django.core.exceptions.ImproperlyConfigured : WSGI application '{project_name}.wsgi.application' could not be loaded; Error importing module

Question

我不明白为什么我在运行 Heroku run python manage.py runserver 时遇到错误

我尝试更改文件夹名称，并尝试在 MIDDLEWARE 中删除和添加 WhiteNoise

MIDDLEWARE = [
    'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
    # 'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    # 'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',
]

数据库设置

DATABASES = {
    'default': {
        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.sqlite3',
        'NAME': os.path.join(BASE_DIR, 'db.sqlite3'),
    }
}

django_heroku.settings(locals())

wsgi.py

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
from whitenoise.django import DjangoWhiteNoise

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'ss.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()
application = DjangoWhiteNoise(application)

至少服务器应该运行，这样我才能看到 Heroku 有什么问题。

Answer 1

根据 documentation ，中间件配置应该是这样的:

MIDDLEWARE = [
    <b>'django.middleware.security.SecurityMiddleware',
    'whitenoise.middleware.WhiteNoiseMiddleware',</b>
    'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.sessions.middleware.SessionMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.auth.middleware.AuthenticationMiddleware',
    'django.contrib.messages.middleware.MessageMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.clickjacking.XFrameOptionsMiddleware',
]

你也可以从 wsgi 文件中删除与 whitenoise 相关的行:

import os

from django.core.wsgi import get_wsgi_application
#  from whitenoise.django import DjangoWhiteNoise

os.environ.setdefault('DJANGO_SETTINGS_MODULE', 'ss.settings')

application = get_wsgi_application()
#  application = DjangoWhiteNoise(application)

因为在 whitenoise >= 4.0 , 你不需要改变 wsgi 文件。