新程序员，学习了三个月的 Python(只学习了几周的 pygame)...
我正在设计一款 2D、自上而下的游戏，并一直在尝试寻找障碍物来打破 Sprite LOS。我当前的尝试是让每个 Sprite 向可视范围内的每个其他 Sprite 转换一条光线，如果光线与 LOS 阻挡器的矩形碰撞则停止，并仅将可见 Sprite 添加到列表中。
到目前为止， Sprite 总是能透过墙壁看到彼此。我认为这是一个迭代/缩进/太多循环问题。我尝试过 bool 类型的中断并将代码放入带有 return 的函数中(在代码中的几个不同点)，但它没有帮助 - 怪物总是径直冲向玩家，直到他们撞到墙上。
图片:X-Ray Vision
经过几天的 Google 研究和反复试验，但没有任何乐趣。非常感谢任何解决方案或插入正确的方向!
相关代码如下。
墙类
实现
wall = GraphBoxSprite('wall', (WIDTH // 2 - 25, HEIGHT // 2 - 10), 50, 20, BLACK, False, walls, obstacles, losBlockers, allSprites)
代码
class GraphBoxSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# Creates a sprite the size and shape of supplied graph size
def __init__(self, ID, position, squareWidth, squareHeight, colour, transparent=False, *groups):
super().__init__(*groups)
self.ID = ID
self.position = position
self.image = pygame.Surface((squareWidth, squareHeight)) # Blank surface
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft=position)
self.image.fill(colour)
if transparent is True:
self.image.set_colorkey(colour) # Transparent background
生物类别
实现
character = CreatureSprite('character', (WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2 - 50), MEDIUM, QUICK, QUIET, BLUE_LINE, CANDLELIGHT, None, None, characters, allCreatures, allSprites)
代码
class CreatureSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# Creates a sprite to order
def __init__(self, ID, position, size, speed, noiseLevel=None, colour=GREY, lightRadius=None, infravision=None, image=None, *groups):
super().__init__(*groups)
self.image = pygame.Surface(size) # Blank surface for image
self.image.fill(WHITE)
self.image.set_colorkey(WHITE) # Transparent background
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft=position)
self.ID = ID
self.size = size
self.colour = colour
self.lightRadius = lightRadius
self.losLength = 600 # view distance
self.losWidth = 150 # degrees
self.position = Vector2(position)
self.speed = int(speed / (GRID_SCALE * 10))
self.velocity = Vector2(0, 0)
self.destination = Vector2(position)
self.destinationRadius = 40
self.heading = self.destination - self.position
def update(self, walls, dungeonDressings, obstacles, losBlockers, monsters, characters, allCreatures, dungeonLights, creatureLights, allLights, allSprites):
# Draw the creature
pygame.draw.circle(self.image, self.colour, (self.size[0] // 2, self.size[1] // 2), self.size[0] // 2)
pygame.draw.line(self.image, WHITE, (self.size[0] // 2, self.size[1] // 2), (self.size[0] // 2, self.size[1] - 20), 1)
# Draw light over darkness and colour over light
if self.lightRadius:
spritePosition = (int(self.position[0]), int(self.position[1])) # syntactic sugar
pygame.draw.circle(DARKNESS, (COLOURKEY), spritePosition, self.lightRadius * GRID_SCALE)
pygame.draw.circle(LIGHTNESS, (GOLDENROD), spritePosition, self.lightRadius * GRID_SCALE)
# Movement
self.position += self.velocity # Update the position vector first
self.rect.center = self.position # Update the rect afterwards
# This vector points to the destination
self.heading = self.destination - self.position
distance = self.heading.length()
# Normalize heading for scale to desired length/speed below
if self.heading: # Cannot normalize a zero vector
self.heading.normalize_ip()
