我猜这是批处理专家的问题。似乎很多人在批处理时确实被 IP 验证绊倒了,而只是使用内置功能的窗口,但找不到真正的代码。
在几个地方可以找到 findstr 表达式,以识别匹配四个数字序列的数字字符串。
findstr /r "[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*"
虽然似乎没有更好的方法来识别字符串本身(因为 findstr 的正则表达式支持有限),但它会捕获太多误报,例如 1234.2.3.4
或 999.999.999.999
当然还有 0.0.0.0
。
它“只”需要进一步验证找到的字符串,例如使用一系列 for 循环,并确保每个找到的字符串八位字节对 IP 规则有效。
1 和 254 之间的第一个八位字节
- 第二和
- 第三个介于
0 和 255
- 在
1 和 254 之间
如果有人将验证的第二部分集成到此代码中,以进一步识别找到的 IP 是否是 3 个私有(private)类之一(10.0.0.0/8、172.16.0.0/12 和 192.168.0.0/16
或更确切地说是以下之一:10.0.0.0 到 10.255.255.255、172.16.0.0 到 172.31.255.255 和 192.168.0.0 到 192.168.255.255)这将生成一个循环函数。不要忘记必须警告特殊的 127.x.x.x D)。
要完成 IP4 切换以选择是否验证私有(private) IP 或公共(public) IP,并且返回值可以更清楚地告诉您识别了哪种类型甚至子网掩码:
- 第一个八位字节必须是
255
- 第二和
- 第三和
0,128,192,224,240,248,252,254,255
的第四个
所以总的来说这将是伪例程:
一个接受输入的函数,无论来自哪里,只是被调用,使用开关并返回结果
- 使用私有(private)或公共(public) IP 范围的交换机
- 验证 IP 语法
- IP验证-识别范围和设置返回值
- 私有(private)或
- 公共(public)课
- 子网
- ...
- IP验证-识别范围和设置返回值
- 设置返回值,根据switch设置errorlevel
如果代码确实设置了很好的可用返回代码(例如,返回识别的 ip 范围),这将是每个处理 IP4 的人的全天候功能。虽然我会自己扩展这些 ip 范围,但只要函数能够像示例代码那样可靠地返回那些“_return”值。
我是不是忘记了什么?
没有人编写过这个代码吗?
解决方案: 根据 MC ND 的示例和 Aacini 的开关处理和子网掩码代码,我修改了代码,添加了错误处理使用 echo 和其他情况 - 这里包括一些测试示例代码:
@echo off
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
rem try some ip addresses
for %%i in ("1.2.3.4" "0.1.2.3" "250.1024.1.2" "10.0.2.1" "127.0.0.1" "1.2.3.255" "172.16.17.18" "192.168.1.1" "255.128.240.0" "0.0.0.0" "something" "" ) do (
REM 1.2.3.4 is public / 0.1.2.3 is false all / 10.0.2.1 is private / 127.0.0.1 is local / 172.16.17.18 is private / 192.168.1.1 is private / 255.128.240.0 is subnet / 0.0.0.0 is false all (source net)
echo --------------- run one as default case assuming pulic with ret var -------------------
rem call default with a return variable
call :validateIP %%~i ret && echo %%i is valid || echo %%i is invalid
echo return value: !ret!
echo --------------------------------------------
echo --------------- run two with switch public -------------------
rem call with switch public
call :validateIP %%~i /public && echo %%i is valid || echo %%i is invalid
echo return value: !ret!
echo --------------------------------------------
echo ------------ run three with switch private ---------------------
rem call with switch private
call :validateIP %%~i /private && echo %%i is valid || echo %%i is invalid
echo return value: !ret!
echo --------------------------------------------
echo ------------ run four with switch private and ret variable ---------------------
rem call with switch private and return variable
call :validateIP %%~i /private ret && echo %%i is valid || echo %%i is invalid
echo return value: !ret!
echo --------------------------------------------
echo ------------ run five with switch local and ret variable ---------------------
rem call with switch private and return variable
call :validateIP %%~i /local ret && echo %%i is valid || echo %%i is invalid
echo return value: !ret!
echo --------------------------------------------
echo ------------ run six with switch subnet and ret variable ---------------------
rem call with switch private and return variable
call :validateIP %%~i /subnet ret && echo %%i is valid || echo %%i is invalid
echo return value: !ret!
echo --------------------------------------------
echo ------------ run seven with switch source and ret variable ---------------------
rem call with switch private and return variable
call :validateIP %%~i /source ret && echo %%i is valid || echo %%i is invalid
echo return value: !ret!
echo --------------------------------------------
echo ------------ run eight with nothing ---------------------
rem call with switch private and return variable
call :validateIP && echo is valid || echo is invalid
echo return value: !ret!
echo --------------------------------------------
)
exit /b
:validateIP ipAddress [/ipRange] [returnVariable]
rem prepare environment
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
if "%~1"=="" goto USAGE
echo %~1| findstr /b /e /r "[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*" >nul
if errorlevel 1 goto USAGE
:afterusage
rem Initialize ip range as public
set "ipCASE=public"
rem Process switches
set "returnVar=%~2"
rem If second parameter start with slash...
