大家好,
自今年一月以来,我一直在开发 Cucumber 测试,现在我面临着在 Spring Boot 环境中与 Maven(surefire 以及故障安全)并行运行 Cucumber 集成测试的问题。
简而言之:
我想在运行 Spring Boot 应用程序的同时运行 Cucumber 集成测试。
我使用 Maven 并激活 Surefire 或 Failsafe 插件。
当我注释掉代码中的每个 Spring Boot 组件时,一切正常。
然后我有与功能文件一样多的线程,并且它们并行运行。
但是当我添加所需的 Spring Boot 组件时,测试会串行运行。
我在 pom.xml 中的依赖项:
<dependencies>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-java</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-java8</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-junit</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>io.cucumber</groupId>
<artifactId>cucumber-spring</artifactId>
<version>${cucumber.version}</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.10</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<version>${spring.boot.version}</version>
<scope>compile</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.slf4j</groupId>
<artifactId>slf4j-api</artifactId>
<version>1.7.30</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>com.h2database</groupId>
<artifactId>h2</artifactId>
<version>1.4.200</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
</dependencies>
pom.xml 中的我的插件:
<plugins>
<!-- Maven Compiler -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.8.1</version>
<configuration>
<source>8</source>
<target>8</target>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- Option 1 to run cucumber tests in parallel: Surefire -->
<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-surefire-plugin</artifactId>
<version>2.22.0</version>
<configuration>
<parallel>methods</parallel>
<useUnlimitedThreads>true</useUnlimitedThreads>
</configuration>
</plugin>
<!-- Option 2 to run cucumber tests in parallel: Failsafe -->
<!--<plugin>
<groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
<artifactId>maven-failsafe-plugin</artifactId>
<version>3.0.0-M4</version>
<executions>
<execution>
<goals>
<goal>integration-test</goal>
<goal>verify</goal>
</goals>
<configuration>
<parallel>methods</parallel>
<threadCount>5</threadCount>
<useUnlimitedThreads>false</useUnlimitedThreads>
<!– important for the right execution –>
<perCoreThreadCount>true</perCoreThreadCount>
</configuration>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>-->
</plugins>
我的 Java 类:
- RunCucumberIT.java --> 具有故障保护功能的执行
- RunCucumberTest.java --> 与 RunCucumberIT.java 相同的代码,使用 Surefire 执行的其他名称
- StepDefinitions.java
- TestApplication.java
- CucumberSpringContextConfiguration.java
Java 代码:
RunCucumberIT.java 和 RunCucumberTest.java
package parallel;
import io.cucumber.junit.Cucumber;
import io.cucumber.junit.CucumberOptions;
import org.junit.runner.RunWith;
/**
* Class to run the cucumber tests with Surefire.
*/
@RunWith(Cucumber.class)
@CucumberOptions(plugin = { }, strict = true, snippets = CucumberOptions.SnippetType.CAMELCASE,
features = "src/test/java/parallel", stepNotifications = true)
public class RunCucumberTest {
}
StepDefinitions.java
package parallel;
import io.cucumber.java8.En;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
@Slf4j
public class StepDefinitions implements En {
public StepDefinitions() {
Given("Step from {string} in {string} feature file", this::printThreads);
}
private void printThreads(final String scenario, final String file) throws InterruptedException {
log.info(" Thread ID - {} - {} from {} feature file.", Thread.currentThread().getId(), scenario, file);
Thread.sleep(5000L);
}
}
TestApplication.java
package parallel;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
@SpringBootApplication
public class TestApplication {
public static void main(final String[] args) {
SpringApplication.run(TestApplication.class, args);
}
}
CucumberSpringContextConfiguration.java
package parallel;
import io.cucumber.java.Before;
import io.cucumber.spring.CucumberContextConfiguration;
import lombok.extern.slf4j.Slf4j;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootContextLoader;
import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;
import org.springframework.test.context.ContextConfiguration;
/**
* Class to use spring application context while running cucumber.
*/
@Slf4j
@SpringBootTest(webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)
@ContextConfiguration(classes = TestApplication.class, loader = SpringBootContextLoader.class)
@CucumberContextConfiguration
public class CucumberSpringContextConfiguration {
/**
* Need this method so the cucumber will recognize this class as glue and load spring context configuration.