# Sprite rotation to heading
#self.image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image, self.heading) --- won't accept Vector2, only real number ---
# Slow down when approaching destination
if distance > self.destinationRadius:
self.velocity = self.heading * self.speed
elif distance <= 15:
for sprite in allSprites:
if sprite in allCreatures or sprite in obstacles: # Creatures maintain personal space
self.velocity = Vector2(0, 0)
else:
self.velocity = self.heading * (distance / self.destinationRadius * self.speed)
# Line of Sight
targets = []
visible = []
seen = []
for target in allSprites:
if target != self:
targets.append(target.ID)
lineOfSight = target.position - self.position
lineOfSightDist = lineOfSight.length()
if lineOfSightDist < self.losLength: # Target in range
#if self.heading < self.losWidth: # Target in field of view --- need to convert to comparable format ---
x = self.position[0]
y = self.position[1]
for i in range(int(lineOfSightDist)): # Try to reach target with a cast ray
x += lineOfSight[0]
y += lineOfSight[1]
for sprite in allSprites:
if sprite.rect.collidepoint(int(round(x)), int(round(y))):
if sprite in losBlockers: # Stop ray
seen.append(sprite)
visible.append(target.ID)
break
else:
seen.append(sprite)
visible.append(target.ID)
break
print('{} sees {} out of {} in range'.format(self.ID, visible, targets))
# Creature AI
if self.ID == 'monster':
if seen:
for sprite in seen:
if sprite.ID == 'character':
self.destination = sprite.position
# When sprites collide
for sprite in allSprites:
if self.rect.colliderect(sprite):
if self in allCreatures and sprite in obstacles:
self.velocity = Vector2(0, 0)
def changeColour(self, colour):
self.colour = colour
完整代码
import os, sys, ctypes, random, math, copy, time, pickle, shelve, pprint, pygame # Inbuilt functions
import charReference, equipment # Reference material
from pygame.locals import *
from pygame.math import Vector2
pygame.init()
pygame.display.set_caption('LOOT OR DIE!')
directory = 'C:\\Users\\user\\OneDrive\\LootOrDie\\'
pygame.font.init()
# Main fonts
font = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Cour.ttf', 18)
fontB = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Courbd.ttf', 18)
fontI = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Couri.ttf', 18)
fontBI = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Courbi.ttf', 18)
smallFont = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Cour.ttf', 16)
smallFontB = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Courbd.ttf', 16)
smallFontI = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Couri.ttf', 16)
smallFontBI = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Courbi.ttf', 16)
bigFont = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Cour.ttf', 24)
bigFontB = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Courbd.ttf', 24)
bigFontI = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Couri.ttf', 24)
bigFontBI = pygame.font.Font(directory + 'fonts\\Courbi.ttf', 24)
# Colours
COLOURKEY = (127, 33, 33) # Transparent colour key
BLACK = ( 0, 0, 0)
WHITE = (255, 255, 255)
DARKGREY = ( 64, 64, 64)
GREY = (128, 128, 128)
LIGHTGREY = (200, 200, 200)
PINK_LINE = (238, 106, 167)
RED = (179, 0, 0)
BLOOD = (138, 3, 3)
ORANGE = (255, 185, 0)