if "%returnVar:~0,1%" equ "/" (
rem It is the /ipRange
set "ipCASE=%returnVar:~1%"
set "returnVar=%~3"
)
rem asume failure in tests : 0=pass 1=fail : same for return/errorlevel
set "_return=1"
set "_returnlevel=1"
set "subNETNumbers=0,128,192,224,240,248,252,254,255"
rem test if address conforms to ip address structure
echo %~1| findstr /b /e /r "[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*" >nul
rem if it conforms to structure, test each octet for range values
if not errorlevel 1 for /f "tokens=1-4 delims=." %%a in ("%~1") do (
if %%a gtr 0 if %%a lss 255 if %%b leq 255 if %%c leq 255 if %%d gtr 0 if %%d leq 254 set "_return=public"
if %%a equ 10 if %%b geq 0 if %%b lss 255 if %%c geq 0 if %%c lss 255 if %%d gtr 0 if %%d leq 254 set "_return=private"
if %%a equ 172 if %%b geq 16 if %%b lss 31 if %%c geq 0 if %%c lss 255 if %%d gtr 0 if %%d leq 254 set "_return=private"
if %%a equ 192 if %%b equ 168 if %%c geq 0 if %%c lss 255 if %%d gtr 0 if %%d leq 254 set "_return=private"
if %%a equ 127 if %%b geq 0 if %%b lss 255 if %%c geq 0 if %%c lss 255 if %%d gtr 0 if %%d leq 254 set "_return=local"
if %%a equ 255 if not "!subNETNumbers:%%b=!" equ "%subNETNumbers%" if not "!subNETNumbers:%%c=!" equ "%subNETNumbers%" if not "!subNETNumbers:%%d=!" equ "%subNETNumbers%" set "_return=subnetmask"
if %%a equ 0 set "_return=sourcenetwork"
)
rem set returnlevels depending on given switch
if "%ipCASE%"=="public" if "%_return%"=="public" (set "_returnlevel=0") else (set "_returnlevel=1")
if "%ipCASE%"=="private" if "%_return%"=="private" (set "_returnlevel=0") else (set "_returnlevel=1")
if "%ipCASE%"=="local" if "%_return%"=="local" (set "_returnlevel=0") else (set "_returnlevel=1")
if "%ipCASE%"=="subnet" if "%_return%"=="subnetmask" (set "_returnlevel=0") else (set "_returnlevel=1")
if "%ipCASE%"=="source" if "%_return%"=="sourcenetwork" (set "_returnlevel=0") else (set "_returnlevel=1")
REM OPTION1 set errorlevel
REM another correct way to set errorlevel would be to REM this line beneath and instead use _returnlevel with exit /b like in line REM OPTION2 - while this is interesting way to set it indirectly
if "%_returnlevel%"=="0" (ver > nul) else (set dummy 2> nul)
:endValidateIP
rem clean and return data/errorlevel to caller
endlocal & ( if not "%returnVar%"=="" set "%returnVar%=%_return%" ) & exit /b
REM OPTION2 endlocal & ( if not "%returnVar%"=="" set "%returnVar%=%_return%" ) & exit /b %_returnlevel%
:usage
echo.
echo Usage: call :validateIP [/ipRange] [returnVariable]
echo.
echo for example: call :validateIP 127.0.0.2 /local ret
echo.
echo if NO switch is given function assumes public,
echo switch and return var are optional
echo errorlevel depends and corresponds on given switch
echo known switches: /public, /private, /local, /subnet, /source
echo return var reflects syntax check, if return var is "1" the input was malformed anyhow
echo.
goto :afterusage
最佳答案
IP 验证的基本结构。根据需要进行调整
@echo off
setlocal enableextensions enabledelayedexpansion
rem try some ip addresses
for %%i in ("1.1.1.1" "0.1.1.1" "250.1024.1.1" "10.0.2.1" "something" "" ) do (
echo --------------------------------------------
rem call with a variable to get return value
call :validateIP %%~i ret
echo %%~i : return value : !ret!
rem call with or without variable to get errorlevel
call :validateIP %%~i && echo %%i is valid || echo %%i is invalid
)
exit /b
:validateIP ipAddress [returnVariable]
rem prepare environment
setlocal
rem asume failure in tests : 0=pass 1=fail : same for errorlevel
set "_return=1"
rem test if address conforms to ip address structure
echo %~1^| findstr /b /e /r "[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*\.[0-9][0-9]*" >nul
rem if it conforms to structure, test each octet for rage values
if not errorlevel 1 for /f "tokens=1-4 delims=." %%a in ("%~1") do (
if %%a gtr 0 if %%a lss 255 if %%b leq 255 if %%c leq 255 if %%d gtr 0 if %%d leq 254 set "_return=0"
)
:endValidateIP
rem clean and return data/errorlevel to caller
endlocal & ( if not "%~2"=="" set "%~2=%_return%" ) & exit /b %_return%
关于function - 批处理脚本中的 IP 验证 - 首先通过 findstr 进行匹配,然后通过 for 循环进行验证(仅使用内置功能的窗口?,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/20299266/