python - Python 请求的 SSL 证书问题

Question

我正在向需要 SSL 证书才能访问的站点发出请求。
当我尝试访问 URL 时，出现 SSL 证书错误

import requests
proxies = {"https":"https://user:pwd@host:port"}
r = requests.get("https://URL", proxies=proxies)
print(r.status_code)

File "C:\Program Files\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 533, in request resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs) File "C:\Program Files\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 646, in send r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs) File "C:\Program Files\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 514, in send raise SSLError(e, request=request) requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pit-wvrpnpd.johnlewis.co.uk', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /suite-api (Caused by SSLError(SSLCertVerificationError(1, '[SSL: CERTIFICATE_VERIFY_FAILED] certificate verify failed: self signed certificate in certificate chain (_ssl.c:1076)')))

如果我在 Python 的请求中使用 verify=False，我会遇到错误

r = requests.get("https://URL", proxies=proxies,verify=False)

C:\Program Files\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\urllib3\connectionpool.py:851: InsecureRequestWarning: Unverified HTTPS request is being made. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. See: https://urllib3.readthedocs.io/en/latest/advanced-usage.html#ssl-warnings InsecureRequestWarning) 403

所以我决定从 Chrome "site.cer"下载 SSL 证书
然后我如下使用它，但它会引发错误

r = requests.get("https://URL", proxies=proxies, cert=('C:\\site.cer'))

File "C:\Program Files\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 533, in request resp = self.send(prep, **send_kwargs) File "C:\Program Files\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\sessions.py", line 646, in send r = adapter.send(request, **kwargs) File "C:\Program Files\Python37-32\lib\site-packages\requests\adapters.py", line 514, in send raise SSLError(e, request=request) requests.exceptions.SSLError: HTTPSConnectionPool(host='pit-wvrpnpd.johnlewis.co.uk', port=443): Max retries exceeded with url: /suite-api (Caused by SSLError(SSLError(9, '[SSL] PEM lib (_ssl.c:3854)')))

我正在使用 Python 3.7，有什么想法我犯了错误吗？

Answer 1

使用 verify=False 添加此 header 给了我访问权限。

headers = {
    'user-agent': "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.138 Safari/537.36",
}

response = requests.request("GET", url, headers=headers, verify=False)