GOLD = (100, 84, 0)
GOLDENROD = (212, 175, 55)
GREEN = ( 0, 130, 0)
FOREST_GREEN = ( 11, 102, 35)
BLUE_LINE = (100, 149, 237)
BLUE_INK = ( 0, 0, 128)
DARK_BLUE = ( 0, 60, 120)
""" Define Screen """
# Prevent screen stretching
preventStretch = True
if preventStretch is True:
user32 = ctypes.windll.user32
user32.SetProcessDPIAware()
SCREEN_SIZE = WIDTH, HEIGHT = (1440, 900)
SCREEN = pygame.display.set_mode(SCREEN_SIZE, pygame.RESIZABLE) # FULLSCREEN
LEFT_MARGIN = 40
TOP_MARGIN = 26
LINE_HEIGHT = 22
COL1 = LEFT_MARGIN
COL2 = int(SCREEN.get_width() / 4 + (LEFT_MARGIN * 2))
COL3 = int(((SCREEN.get_width() / 4) + (LEFT_MARGIN * 2)) * 2)
COL4 = int(((SCREEN.get_width() / 4) + (LEFT_MARGIN * 2)) * 3)
# Timing and FPS
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
FPS = 60
# Double mouse-click half second delay
doubleClickClock = pygame.time.Clock()
DOUBLE_MOUSE_CLICK_TIME = 500
""" Define Buttons """
MENU_BUTTON_WIDTH = 150
MENU_BUTTON_HEIGHT = 30
LINE_BUTTON_WIDTH = int(SCREEN.get_width() / 4 - (LEFT_MARGIN * 2))
LINE_BUTTON_HEIGHT = LINE_HEIGHT - 2
EQUIP_BUTTON_WIDTH = int(SCREEN.get_width() / 2 - (LEFT_MARGIN * 2))
BODY_BUTTON_WIDTH = 255
# TextLine Buttons
col_1_textLines = []
col_2_textLines = []
col_3_textLines = []
lineNo = 0
for line in range(40): # The maximum number of lines per screen
line = COL1, TOP_MARGIN + LINE_HEIGHT * lineNo
col_1_textLines.append(line)
lineNo += 1
col_2_textLines = []
lineNo = 0
for line in range(40):
line = COL2, TOP_MARGIN + LINE_HEIGHT * lineNo
col_2_textLines.append(line)
lineNo += 1
col_2_textLines = []
lineNo = 0
for line in range(40):
line = COL2, TOP_MARGIN + LINE_HEIGHT * lineNo
col_2_textLines.append(line)
lineNo += 1
""" Dungeon Settings """
# Graph paper coordinates
GRID_SCALE = 5 # feet per square
SQUARE_WIDTH = 20
SQUARE_HEIGHT = 20
GRID_MARGIN = 1 # between squares
# Creature Sizes
TINY = (5, 5)
SMALL = (10, 10)
MEDIUM = (15, 15)
LARGE = (20, 20)
HUGE = (40, 40)
# Creature Speeds and Noise Levels
""" Run is * 10 """
STATIONARY = SILENT = 0
SHAMBOLIC = STEALTHY = 15
SLUGGISH = QUIET = 30
SLOW = NOISY = 60
PLODDING = LOUD = 90
QUICK = CACOPHONOUS = 120
# Light Source Radii
CANDLELIGHT = 10
SMALL_ITEMLIGHT = 10
MEDIUM_ITEMLIGHT = 15
LONG_ITEMLIGHT = 20
LANTERNLIGHT = 30
TORCHLIGHT = 40
# Cloak screen in darkness
DARKNESS = pygame.Surface(SCREEN_SIZE)
DARKNESS.set_colorkey(COLOURKEY)
# Mask for light colour
LIGHTNESS = pygame.Surface(SCREEN_SIZE)
LIGHTNESS.set_colorkey(COLOURKEY)
def dungeon():
# Window for testing
windowSize = windowWidth, windowHeight = WIDTH, HEIGHT
window = pygame.Surface(windowSize)
""" Sprite Groups """
# Dungeon
walls = pygame.sprite.Group()
dungeonDressings = pygame.sprite.Group()
obstacles = pygame.sprite.Group() # Anything that blocks movement
losBlockers = pygame.sprite.Group() # Anything that blocks line of sight (LOS)
# Creatures
characters = pygame.sprite.Group()
monsters = pygame.sprite.Group()
allCreatures = pygame.sprite.Group()
# Lights
dungeonLights = pygame.sprite.Group()
creatureLights = pygame.sprite.Group()
allLights = pygame.sprite.Group()
# Everything
allSprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
""" Sprites """