*/
@Before
public void setUp() {
log.info("Spring Context initialized for executing cucumber tests.");
}
}
我的小 cucumber 代码:
scenario-outline.feature
Feature: Scenario Outlines feature file
Scenario Outline: <scen_out_row_num>
Given Step from '<scen_out_row_num>' in 'scenario-outlines' feature file
Examples:
| scen_out_row_num |
| Scenario Outline Row 1 |
| Scenario Outline Row 2 |
scenarios-0.feature
Feature: Scenarios feature file
Scenario: Scenario Number One -
Given Step from 'Scenario 1' in 'scenarios-0' feature file
Scenario: Scenario Number Two -
Given Step from 'Scenario 2' in 'scenarios-0' feature file
scenarios-1.feature
Feature: Scenarios feature file
Scenario: Scenario Number One a
Given Step from 'Scenario 1' in 'scenarios-1' feature file
Scenario: Scenario Number Two a
Given Step from 'Scenario 2' in 'scenarios-1' feature file
scenarios-2.feature
Feature: Scenarios feature file
Scenario: Scenario Number One b
Given Step from 'Scenario 1' in 'scenarios-2' feature file
Scenario: Scenario Number Two b
Given Step from 'Scenario 2' in 'scenarios-2' feature file
scenarios-3.feature
Feature: Scenarios feature file
Scenario: Scenario Number One c
Given Step from 'Scenario 1' in 'scenarios-3' feature file
Scenario: Scenario Number Two c
Given Step from 'Scenario 2' in 'scenarios-3' feature file
预期行为:
每个功能文件一个线程,并行执行集成测试。
像这样的一些输出(这是我注释掉所有 Spring Boot 内容时的输出):
[INFO] --- maven-failsafe-plugin:3.0.0-M4:integration-test (default) @ cucumber-test ---
[INFO]
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] T E S T S
[INFO] -------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Running Scenario Number One b
[pool-1-thread-4] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 17 - Scenario 1 from scenarios-2 feature file.
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.338 s - in Scenario Number One b
[INFO] Running Scenario Number One a
[pool-1-thread-3] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 16 - Scenario 1 from scenarios-1 feature file.
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.353 s - in Scenario Number One a
[INFO] Running Scenario Outline Row 1
[pool-1-thread-1] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 14 - Scenario Outline Row 1 from scenario-outlines feature file.
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.363 s - in Scenario Outline Row 1
[INFO] Running Scenario Number One c
[pool-1-thread-5] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 18 - Scenario 1 from scenarios-3 feature file.
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.371 s - in Scenario Number One c
[INFO] Running Scenario Number One -
[pool-1-thread-2] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 15 - Scenario 1 from scenarios-0 feature file.
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.378 s - in Scenario Number One -
[INFO] Running Scenario Outline Row 2
[pool-1-thread-1] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 14 - Scenario Outline Row 2 from scenario-outlines feature file.
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.003 s - in Scenario Outline Row 2
[INFO] Running Scenario Number Two a
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.011 s - in Scenario Number Two a
[INFO] Running Scenario Number Two c
[pool-1-thread-3] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 16 - Scenario 2 from scenarios-1 feature file.
[pool-1-thread-5] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 18 - Scenario 2 from scenarios-3 feature file.
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.017 s - in Scenario Number Two c
[INFO] Running Scenario Number Two b
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.027 s - in Scenario Number Two b
[INFO] Running Scenario Number Two -
[pool-1-thread-4] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 17 - Scenario 2 from scenarios-2 feature file.
[pool-1-thread-2] INFO parallel.StepDefinitions - Thread ID - 15 - Scenario 2 from scenarios-0 feature file.
[INFO] Tests run: 2, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0, Time elapsed: 5.043 s - in Scenario Number Two -
10
Scenarios (
10 passed
)
10
Steps (
10 passed
)
0m
10,486s
实际行为:
仅使用一个线程,所有测试都串行运行。
输出:
[INFO] --- maven-failsafe-plugin:3.0.0-M4:integration-test (default) @ cucumber-test ---
...
. ____ _ __ _ _
/\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \
( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \
\\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) )
' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / /
=========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/
:: Spring Boot :: (v2.2.4.RELEASE)
...
Thread ID - 1 - Scenario Outline Row 1 from scenario-outlines feature file.
2020-06-10 12:04:02.519 INFO 13028 --- [ main] o.s.t.c.support.AbstractContextLoader : Could not detect default resource locations for test class [parallel.CucumberSpringContextConfiguration]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml, Context.groovy}.
...
2020-06-10 12:04:02.544 INFO 13028 --- [ main] parallel.StepDefinitions :
...
Thread ID - 1 - Scenario Outline Row 2 from scenario-outlines feature file.
2020-06-10 12:04:07.550 INFO 13028 --- [ main] o.s.t.c.support.AbstractContextLoader : Could not detect default resource locations for test class [parallel.CucumberSpringContextConfiguration]: no resource found for suffixes {-context.xml, Context.groovy}.
Thread ID - 1 - Scenario 1 from scenarios-0 feature file.
...
Thread ID - 1 - Scenario 2 from scenarios-0 feature file.
...
[INFO]
[INFO] Results:
[INFO]
[INFO] Tests run: 10, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Skipped: 0
我希望这个问题是可以理解的并且有人可以帮助我!
提前致谢,
马克西莫图斯
最佳答案
要并行运行 Cucumber 测试,您必须在 pom.xml 中添加 juni-jupiter
和 junit-vintage
的排除项。这对我来说是这样的:
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId>
<scope>test</scope>
<exclusions>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter</artifactId>
</exclusion>
<exclusion>
<groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId>
</exclusion>
</exclusions>
</dependency>
关于java - 如何使用 Maven 运行并行 Cucumber Spring Boot 集成测试(surefire 或 failuresafe)?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/62303742/