spring-mvc - 无法在使用 SpringJUnit4ClassRunner 的测试中加载 Spring 应用程序上下文

Question

我想不通为什么 Spring 无法在如下定义的测试类中加载应用程序上下文:

    @RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
    @ContextConfiguration(locations={"/springMVC-config/mainController-servlet.xml"})
    public class DiagnosticsControllerTest {

    @Mock
    DiagnosticsService diagnosticsService;

    private DiagnosticsController diagnosticsController;

    private MockMvc mockMvc;

    @Before
    public void setUp() {
        MockitoAnnotations.initMocks(this);
        diagnosticsController = new DiagnosticsController();
        diagnosticsController.setService(diagnosticsService);
        this.mockMvc = MockMvcBuilders.standaloneSetup(diagnosticsController).build();
    }

    @Test
    public void shouldRun() {
        assertTrue(1 == 1);
    }
}

文件“mainController-servlet.xml”在“myproject\src\main\webapp\WEB-INF\springMVC-config\mainController-servlet.xml”中

我得到的错误是:

java.lang.IllegalStateException: Failed to load ApplicationContext
    at org.springframework.test.context.cache.DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.loadContext(DefaultCacheAwareContextLoaderDelegate.java:124)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DefaultTestContext.getApplicationContext(DefaultTestContext.java:83)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.injectDependencies(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:117)
    at org.springframework.test.context.support.DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.prepareTestInstance(DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener.java:83)
    at org.springframework.test.context.TestContextManager.prepareTestInstance(TestContextManager.java:228)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.createTest(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:230)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner$1.runReflectiveCall(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:289)
    at org.junit.internal.runners.model.ReflectiveCallable.run(ReflectiveCallable.java:12)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.methodBlock(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:291)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:249)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.runChild(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:89)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$3.run(ParentRunner.java:290)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$1.schedule(ParentRunner.java:71)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.runChildren(ParentRunner.java:288)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.access$000(ParentRunner.java:58)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner$2.evaluate(ParentRunner.java:268)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunBeforeTestClassCallbacks.java:61)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.statements.RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.evaluate(RunAfterTestClassCallbacks.java:70)
    at org.junit.runners.ParentRunner.run(ParentRunner.java:363)
    at org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.run(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.java:193)
    at org.junit.runner.JUnitCore.run(JUnitCore.java:137)
    at com.intellij.junit4.JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.startRunnerWithArgs(JUnit4IdeaTestRunner.java:74)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.prepareStreamsAndStart(JUnitStarter.java:211)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.junit.JUnitStarter.main(JUnitStarter.java:67)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method)
    at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:62)
    at com.intellij.rt.execution.application.AppMain.main(AppMain.java:134)
Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanDefinitionStoreException: IOException parsing XML document from class path resource [springMVC-config/mainController-servlet.xml]; nested exception is java.io.FileNotFoundException: class path resource [springMVC-config/mainController-servlet.xml] cannot be opened because it does not exist

我尝试按如下方式更改上下文配置的位置:

@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class)
@ContextConfiguration("file:src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/springMVC-config/mainController-servlet.xml")
public class DiagnosticsControllerTest {
...
}

Answer 1

除了无法引用 XML 配置文件的正确路径之外，事实是:

在您提供的示例中，您甚至没有使用 Spring TestContext Framework。

相反，您只使用 Mockito 和 Spring MVC 测试(即 MockMvc)。

因此，您可以简单地删除 @RunWith和 @ContextConfiguration完全声明。