# Character sprites
character = CreatureSprite('character', (WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2 - 50), MEDIUM, QUICK, QUIET, BLUE_LINE, CANDLELIGHT, None, None, characters, allCreatures, allSprites)
# Enemy sprites
for monster in range(1):
orc = CreatureSprite('monster', (WIDTH // 2, HEIGHT // 2 + 50), MEDIUM, PLODDING, NOISY, BLOOD, TORCHLIGHT, None, None, monsters, allCreatures, allSprites)
# The Wall
wall = GraphBoxSprite('wall', (WIDTH // 2 - 25, HEIGHT // 2 - 10), 50, 20, BLACK, False, walls, obstacles, losBlockers, allSprites)
selectedObject = None
destinationPoint = None
while True: # Main Loop
clock.tick(FPS) # Set framerate
# Capture mouse coordinates on screen and in window
mousePos = x, y = pygame.mouse.get_pos()
mouseWindowPos = (x - int(WIDTH / 2 - windowWidth / 2), y - int(HEIGHT / 2 - windowHeight / 2))
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == KEYDOWN:
if event.key == K_ESCAPE:
if selectedObject:
if selectedObject in characters:
selectedObject.changeColour(BLUE_LINE)
elif selectedObject in monsters:
selectedObject.changeColour(BLOOD)
selectedObject = None
else:
quitGame()
# Set destination with mouse-click
if event.type == MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
# Check for double click event
doubleClick = False
if doubleClickClock.tick() < DOUBLE_MOUSE_CLICK_TIME:
doubleClick = True
if event.button == 1:
if selectedObject: # Single-click to de-select sprite
if selectedObject in characters:
selectedObject.changeColour(BLUE_LINE)
elif selectedObject in monsters:
selectedObject.changeColour(BLOOD)
selectedObject = None
elif not selectedObject: # Single-click to select new sprite
for sprite in allCreatures:
if sprite.rect.collidepoint(mouseWindowPos):
selectedObject = sprite
selectedObject.changeColour(GOLDENROD)
elif event.button == 3:
if selectedObject: # Send selected sprite to destination
selectedObject.destination = mouseWindowPos
# Arrange dark and light sources
DARKNESS.fill(0)
LIGHTNESS.fill(COLOURKEY)
# Draw squares on coloured background to mimic graph paper
window.fill(BLUE_LINE)
for column in range(SQUARE_WIDTH + GRID_MARGIN, windowWidth, SQUARE_WIDTH + GRID_MARGIN):
for row in range(SQUARE_HEIGHT + GRID_MARGIN, windowHeight, SQUARE_HEIGHT + GRID_MARGIN):
pygame.draw.rect(window, WHITE, [column, row, SQUARE_WIDTH, SQUARE_HEIGHT])
# Update Sprites
allSprites.update(window, walls, dungeonDressings, obstacles, losBlockers, monsters, characters, allCreatures, dungeonLights, creatureLights, allLights, allSprites)
# Draw items
walls.draw(window)
allCreatures.draw(window)
# Draw screen overlaid with darkness overlaid by lit areas
SCREEN.blit(window, (WIDTH // 2 - windowWidth // 2, HEIGHT // 2 - windowHeight // 2))
# Make LIGHTNESS surface partially transparent
LIGHTNESS.set_alpha(75)
SCREEN.blit(LIGHTNESS, (0, 0))
SCREEN.blit(DARKNESS, (0, 0))
pygame.display.update()
class GraphBoxSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# Creates a sprite the size and shape of supplied graph size
def __init__(self, ID, position, squareWidth, squareHeight, colour, transparent=False, *groups):
super().__init__(*groups)
self.ID = ID
self.position = position
self.image = pygame.Surface((squareWidth, squareHeight)) # Blank surface
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft=position)
