是否使用在 postgreSQL 方言中自动生成的 UUID 类型 ID 支持 Sequelize ?
对生成的 CREATE TABLE sql 感到非常惊讶,这对于 postgreSQL 方言似乎不正确。
sequelize queryInterface.createTable via queryGenerator.createTableQuery on PostgreSQL with PK id of type UUID with defaultValue: Sequelize.DataTypes.UUIDV4 似乎没有创建正确的 CREATE TABLE,当没有提供 id 值时,它将为 id 创建默认 UUID 值。
下面调用 queryInterface.createTable
await queryInterface.createTable(
// 'tableName'
'User2s',
// 'attributes'
{
id: {
allowNull: false,
// autoIncrement: true, // with this "npx sequelize-cli db:migrate" fails with 'ERROR syntax error at or near "SERIAL"' for type UUID. So not using this. This would work if id type was INTEGER (without setting 'defaultValue')
defaultValue: Sequelize.UUIDV4,
// defaultValue: Sequelize.DataTypes.UUIDV4, // tried this instead of above too
// defaultValue: require('sequelize').UUIDV4, // tried this instead of above too
primaryKey: true,
type: Sequelize.UUID
},
firstName: {
type: Sequelize.STRING
},
lastName: {
type: Sequelize.STRING
},
email: {
type: Sequelize.STRING
},
createdAt: {
allowNull: false,
type: Sequelize.DATE
},
updatedAt: {
allowNull: false,
type: Sequelize.DATE
}
},
// 'options'
{schema: process.env.DB_POSTGRESQL_SCHEMA_NAME}
);
在 SQL 下创建(方言设置为 postgreSQL);CREATE TABLE exp15c."User2s"
(
id uuid NOT NULL,
"firstName" character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
"lastName" character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
email character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
"createdAt" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL,
"updatedAt" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT "User2s_pkey" PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
但上面为 postgreSQL 生成的 CREATE TABLE 可能应该是;CREATE TABLE exp15c."User2s"
(
id uuid DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
"firstName" character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
"lastName" character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
email character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
"createdAt" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL,
"updatedAt" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL,
CONSTRAINT "User2s_pkey" PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
当我看文件时;https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/blob/9f950cbcbdd659d559496b77c40e0f827b108561/docs/manual/core-concepts/model-basics.md
UUID
对于 UUID,请使用 DataTypes.UUID。它成为 PostgreSQL 和 SQLite 的 UUID 数据类型,以及 MySQL 的 CHAR(36) 数据类型。 Sequelize 可以为这些字段自动生成 UUID,只需使用 Sequelize.UUIDV1 或 Sequelize.UUIDV4 作为默认值:
{
type: DataTypes.UUID,
defaultValue: Sequelize.UUIDV4 // Or Sequelize.UUIDV1
}
它基本上说,我的上述用法是正确的。当我查看 sequelize 源代码时,我看到了;
https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/blob/9f950cbcbdd659d559496b77c40e0f827b108561/lib/utils.js
const uuidv4 = require('uuid').v4;
function toDefaultValue(value, dialect) {
if (typeof value === 'function') {
const tmp = value();
if (tmp instanceof DataTypes.ABSTRACT) {
return tmp.toSql();
}
return tmp;
}
if (value instanceof DataTypes.UUIDV1) {
return uuidv1();
}
if (value instanceof DataTypes.UUIDV4) {
return uuidv4();
}
if (value instanceof DataTypes.NOW) {
return now(dialect);
}
if (Array.isArray(value)) {
return value.slice();
}
if (_.isPlainObject(value)) {
return { ...value };
}
return value;
}
exports.toDefaultValue = toDefaultValue;
以上方法用于https://github.com/sequelize/sequelize/blob/9f950cbcbdd659d559496b77c40e0f827b108561/lib/model.js
_initValues(值,选项){
但不确定它是否真的适用于我的用例。
上面生成的 CREATE TABLE sql 执行并创建表,但是当我们尝试在没有 id 值的情况下插入时将不起作用,这就是我想要做的。
非常详细;
我正在通过如下 sequelize-cli 命令使用 sequelize;
0) 确保您的 postgreSQL 数据库具有新模式 'exp15c'
初始化 sequelize 目录和文件
npx sequelize-cli 初始化
npx sequelize-cli model:generate --name User2 --attributes firstName:string,lastName:string,email:string
将模型创建为;
'使用严格';
常量 {
模型
} = 要求(' Sequelize ');
module.exports = (sequelize, DataTypes) => {
类 User2 扩展模型 {
静态关联(模型){
//这里定义关联
}
};
用户2.init({
名字:DataTypes.STRING,
姓氏:DataTypes.STRING,
电子邮件:DataTypes.STRING
}, {
Sequelize ,
模型名称:'用户2',
});
返回用户2;
}
'使用严格';
模块.exports = {
向上:异步(queryInterface,Sequelize)=> {
//上面提供的带有“await queryInterface._createTable(”的代码片段在这里 },
下来:异步(queryInterface,Sequelize)=> {
等待 queryInterface.dropTable('User2s');
}
};
npx sequelize-cli 数据库:迁移
观察它使用上面的 CREATE TABLE sql 创建了 User2s 表
npx sequelize-cli 种子:生成 --name init-user2
'使用严格';
模块.exports = {
向上:异步(queryInterface,Sequelize)=> {
等待 queryInterface.bulkInsert(
