android - 如何解决错误 `java.net.ConnectException: Failed to connect to localhost/127.0.0.1:8000`

Question

我目前正在使用 android-studio 开发应用程序与 Kotlin和一个使用 django-rest-framework 的 API 系统.

我想访问我的本地服务器 127.0.0.1使用 Android 模拟器从 API 方法中获取一些值。

我检查了堆栈溢出站点和其他站点中的一些问题，并引用一些文章设置了我的代码，比如在 AndroidManifest.xml 中添加一些代码。 , 制作 network_security_config.xml , 更改 Android emulator 的代理并更改 Django rest framework 中的一些代码项目。

即使当我在本地服务器中访问端点时，我也有如下错误代码:

2020-10-07 22:37:39.318 7247-7247/com.sample.apitest I/System.out: checked
2020-10-07 22:37:39.358 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest D/NetworkSecurityConfig: Using Network Security Config from resource network_security_config debugBuild: true
2020-10-07 22:37:39.392 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err: java.net.ConnectException: Failed to connect to localhost/127.0.0.1:8000
2020-10-07 22:37:39.394 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.io.RealConnection.connectSocket(RealConnection.java:143)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.394 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.io.RealConnection.connect(RealConnection.java:112)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.394 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.http.StreamAllocation.findConnection(StreamAllocation.java:184)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.395 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.http.StreamAllocation.findHealthyConnection(StreamAllocation.java:126)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.395 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.http.StreamAllocation.newStream(StreamAllocation.java:95)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.395 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.http.HttpEngine.connect(HttpEngine.java:281)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.396 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.http.HttpEngine.sendRequest(HttpEngine.java:224)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.396 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.huc.HttpURLConnectionImpl.execute(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:461)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.396 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.android.okhttp.internal.huc.HttpURLConnectionImpl.connect(HttpURLConnectionImpl.java:127)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.397 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.sample.apitest.MainActivity$HitAPITask.doInBackground(MainActivity.kt:49)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.397 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at com.sample.apitest.MainActivity$HitAPITask.doInBackground(MainActivity.kt:39)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.397 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at android.os.AsyncTask$2.call(AsyncTask.java:333)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.397 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.FutureTask.run(FutureTask.java:266)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.397 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at android.os.AsyncTask$SerialExecutor$1.run(AsyncTask.java:245)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.397 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1167)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.398 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:641)
2020-10-07 22:37:39.398 7247-7280/com.sample.apitest W/System.err:     at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:764)

我该如何解决这个错误？

---

代码如下:

安卓项目

模拟器设置

AndroidManifest.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
          xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" package="com.sample.apitest">

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>
    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>

    <application
            android:networkSecurityConfig="@xml/network_security_config"
            android:usesCleartextTraffic="true"

            android:allowBackup="true"
            android:icon="@mipmap/ic_launcher"
            android:label="@string/app_name"
            android:roundIcon="@mipmap/ic_launcher_round"
            android:supportsRtl="true"
            android:theme="@style/AppTheme"
            tools:ignore="GoogleAppIndexingWarning"
            tools:targetApi="n">
        <activity android:name=".MainActivity">
            <intent-filter>
                <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN"/>

                <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER"/>
            </intent-filter>
        </activity>
    </application>
</manifest>

network_security_config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<network-security-config>
    <domain-config cleartextTrafficPermitted="true">
        <domain includeSubdomains="true">localhost</domain>
    </domain-config>
</network-security-config>

主要 Activity .kt

package com.sample.apitest

import android.os.AsyncTask
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity
import android.os.Bundle
import android.widget.Button
import android.widget.TextView
import org.json.JSONException
import org.json.JSONObject
import java.io.BufferedReader
import java.io.IOException
import java.io.InputStreamReader
import java.net.HttpURLConnection
import java.net.MalformedURLException
import java.net.URL

class MainActivity : AppCompatActivity() {

    var name: TextView? = null

    override fun onCreate(savedInstanceState: Bundle?) {
        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState)
        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main)

        name = findViewById(R.id.textView)
        val button = findViewById<Button>(R.id.button)

        button.setOnClickListener {
            println("checked")
            HitAPITask().execute("http://localhost:8000/api/name/")

        }
    }

    inner class HitAPITask : AsyncTask<String, String, String>() {

        override fun doInBackground(vararg params: String?): String? {
            var connection: HttpURLConnection? = null
            var reader: BufferedReader? = null
            val buffer: StringBuffer

            try {
                val url = URL(params[0])
                connection = url.openConnection() as HttpURLConnection
                connection.connect()

                val stream = connection.inputStream
                reader = BufferedReader(InputStreamReader(stream))
                buffer = StringBuffer()
                var line: String?
                while (true) {
                    line = reader.readLine()
                    if (line == null) {
                        break
                    }
                    buffer.append(line)
                }

                var jsonText = buffer.toString()

                val jsonObj = JSONObject(jsonText)
                val plant_name: String = jsonObj.getString("name")

                return plant_name
            } catch (e: MalformedURLException) {
                e.printStackTrace()
            } catch (e: IOException) {
                e.printStackTrace()
            } catch (e: JSONException) {
                e.printStackTrace()
            } finally {
                connection?.disconnect()
                try {
                    reader?.close()
                } catch (e: IOException) {
                    e.printStackTrace()
                }
            }
            return null
        }

        override fun onPostExecute(result: String?) {
            super.onPostExecute(result)
            if (result == null) return

            name!!.text = result
        }
    }
}

构建.gradle

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'

apply plugin: 'kotlin-android'

apply plugin: 'kotlin-android-extensions'

android {
    compileSdkVersion 28
    defaultConfig {
        applicationId "com.sample.apitest"
        minSdkVersion 16
        targetSdkVersion 28
        versionCode 1
        versionName "1.0"
        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"
    }
    buildTypes {
        release {
            minifyEnabled false
            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android-optimize.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'
        }
    }
}

dependencies {
    implementation fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])
    implementation"org.jetbrains.kotlin:kotlin-stdlib-jdk7:$kotlin_version"
    implementation 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:28.0.0'
    implementation 'com.android.support.constraint:constraint-layout:2.0.1'
    testImplementation 'junit:junit:4.12'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test:runner:1.0.2'
    androidTestImplementation 'com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:3.0.2'
}

---

Django 休息框架项目

项目/设置.py

    #...      

INSTALLED_APPS = [
    #...
    'corsheaders',
]

MIDDLEWARE = [
    #...
    'corsheaders.middleware.CorsMiddleware',
    'django.middleware.common.CommonMiddleware',
]

CORS_ORIGIN_WHITELIST = [
    'http://10.0.2.2:8000'
]

API 端点

[ Method = GET ] http://127.0.0.1:8000/api/name/

    {
      "name": "myName.",
    }

---

安卓工作室:3.3.2

python :3.7.5

django-cors-headers: 2.4.0

djangorest 框架:3.8.2

Answer 1

尝试打开cmd，然后在上面写入ipconfig 之后你得到了你的本地 ip 地址，然后尝试输入你的代码

例如，您从 cmd 中获取了 192.168.1.2，然后像这样将其放入您的代码中:

HitAPITask().execute("http://192.168.1.2/api/name/")