self.image.fill(colour)
if transparent is True:
self.image.set_colorkey(colour) # Transparent background
class CreatureSprite(pygame.sprite.Sprite):
# Creates a sprite to order
def __init__(self, ID, position, size, speed, noiseLevel=None, colour=GREY, lightRadius=None, infravision=None, image=None, *groups):
super().__init__(*groups)
self.image = pygame.Surface(size) # Blank surface for image
self.image.fill(WHITE)
self.image.set_colorkey(WHITE) # Transparent background
self.rect = self.image.get_rect(topleft=position)
self.ID = ID
self.size = size
self.colour = colour
self.lightRadius = lightRadius
self.losLength = 600 # view distance
self.losWidth = 150 # degrees
self.position = Vector2(position)
self.speed = int(speed / (GRID_SCALE * 10))
self.velocity = Vector2(0, 0)
self.destination = Vector2(position)
self.destinationRadius = 40
self.heading = self.destination - self.position
def update(self, walls, dungeonDressings, obstacles, losBlockers, monsters, characters, allCreatures, dungeonLights, creatureLights, allLights, allSprites):
# Draw the creature
pygame.draw.circle(self.image, self.colour, (self.size[0] // 2, self.size[1] // 2), self.size[0] // 2)
pygame.draw.line(self.image, WHITE, (self.size[0] // 2, self.size[1] // 2), (self.size[0] // 2, self.size[1] - 20), 1)
# Draw light over darkness and colour over light
if self.lightRadius:
spritePosition = (int(self.position[0]), int(self.position[1])) # syntactic sugar
pygame.draw.circle(DARKNESS, (COLOURKEY), spritePosition, self.lightRadius * GRID_SCALE)
pygame.draw.circle(LIGHTNESS, (GOLDENROD), spritePosition, self.lightRadius * GRID_SCALE)
# Movement
self.position += self.velocity # Update the position vector first
self.rect.center = self.position # Update the rect afterwards
# This vector points to the destination
self.heading = self.destination - self.position
distance = self.heading.length()
# Normalize heading for scale to desired length/speed below
if self.heading: # Cannot normalize a zero vector
self.heading.normalize_ip()
# Sprite rotation to heading
#self.image = pygame.transform.rotate(self.image, self.heading) --- won't accept Vector2, only real number ---
# Slow down when approaching destination
if distance > self.destinationRadius:
self.velocity = self.heading * self.speed
elif distance <= 15:
for sprite in allSprites:
if sprite in allCreatures or sprite in obstacles: # Creatures maintain personal space
self.velocity = Vector2(0, 0)
else:
self.velocity = self.heading * (distance / self.destinationRadius * self.speed)
# Line of Sight
targets = []
visible = []
seen = []
for target in allSprites:
if target != self:
targets.append(target.ID)
lineOfSight = target.position - self.position
lineOfSightDist = lineOfSight.length()
if lineOfSightDist < self.losLength: # Target in range
#if self.heading < self.losWidth: # Target in field of view --- need to convert to comparable format ---
x = self.position[0]
y = self.position[1]
for i in range(int(lineOfSightDist)): # Try to reach target with a cast ray
x += lineOfSight[0]
y += lineOfSight[1]
for sprite in allSprites:
if sprite.rect.collidepoint(int(round(x)), int(round(y))):
if sprite in losBlockers: # Stop ray
seen.append(sprite)
visible.append(target.ID)
break
else:
seen.append(sprite)
