwVL/deps/build.jl:43

Julia中安装的模块如下:

(dataViz) pkg> status
      Status `/usr/home/schroter/.jlmain/dataViz/Project.toml`
  [336ed68f] CSV v0.9.10
  [54eefc05] Cascadia v1.0.1
  [a93c6f00] DataFrames v1.2.2
  [708ec375] Gumbo v0.8.0
  [cd3eb016] HTTP v0.9.16
  [c3e4b0f8] Pluto v0.17.1
  [05625dda] WebDriver v0.1.2

编辑: 我的系统级 python 位于:/usr/local/bin/python3 我的 python 虚拟环境在:~/.pymain/dataViz/bin/activate.csh

有人能帮我解决这个问题吗？

谢谢和最好的问候

施罗特

Answer 1

您没有提到设置 PYTHON 环境变量，所以这可能是问题的原因:

ENV["PYTHON"]="/usr/local/bin/python3"
using Pkg
Pkg.build("PyCall")

为了获得最佳效果，请尝试使用 Miniconda/Anaconda Python，最好让 Julia 安装它(我不知道在 FreeBSD 上安装 Miniconda 有多容易或多难，但在任何 Linux 上它通常“都能正常工作”):

ENV["PYTHON"]=""
using Pkg
Pkg.build("PyCall")

如果您想使用一些 Miniconda:

ENV["PYTHON"]="/home/user/miniconda/bin/python"
using Pkg
Pkg.build("PyCall")

让我知道这是否有帮助(我没有要测试的 FreeBSD 安装)