java - 使用mockito、ioC和 Autowiring 测试服务

Question

我正在尝试使用 Mockito 和 testNG 测试服务，但我有一些疑问。如果服务声明如下，则需要创建 get/set 来注入(inject)服务:

  @Autowired(required = true)
    protected ITipService serveiTip;

当我尝试使用 Maven 进行清理和打包时，我发现了这个异常:

Caused by: org.springframework.beans.factory.BeanCreationException: Error creating bean with name 'consultaDeutes' defined in URL
[file:/D:/workspaceGPT/GPT/gpt.ui/target/test-classes/applicationContext-gui-deutes-Test.xml]: Error setting property values; nested exception is org.springframework.beans.NotWritablePropertyException: Invalid property 'serveiTip' of bean class [cat.base.gpt.ui.ConsultaDeutesTest]: Bean property 'serveiTip' is not writable or has an invalid setter method. Does the parameter type of the setter match the return type of the getter?

我相信使用 Autowiring 获取/设置将是不必要的。

这是我的测试上下文:

?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:mockito="http://www.mockito.org/spring/mockito"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mockito.org/spring/mockito https://bitbucket.org/kubek2k/springockito/raw/tip/springockito/src/main/resources/spring/mockito.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="cat.base.gpt.ui" />


    <!-- mock del serveis que podem atacar per solicitar info -->
    <mockito:mock id="serveiSubjecte" class="cat.base.tip.service.ISubjectesService"/>
    <mockito:mock id="serveiTip" class="cat.base.tip.service.ITipService"/>
    <mockito:mock id="serveiGpt" class="cat.base.gpt.domini.service.IGptService"/>
    <mockito:mock id="sessio" class="cat.base.baseframe.session.IBaseSession"/>
    <mockito:mock id="usuari" class="cat.base.baseframe.user.IBaseUser"/>

    <!--  
    <bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <property name="basename" value="classpath:cat/base/bfp/ui/applicationResources" />
    </bean>
    -->

    <bean name="consultaDeutes" class="cat.base.gpt.ui.ConsultaDeutesTest">
        <property name="serveiTip" ref="serveiTip"/>
        <property name="serveiGpt" ref="serveiGpt"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

应用程序上下文:

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:mockito="http://www.mockito.org/spring/mockito"
    xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.mockito.org/spring/mockito https://bitbucket.org/kubek2k/springockito/raw/tip/springockito/src/main/resources/spring/mockito.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-2.5.xsd">

    <context:annotation-config/>
    <context:component-scan base-package="cat.base.gpt.ui" />


    <!-- mock del serveis que podem atacar per solicitar info -->
    <mockito:mock id="serveiSubjecte" class="cat.base.tip.service.ISubjectesService"/>
    <mockito:mock id="serveiTip" class="cat.base.tip.service.ITipService"/>
    <mockito:mock id="serveiGpt" class="cat.base.gpt.domini.service.IGptService"/>
    <mockito:mock id="sessio" class="cat.base.baseframe.session.IBaseSession"/>
    <mockito:mock id="usuari" class="cat.base.baseframe.user.IBaseUser"/>

    <!--  
    <bean id="messageSource" class="org.springframework.context.support.ReloadableResourceBundleMessageSource">
        <property name="basename" value="classpath:cat/base/bfp/ui/applicationResources" />
    </bean>
    -->

    <bean name="consultaDeutes" class="cat.base.gpt.ui.ConsultaDeutesTest"/>
        <!-- WITH OUT PROPERTIES!!-->
</beans>

Answer 1

使用@Autowired将使spring自动将匹配的bean注入(inject)到该字段中。因此不再需要在 xml 中定义“consultaDeutes”bean。如果您想使用 xml 定义，我相信您应该为您尝试注入(inject)的每个属性定义一个 setter，例如:serveiTip、serveiGpt。

在测试中使用 @Autowired 可能需要在测试类的定义上添加 2 个附加注释:

@ContextConfiguration(value = "/myContext.xml")
//@RunWith(SpringJUnit4ClassRunner.class) This is JUnit specific
@ActiveProfiles("dev")
public class TestCompareService {
    @Autowired(required = true)
    protected ITipService serveiTip;
    ....
}

实际上，我在粘贴 JUnit 专用的 @RunWith 注释时犯了一个错误。对于 TestNG，您可以查找 this link 。抱歉