visible.append(target.ID)
break
print('{} sees {} out of {} in range'.format(self.ID, visible, targets))
# Creature AI
if self.ID == 'monster':
if seen:
for sprite in seen:
if sprite.ID == 'character':
self.destination = sprite.position
# When sprites collide
for sprite in allSprites:
if self.rect.colliderect(sprite):
if self in allCreatures and sprite in obstacles:
self.velocity = Vector2(0, 0)
def changeColour(self, colour):
self.colour = colour
def quitGame():
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
def waitForKeyPress():
# Pause program until a key is pressed
while True:
for event in pygame.event.get():
if event.type == pygame.QUIT:
pygame.quit()
sys.exit()
if event.type == pygame.KEYDOWN or event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONDOWN:
return
""" Start Game """
if __name__ == '__main__':
dungeon()
最佳答案
仅通过查看静态代码的一部分我无法看出为什么你的程序无法运行，但看起来应该如此。
但是，我可以提供我自己的解决方案:
对于每个 NPC/对手:
- 计算每个 NPC 之间的线和玩家。这里我们只使用 Sprite 矩形的中心，因为它很简单。如果您愿意，可以将其视为“射线”。
- 确定是否有任何墙壁/阻挡物对象位于该直线/射线上。
- 如果是这样，视线就会被破坏，我们就可以停止检查。
因此，视线就是从(玩家 x，玩家 y)到(NPC-x，NPC-y)，定义一条线。
每个墙对象都是四条线(形成一个矩形)，因此我们检查玩家-NPC 线与每条矩形边线的交点。这将检查简化为一些线性几何，无需三角学或平方根。也无需沿着视线“行走”来检查遮挡情况，一旦在线上发现任何物体，NPC 将无法看到玩家。
注意:按照设计，我们不会检查 NPC 是否遮挡了其他 NPC 的视野。
引用代码:
import pygame
import random
WINDOW_WIDTH = 800
WINDOW_HEIGHT= 600
SURFACE = pygame.HWSURFACE|pygame.DOUBLEBUF|pygame.RESIZABLE
#define colour
WHITE = ( 200, 200, 200)
GREY = ( 50, 50, 50)
BLACK = (0,0,0)
RED = ( 200, 0, 0 )
GREEN = (0,255,0)
TAN = (240,171,15)
YELLOW= (255,255,0)
def lineRectIntersectionPoints( line, rect ):
""" Get the list of points where the line and rect
intersect, The result may be zero, one or two points.
BUG: This function fails when the line and the side
of the rectangle overlap """
def linesAreParallel( x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3, x4,y4 ):
""" Return True if the given lines (x1,y1)-(x2,y2) and
(x3,y3)-(x4,y4) are parallel """
return (((x1-x2)*(y3-y4)) - ((y1-y2)*(x3-x4)) == 0)
def intersectionPoint( x1,y1, x2,y2, x3,y3, x4,y4 ):
""" Return the point where the lines through (x1,y1)-(x2,y2)
and (x3,y3)-(x4,y4) cross. This may not be on-screen """
#Use determinant method, as per
#Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Line%E2%80%93line_intersection
Px = ((((x1*y2)-(y1*x2))*(x3 - x4)) - ((x1-x2)*((x3*y4)-(y3*x4)))) / (((x1-x2)*(y3-y4)) - ((y1-y2)*(x3-x4)))
Py = ((((x1*y2)-(y1*x2))*(y3 - y4)) - ((y1-y2)*((x3*y4)-(y3*x4)))) / (((x1-x2)*(y3-y4)) - ((y1-y2)*(x3-x4)))
return Px,Py
### Begin the intersection tests
result = []
line_x1, line_y1, line_x2, line_y2 = line # split into components
pos_x, pos_y, width, height = rect
### Convert the rectangle into 4 lines
rect_lines = [ ( pos_x, pos_y, pos_x+width, pos_y ), ( pos_x, pos_y+height, pos_x+width, pos_y+height ), # top & bottom
( pos_x, pos_y, pos_x, pos_y+height ), ( pos_x+width, pos_y, pos_x+width, pos_y+height ) ] # left & right
### intersect each rect-side with the line
for r in rect_lines:
rx1,ry1,rx2,ry2 = r
if ( not linesAreParallel( line_x1,line_y1, line_x2,line_y2, rx1,ry1, rx2,ry2 ) ): # not parallel
pX, pY = intersectionPoint( line_x1,line_y1, line_x2,line_y2, rx1,ry1, rx2,ry2 ) # so intersecting somewhere
pX = round( pX )
pY = round( pY )