{tableName:'User2s',架构:'exp15c'},
[
{名:'ilker',姓:'kiris',电子邮件:'ilker@gmail.com',createdAt:新日期(),更新日期:新日期()},
{ firstName:'selcuk',lastName:'gecer',电子邮件:'selcuk@gmail.com',createdAt:新日期(),updatedAt:新日期()},
{名字:'turhan',姓氏:'bozkurt',电子邮件:'turhan@gmail.com',createdAt:新日期(),updatedAt:新日期()}
],{}
);
},
下来:异步(queryInterface,Sequelize)=> {
等待 queryInterface.bulkDelete('User2s', null, {});
}
};
npx sequelize-cli db:seed:all
注意以上失败
错误:关系“User2s”的“id”列中的空值违反非空约束
因为生成的 CREATE TABLE sql 并没有真正使用 defaultValue 变量
最佳答案
我不得不说我对使用 UUID 作为 PK id 这个基本主题缺乏适当的文档、示例和 stackoverflow 答案感到非常惊讶。我正在下面详细记录答案,这样其他人就不会像我一样受苦。
经过多次尝试和错误,我找到了解决方案;
事实证明,使用 postgreSQL,
因此,要使用“uuid_generate_v1()”需要通过发布启用“uuid-ossp”postgreSQL 扩展;
"如果不存在则创建扩展"uuid-ossp";
默认值:Sequelize.literal('uuid_generate_v4()'),
这是迁移文件中的代码片段;
'use strict';
module.exports = {
up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
// create the table 'users' for 'User' model
await queryInterface.createTable(
// 'tableName' input to queryInterface.createTable
'Users',
// 'attributes' input to queryInterface.createTable
{
// CREATE TABLE exp15c."Users"
// (
// id integer NOT NULL DEFAULT nextval('exp15c."Users_id_seq"'::regclass),
// "firstName" character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
// "lastName" character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
// email character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
// "createdAt" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL,
// "updatedAt" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL,
// CONSTRAINT "Users_pkey" PRIMARY KEY (id)
// )
// NOTE below block creates above table
// id: {
// allowNull: false,
// autoIncrement: true,
// primaryKey: true,
// type: Sequelize.INTEGER
// },
// NOTE above using INTEGER for id, below is using UUID
id: {
allowNull: false,
// autoIncrement: true, // WRONG, with this "npx sequelize-cli db:migrate" fails with 'ERROR syntax error at or near "SERIAL"'
// NOTE with postgreSQL, by default only "plpgsql" extension is enabled. To use "uuid_generate_v1()" need to enable "uuid-ossp" postgreSQL extension via issuing; "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
// "https://www.postgresqltutorial.com/postgresql-uuid/"
defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('uuid_generate_v4()'), // NOTE results in "id UUID NOT NULL DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4()" in generated CREATE TABLE which needs need to enable "uuid-ossp" postgreSQL extension via issuing; "CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
// defaultValue: uuid_v4(), // WRONG ends up adding "DEFAULT 'a1d10f9f-aa6f-493d-8442-5a6ebc304079'::uuid" in "id uuid NOT NULL DEFAULT 'a1d10f9f-aa6f-493d-8442-5a6ebc304079'::uuid", which fails upon "npx sequelize-cli db:seed:all" with "ERROR: Validation error"
// defaultValue: Sequelize.UUIDV4, // WRONG results in "id UUID NOT NULL"
// defaultValue: Sequelize.DataTypes.UUIDV4, // WRONG equivalent to above line, results in "id uuid NOT NULL"
// defaultValue: require('sequelize').UUIDV4,// WRONG equivalent to above line, results in "id uuid NOT NULL"
primaryKey: true,
type: Sequelize.UUID
},
// NOTE above block creates below table
// CREATE TABLE exp15c."Users"
// (
// id uuid NOT NULL DEFAULT uuid_generate_v4(),
// -- id uuid NOT NULL DEFAULT 'a1d10f9f-aa6f-493d-8442-5a6ebc304079'::uuid,
// -- id uuid NOT NULL,
// "firstName" character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
// "lastName" character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
// email character varying(255) COLLATE pg_catalog."default",
// "createdAt" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL,
// "updatedAt" timestamp with time zone NOT NULL,
// CONSTRAINT "Users_pkey" PRIMARY KEY (id)
// )
firstName: {
type: Sequelize.STRING
},
lastName: {
type: Sequelize.STRING
},
email: {
type: Sequelize.STRING
},
createdAt: {
allowNull: false,
type: Sequelize.DATE
},
updatedAt: {
allowNull: false,
type: Sequelize.DATE
}
},
// 'options' input to queryInterface.createTable
{schema: process.env.DB_POSTGRESQL_SCHEMA_NAME}
);
},
down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
await queryInterface.dropTable('Users');
}
};
关于sequelize.js - sequelize(和 sequelize-cli)queryInterface.createTable 在 PostgreSQL 上,PK id 类型为 UUID,defaultValue : Sequelize. DataTypes.UUIDV4 失败,我们在Stack Overflow上找到一个类似的问题: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67389165/