# Lines intersect, but is on the rectangle, and between the line end-points?
if ( rect.collidepoint( pX, pY ) and
pX >= min( line_x1, line_x2 ) and pX <= max( line_x1, line_x2 ) and
pY >= min( line_y1, line_y2 ) and pY <= max( line_y1, line_y2 ) ):
pygame.draw.circle( window, WHITE, ( pX, pY ), 4 )
result.append( ( pX, pY ) ) # keep it
if ( len( result ) == 2 ):
break # Once we've found 2 intersection points, that's it
return result
class Wall( pygame.sprite.Sprite):
""" Rectangular objects that blocks line-of-sight """
def __init__( self, x, y, width, height ):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__( self )
self.image = pygame.Surface( ( width, height ) )
self.rect = self.image.get_rect();
self.rect.topleft = ( x, y )
self.image.fill( TAN )
def getRect( self ):
return self.rect
class Being( pygame.sprite.Sprite):
""" Some kind of creature with miraculous 360 degree vision """
def __init__( self, x, y, colour=YELLOW, size=48 ):
pygame.sprite.Sprite.__init__( self )
self.colour= colour
self.image = pygame.Surface( ( size, size ), pygame.SRCALPHA )
self.rect = self.image.get_rect();
self.rect.center = ( x, y )
self.size = size
self.seen = False
self.update()
def update( self ):
""" If we've been seen, go red with embrassment """
if ( self.seen ):
colour = RED
else:
colour = self.colour
pygame.draw.circle( self.image, colour, ( self.size//2, self.size//2 ), self.size//2 )
def setSeen( self, seen=True ):
self.seen = seen
def getCentre( self ):
return self.rect.center
def getRect( self ):
return self.rect
### initialisation
pygame.init()
pygame.mixer.init()
window = pygame.display.set_mode( ( WINDOW_WIDTH, WINDOW_HEIGHT ), SURFACE )
pygame.display.set_caption("Line of Sight")
# Occluders
wall_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
central_block = Wall( WINDOW_WIDTH//3, WINDOW_HEIGHT//2, WINDOW_WIDTH//3, 20 ) # top middle (random)
wall_sprites.add( central_block )
# NPCs
npc_sprites = pygame.sprite.Group()
for i in range( 3 ):
npc_sprites.add( Being( random.randint( 50, WINDOW_WIDTH-50 ), 50, GREEN ) )
# Player
player_sprite = pygame.sprite.GroupSingle()
player = Being( WINDOW_WIDTH//2, 3*WINDOW_HEIGHT//4 ) # bottom middle
player_sprite.add ( player )
### Main Loop
clock = pygame.time.Clock()
done = False
while not done:
# Handle user-input
for event in pygame.event.get():
if ( event.type == pygame.QUIT ):
done = True
elif ( event.type == pygame.MOUSEBUTTONUP ):
# On mouse-click
pass
# Movement keys
keys = pygame.key.get_pressed()
if ( keys[pygame.K_LEFT] ):
player.rect.x -= 1
if ( keys[pygame.K_RIGHT] ):
player.rect.x += 1
if ( keys[pygame.K_UP] ):
player.rect.y -= 1
if ( keys[pygame.K_DOWN] ):
player.rect.y += 1
# Update the window, but not more than 60fps
window.fill( BLACK )
# Check to see if the Player can see any NPCs
player_centre = player.getCentre()
for npc in npc_sprites:
npc_centre = npc.getCentre()
# Does the line <player> to <npc> intersect any obstacles?
line_of_sight = [ player_centre[0], player_centre[1], npc_centre[0], npc_centre[1] ]
found = True
for wall in wall_sprites:
# is anyting blocking the line-of-sight?
intersection_points = lineRectIntersectionPoints( line_of_sight, wall.getRect() )
if ( len( intersection_points ) > 0 ):
found = False
break # seen already
# Highlight anyone found
npc.setSeen( found )
if ( found ):
pygame.draw.line( window, WHITE, player_centre, npc_centre )
else:
pygame.draw.line( window, GREY, player_centre, npc_centre )
# draw the sprites
wall_sprites.draw( window )
npc_sprites.update()
npc_sprites.draw( window )
player_sprite.draw( window )
pygame.display.flip()
clock.tick_busy_loop(60)
pygame.quit()
关于python - Pygame 中的 2D 光线转换和矩形碰撞(视线、障碍物)，我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题： https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63838657/